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^•i

Sussey Htcbaeolooical Societig.

SUSSEX
Hrcb^ological Collections,

HISTOET AND ANTIQUITIES OF THE COUNTY.

Ube Sussej; HrcbsolOGtcal Society.

VOL. XXXVIII.

LEWES;
FABNCOUBE & CO., PBINTEB8.

MDCOOXGII.

691856

• • • •

• •

• • •

■•^ • • •

•^»

• •

CONTENTS.

List of Officbbs ii.

BULES xi.

Bbpokt of the Co^uuttes fob the Yea-ES 1S89, 1B90 ASJ} 1891 xiv,

Statejieht of Acoountb fok Yeabs 1889, 1890 asd 1891 .... xrii,

Additions to Libhaby and Musettm Dmiiuo Ybabs 1890, 1891 xxv,

Li»T OF Honorary Members, wun UA,TEa of Eleltion xxxi.

List of Mejibebs, with Dates of Admission to the Society . . xsxiii.

CoBBESPONDiso SogiETiEa xliv.

UuRAL Paistinos in Svssek CnuBCHEs. By J. Lewis Atiriri,

Esq., F.S.A. (Itbistmted) 1

FuBTiiEK Notes on the Ancient Site oali^D Towkcbeep, By
the liev. Edward E. B. Tatham, Hector of Well-mth-
Claxhy, Lincohiahire. (With Map) 21

Ak AjfciENT CoBNisH Cboss IN SUSSEX. By ArtkiiT G. Laiigdon,

Esq. (lUvstraCed) 33

Okdinance foe the Betteb Obbebvasce of the Obits and
Sektices fob tiib Dead, thbouqiiout thb Subordinate
Foundations of Cluni. By Sir George F. DtickeU, Bart.,
F.S.A 39

IsoiBED Markings ok the PniAfis of some Sussex Chl-rcheb.

By H. Michell-Whitlep, Esq., F.G.S. (Illustrated) .... 43

"Wist Gewstead Chcticb and the Eecent Dibcotebieb in thb

Edifice. By /. Lewis Afidri, Esq^., F.S.A. (Illustrated) 46

Bbikp Notices on Monastic and Ecclesiastical Costume, Br

Sir George Dtickett, Bart., F.S.A 60

Ubmoibs of Mb8. Oldfield, by Her Son, and Notices of tee
Neioubourhood of Oldfield Lawti, from 1785 to 1808;
WITH AN Account of the Adtiiob. By the Scv. F. H.
Arnold, M.A., LL.B. (Illustrated) 83

Pkdioeee AND Genealooical MeiioraJi'da kelatinq to the
Family of Peiaatt, of Steyning, &o. (Pari I.) By
Maberly Phillips, Esq. (With Peilitjree, Arms and Illus-
trations) 99

The Uucnib Rock Hermitaoe at ^.^STIN0^. By G. Bt/rtg

Qattie., Esq. (IllustraUd) 129

A Calendab op tice Deeds and otugb Bocl'uents in the
Possession of the Sussex Arch^olooicai. Society (Con-
tinued from Vol. XXXVII.) By £. H. W. Dunkin, Esq. 137

VI. CONTENTS.

PAOB

Some ExntACiB, Belaxdto to Sussex, froic the Exchequer
Special Oommissioes, Ac., nr 1584, ftc. Bt Alexander

James FenUm^ Esq 141

DnooTEET OF Boicaeo-Beitish Bemains eeas Green Street,
Eastbouree. Bt H. Michell -Whitley, Esq., F.O.S.

(lUustraUd) 160

Notes oe the Traditiokal Coxkexiok of the Sussex and the
0i:x>ucESTER8HiRE Famujes of Selwyk. Bt the Bev. B.

H. Codrington, D.D. (Vicar of Wadhurst, Sussex) 163

OUEDEEDA, OOUETESS OF WaREKKE ; A PaRTDTO WoRD ABOUT

Her. Bt Sir George Duckett, Bart., F.S.A 166

IicpoBTABT Discovert of Akolo-Saxok Bemaiks at Kingston,

Lewes. Goufji^kd bt John Sawyer 177

Notes oe Arueoton Church, Sussex. Bt Charles E. Powell,

Esq., Architect. (Illustrated) 184

Obttuart : The Late William Smith Ellis, Esq 189

Notes and Queries : —

Dedication of the Parish Church of Oving 193

William Bidge's Observations of Astronomical Phenomena 194

An Engagement Bing 194

Silver Denarius of Vespasian, found in Chichester 195

The Free Chapel, Hastings, A.D. 1343 196

Extract from the Will of Sir William Wetherden, Vicar

of Bodiam, A.D. 1513 196

Heraldry and Sussex Monument 197

Lewes Priory 198

Discoveries at Pevensey 198

Portions of Old Walls found at Lewes. (Illustrated) 200

The Questling Begisters 201

Find of a Chichester Token at Eastbourne 201

Chid Boman Coin found at Seaford 202

Bowl of Sussex Ware 202

Buncton Chapel 203

Belies from St. Pancras* Priory, Lewes 205

Hadlsham Church and the Civil War 205

Christian Names of Two Sussex Martyrs 206

Extracts from the Parish Begisters of Newtimber, Sussex,

relating to the Families of Bellingham and Woodcock 206

CONTENTS. VU.

PAOB

Puritamcal Names in Sussex 209

Boman Com Mortar. (With Sketch) 209

Great Frost of 1684 210

Portrait of Queen Elizabeth, discovered at Coolham 210

Old Sussex Needlework 211

On the Landing of Ella and his Softs 211

Pottery (Broken) found near Lewes 213

ArrowSf Horseshoes and Nails of Sussex Manufacture .... 214

A Mediaval Sussex Belie 214

Fragments of a Sussex Almanack, A,D. 1607 215

St. Nicholas* Church, Brighton, (Illustrated) 216

A Sussex Yew Tree 216

On the Site of Portus Adumi and the Biver Adur 217

A Brighton Accident in 1808 221

Belie at an Old Brighton Inn 222

Worthing v. Tarring in 1789 223

Encaustic Tiles at Dureford Abbey and Selbome Priory . . 224

Belies of Mediaval Lewes 224

Discoveries at Friston Church 225

Belies of Ancient Lewes 225

Treasures found at Hastings 226

A Sussex Shepherd^s Gift 226

The Pendrell Family 227

The Poyning^s Pedigree 227

A Correction *. 227

The Bidge Family 228

^^ Sussex Archaological Collections " 228

IlTDEX 229

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

■♦■

TO FACB PAGE

MtTBAL PADrroros fobmebly at Horsham CHrmoH 16

Maf of ToinrcBEEP Ain> Neiohboubhood 24

Aarcnan Cobxish Cboss m the Makob Hottse Obounds, East-

BOUBITE 36

IVCISED MaBKINOS ON PiLLABS OF SOME SuSSEX ChUBCHES 44

West Obinstead Chuboh 56

Oldfield Lawn, Sussex 83

Oldfisld Abms 84

Pbllatt Pedigbee 112

Mbmobial Bbass in Abdinolt Chttboh 120

MiNNis Book Hebmitaoe, Hastings 130

Plan of Minnis Eock Hebmitaoe, Hastings 131

Thbee Blaok Abohes, Minnis Eock Hebmitaoe, Hastings . . 135

Bomano-Bbitish Bemains, Eastboubne 160

Plan of Supposed Saxon Cemeteby, Kingston, Lewes 178

Mode of Saxon Sepultube 179

St. Panobas Chuboh, Abungton (Sketches) 184

„ M n (Plan) 188

Sttpposed Tbaces of St. Andbew's Chubch, Lewes 200

boman oobn mobtab 209

Cabving on Finial of Chancel Screen, St. Nicholas' Chubch,

Bbighton 216

J^ITXr^iaY, 1892.

Sussey Htcbaeolootcal Societie.

LIST OF OFFICERS.

)Pre0t))ient :
}Jtce«)Pre0i))ient0 :

THE DUKE OF NORFOLK, E.M., K.G.
THE MARQUESS OF ABERGAVENNY, K.G., LORD LIEUTENANT

AND GUSTOS ROT.

THE EARL OF ASHBURNHAM.

THE EARL OF CHICHESTER.

THE EARL DE LA WARR.

THE EARL OF EGMONT.

THE EARL OF SHEFFIELD.

VISCOUNT GAGE.

THE LORD BISHOP OF CHICHESTER.

LORD BRABOURNE.

LORD COLCHESTER, F.S.A.

LORD MONK BRETTON.

LORD ZOUCHE.

THE RIGHT HON. THE CHANCELLOR OF THE EXCHEQUER, M.P.

THE HON. SIR WILLIAM GRANTHAM.
COL. SIR WALTER BARTTELOT BARTTELOT, BART., C.B., M.P.

SIR HENRY FLETCHER, BART., M.P.

THE REV. SIR GEORGE CROXTON SHIFFNER, BART., M.A.

THE REV. CANON CAREY H. BORRER, M.A.

THE REV. E. B. ELLMAN, M.A.

THE REV. JOHN GORING, M.A.

THE REV. ROSE FULLER WHISTLER, M.A.

C. G. S. FOLJAMBE, ESQ., M.P., F.S.A.

WILSON NOBLE, ESQ., M.P.

J. G. BLENCOWE, ESQ.

H. MASCALL CURTEIS, ESQ.

H. W. FREELAND, ESQ., M.A.

ROBERT HENRY HURST, ESQ.

EDWARD HUSSEY, ESQ.

F. A. INDERWICK, ESQ., Q.C.

MONTAGUE D. SCOTT, ESQ.

T. C. THOMPSON, ESQ.

f^onorarg Ztvcttrntsi:

Fkancis Ba&ohard, Esq., Honted Place^ UckfUld.
Hbkry Griffith, Esq., F.S.A., Mon^llier Lodge, Brighton,

Cteastttet:

Gso. MoLiNBVx, Esq., Old Banky Lewea.

ffbttot of CoIIictions :

HnniT Gbiffith, Esq., F.S.A., 47, Old SUyne, Brighton.

c«

LIST OP OFFICEB8.

INh. Csntft tall l Atnian :

TATMft Pnum, Eta., 2, S<. iitm's Fittot, Lctect.

Gttii^ JKcmIcqi if CouuiiiUcc:

CArr^UBr F. W, T. AmMK, B.E.
T. I$f. Lacm Blaajcw^ Eta., J.P.

Claioks, Rio,, F^.A.

JoHX Clat Ltcas, Eta., F^JL
ILudR H. Moumrx, F.6^.
Rbt. Chaxckllor W. D. Pi

-•«»,

C. Lnnox Pbcccx, Esq., FJLA.S.

W. A. Rapkk, Esq.

R. Gaulawat Rxcb, Esq.

6. A. Wall», Esq., J.P.

H. Michkll-Whitlst, Esq.

CUrfc aiib CoIIcctot:

Xft. Jotor Sawtwm., the Sodetj's librazj, Lewes Castle,

Who is amtkonsed to reeeice 8ub§eriptums, and to whom all communioaHons

retpeeimg Unpaid 8ub§eripiums and the delivery of Volumes should be addressed.

AUendance will be given at the Library on Tuesdays from Two till Five.

LOCAL HON. SECRETARIES.

RsT. G. A. ChAMtuwm, H.A Amberley.

^ntiibcl.
Giomoi P. Hounes, Eta. Worthing,

^rifiitiyii.
HmT Gbhtith, Esq., F.8.A 41, Old SUyne, Brighton,

Chulusttr.
Est. F. H. Akvold, LL.B Emsworth,

Citpfoib.
W. BoBBBft, Eta., M.A., F.L.8 Cowfold,

€ntkfUlh,
RsT. Camou J. H. Coorm Cuckfield,

€a0tb0itnu.
H. M. Emabt, Esq Eastbourne,

J^0r0ham.
J. Lkwis Axvmk, Esq., F.8.A Horsham,

Chaslm James Daiktkit, Esq Market Place, Petworth.

W. Dawbs, Esq. Wannock, Bye,

'^nnbx'ibqt SStdU.
C. W. PowBLL, EnQ Speldhursty Tunbridge Wells.

BckiUlb.
Chaslm DAWtosr, Esq., F.G.S Uckfield.

Wirtlunf.
Hbbiibht E. Huwwvt, Ynta Park Boad, Worthing.

EULES.

1. The Society shall be called the " Sufisez Archaeological Society,"
and shall avoid all topics of religious or political controversy, and shall
remain independent of, though willing to co-operate with, similar
societies by friendly communication.

2. Every candidate for admission shall be proposed by one Member,
and seconded by another, and elected by the Committee by ballot at
any of their meetings. One black ball in five to exclude.

3. The Committee shall have power to elect as an Honorary Member
any person (including foreigners) likely to promote the interests of the
Society. Such Honorary Member shall not pay any entrance fee or
subscription, shall not exercise the privilege of an ordinary Member
as to voting at the meetings or the proposal of candidates, and shall
be subject to re-election annually.

4. The annual subscription shall be ten shillings payable on
admission, and afterwards on the 1st day of January in each year.
ISght pounds may be paid in lieu of the annual subscription, as a
composition for life.

5. All Members shall on their election pay an entrance fee of ten
shillings.

6. Every new Member shall have his election notified to him by the
Clerk, and shall be required to remit the amoimt due from him to the
Treasurer, George Molineux, Esq., Old Bank, Lewes, within one month
of his election.

7. No Member shall participate in any of the benefits of the Society
until he shall have paid his subscription, and, if a new Member, his
entrance fee.

8. If the sum due from a new Annual Member under the preceding
Bules be not paid within one month from the date of his admission, if
he be in the United Kingdom— or if abroad, within two months — ^the
Committee shall have power to erase his name from the list of Members ;
but they shall have power to reinstate him on his justifying the delay
to their satisfaction.

XIL RULES.

9. The name of every Member failing to pay his subscription due
on the Ist January in each year shall be placed in the Barbican on the
l«t ICarch ; and if the subscription be not paid on or before the Ist
August, if the defaulter shall be resident in Great Britain or Ireland,
or within one month after his return, if he shall have been abroad, he
shall cease to be a Member of the Society, and his name shall be erased
from the books, unless he can justify the delay to the satisfaction of
the Committee. Any Member intending to withdraw his name from
the Society shall give notice in writing to the Clerk on or before the 1st
January of his intention to do so, otherwise he shall be liable for the
current year's subscription.

10. As the payment of his subscription will entitle a Member to
enjoy every benefit of the Society, so it will distinctly imply his sub-
mission to the Kules for the time being in force for the government of
the Society.

1 1 . Two General Meetings of the Society shall be held in each year.
The first general meeting shall be held on the Thursdat precedino
Lady Day at the Barbican, Lewes Castle, at 12.30, when the Com-
mittee shall present their annual re|>ort and accounts for the past year,
and not less than 12 members shall be elected to act on the Committee
for the succeeding year, any proposed alteration of the Bules shall be
considered, and other business shall be transacted. The second general
meeting shall be held on the Second Thursday in August, at some
place rendered interesting by its antiquities or historical associations.

12. A Special General Meeting may be summoned by the Honorary
Secretaries, at such place as the Committee may determine, on the
requisition, in writing, of Five Members, or of the President, or Two
Vice-Presidents specifying the subject to be brought forward for
consideration at such meeting, and that subject only shall be then
considered and resolutions passed thereon.

13. At all Meetings of the Society or of the Committee the resolu-
tions of the majority present and voting, shall be binding.

14. No alteration shall be made in the Kules except at the General
Meeting in March. No proposed alteration shall be considered unless
four months' previous notice thereof, in writing, shall have been given
to the Committee. No subject shall be discussed more than once in
each year, except with consent of the Committee.

15. Meetings for the purpose of reading papers and the exhibition
'ntiquities may be held at such times and places as the Committee

letermine.

RULES. XIU.

16. All the afifairs of the Society shall be managed by a Committee.

a. The Committee shall consiBt of the President, Vice-Presidents,
the Honorary Secretaries, the Treasurer, the Honorary Curator and
Librarian, the Local Honorary Secretaries and not less than 1 2 Members
(who shall be elected at the General Meeting in March). A month's
notice should be given of the intention of any Member to nominate a
gentleman as a Member of Committee, and the names of those pro-
posed placed in the Library, together with that of the pix)poser and
seconder. Notice of such nominations to be sent to all Members of
the Committee.

b. The Committee shall meet at Lewes Castle on the Thursdays
preceding the usual Quarter Days, at 12 o'clock, and at such other
times as the Hon. Secretaries may determine. Three Members of the
Committee shall form a quorum.

c. The Committee shall at their first meeting after the Annual
Meeting in March appoint a sub-committee to manage the financial
department of the Society's affairs. Such sub-committee shall at each
quarterly meeting of the General Committee submit a report of the
liabilities of the Society, when cheques signed by three of the Members
present shall be drawn on the Treasurer for the same. The accounts
of the Society shall be submitted annually to the examination of two
auditors who shall be elected by the Committee from the general body
of the Members of the Society.

d. The Conmiittee shall at their first meeting after the Annual
Meeting in March appoint an Editor of the Society's Volume, and
the Editor so appointed shall report the progress of the Volume at the
Quarterly Meetings of the Conmiittee.

e. The Committee may appoint any Member Local Secretary for the
town or district where he may reside, in order to facilitate the collection
of accurate information as to objects of local interest ; such Local
Secretaries shall be ex-officio Members of the Committee.

REPORT FOR 1889.

The Committee, while glad to be able to congratulate the Members of
the Sussex Archaeological Society upon the progress made, in several
respects, during the past year, feel it to be their duty to call attention
to the position of the Society, and to the special need that exists, just
at the present time, for hearty co-operation and increased interest in
its claims, in order that its prosperity and prestige may be maintained.

There are at present in connection with the Society 568 Members
(471 ordinary, 87 life, and 10 honorary Members). Our Society is in
correspondence with 31 kindred societies, whose transactions are, in
most cases, received regularly in exchange for our "Collections."
The number of new Members elected during 1889 was 24 ; the losses
were 38, namely, by death 1 1 (one life and ten ordinary Members) ;
15 Members withdrew from the Society during the year ; while the
names of 12 others were erased from the list — their subscriptions being
in arrear for many years, or their addresses being imknown. It will
thus be seen that there is a slight falling off in the total membership
as compared with 1888, a state of things which, while not satisfactoiy,
the Committee feel assured could soon be remedied by the Members
making the advantages offered by the Society known to their friends,
especially to those residing in the county.

The most serious feature, however, in the present condition of the
Society's affairs is the irregular manner in which the subscriptions are
paid by a large proportion of the Members. The Committee are con-
stantly hindered in their efforts to carry on the work and to develop
the scope of the Society's operations by the neglect on the part of so
many of the rule providing that all subscriptions should be paid on
the 1st of January in each year. The following facts will show to how
large an extent the rule referred to is disregarded, and will explain
why the Committee have felt compelled to call special attention to it.
Besides other arrears — but a small proportion of which can reasonably
be expected to be collected — 89 members still owe their subscriptions
for 1888; there are 162 who have not paid for 1889, while no less than
266 Members had not, up to March 18th, paid for the present year,
although their subscriptions were due on the 1st of January, 1890.
It will thus be seen that a sum exceeding £250 is due to the Society,

REPORT FOR 1889. XV.

aa amount that, if collected, would enable the Conuuittee to make
many improvements in the conduct of the Society's affairs, while it
would greatly help to relieve them from anxiety,

Tho present volume of the Society's "Collections" {i.e., Vol,
XXXVn.) will, it is believed, be found to compare Eavourably wiUi
many of those which have preceded it.

The Annuai, Meetinq of the Society took place at Petworth on
August the 23Td, and was a very successful and enjoyable gathering,
the weather being delightfully fine. The day's proceedings included
a drive through Arundel, Bignor and Burton Parks ; visits to the
relebrated remains of the Anglo-Roman Villa at Bignor, to Bignor
Church, to Burton Church and House, to Petwortli Church and to
Petworth House.

The Annttai. Diskeb took place at tho Half Moon Hotel, Petworth,
and was presided over by J, Heywood Johnstone, Esq., who waa sup-
ported by the Lord Bishop of the Diocese, and a large niunber of
other Members and friends.

The hearty thanks of the Committee Bre due to our Vice-President,
the Duke of Norfolk, for thntwing open Arundel Park ; Lord Lecon-
fiold, for tlirowiug open Petworth House with its large and celebrated
collection of pictures, sculptures, porcelain and wood carvings ; to J.
He3'wood Johnstone, Esq., for presiding at the dinner; to A. J. W.
Biddulph, Esq., for throwing open Burton Park and House; to George
Edward Fos, Esq., for his paper on the Angto-Homan Villa at Bignor ;
and to many others who contributed to the success of the Annual
Meeting. It should be placed on record here, too, that at Petworth
Mr. Richard Tupper, the proprietor o£ the Bignor Pavemouts, was
elected as an Honorary Member of our Society, in recognition of the
services he has rendere<l to archceology in Susses, "in carefully pre-
I serving these fine tesselated pavements for so many years and at
arable pecuniary lose ; whilst most of the remains of a similar
1 have been demolished almost as soon as they have been

The desirability of again restoring the "JjongMan" of Wilmington

was brought under tho Society's notice during the past year, ond

I having, at tlie request of His Grace the Duke of Devonshire, under-

I taken to superiutend the work, a visit was poid by the Society to

Wilmington on October the 1 2th. A special meeting of the Committee

H held on November 5th, when a resolution was passed authorising,

as an esperiment, a portion of the figure to be treated with rammed

XVI. REPORT FOR 1889.

chalk, but, as a special report will probably be presented to the Society,
it will not be necessary to refer at greater length here to the subject of
the restoration.

During the year the Society has sustained loss by the lamented
death of Frederick William Cosens, Esq., F.S.A., of the Shelleys,
Lewes. Mr. Cosens was a life member and joined the Society in 1867.
The sad death of Mr. Simeon Norman, of London Eoad, Burgess Hill,
also calls for notice. Mr. Norman, who had been a Member since
1868, rendered useful service to the Society as one of our honorary
photographers. The views illustrating the paper on the Caroline relics
at Ashbumham House, in Vol. XXXVI., "S. A. C," were furnished
by him. The Rev. Hose Fuller Whistler, late Vicar of Ashbumham,
having removed to Peterborough, has intimated his wish to retire from
the Committee, of which while resident in Sussex he was so useful and
energetic a member.

In closing this report, the Committee feel that a reference should be
made to the great improvements which the Hon. Curator and Librarian
(C. T. Phillips, Esq.), is effecting in the Society's Museum and Library;
and they also desire to thank that gentleman and Messrs. Haines,
Earp, Scammell, Major de Bobeck and others for gifts of books, prints,
paintings, curios, &c., for the Museum and Library, and thus helping
to make them complete in objects and books relating to our county.

Lewes Castle,

March, 1890.

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REPOKT FOR 1890.

In presenting their report of the work of the Sitssex Abohjeolooioal
Society for 1890, the Committee are glad to state that in sereral
directions gratifying progress has been made. In 18dO, 34 new
Members were elected. At present there are 580 on the books (484
ordinary, 87 life and nine Hon. Members).

The Society lost, in the course of 1890, one life Member, two hon.
and five ordinary Members by death and 13 by withdrawal, but, after
allowing for these losses, there remained a net increase of 13 Members
at the close of the year.

In the Report for 1889 special reference was made to the large
number of subscriptions in arrear. The Committee have now -the
satisfaction of stating that a considerable proportion of these arrears
has been collected, as will be seen on referring to the Statement of
Accounts appended to this Report.

The Annual Meeting of the Society took place on Thursday,
Aug^t 14th, 1890, when Seaford, East Blatchington, Bishopstone and
Newhaven were visited by a large number of the Members and their
friends, and a most delightful day was spent.

The Dinner, which took place at the London and Paris Hotel,
Newhaven Harbour, was presided over by our President, the Bight
Hon. Viscount Hampden, O.C.B. (Lord Lieutenant of Sussex), and
was a great success. The Churches of Seaford, East Blatching^n,
Bishopstone and Newhaven were visited, and their special features of
archaeological interest pointed out. At Seaford an excursion was made
to the *' Eoman Camp '' on the Cliff above the town, the remains of
which were described by our Hon. Curator (C. T. Phillips, Esq.) and
visits were paid to the remains of the Crypt, to the Town Hall and to
the Martello Tower ; while at Newhaven the visitors were conducted
over the Harbour and Pier.

The hearty thanks of the Society are due to the members of the
Local Committee for the admirable arrangements made by them for
the reception of the Society, and while grateful to all who contributed
in any degree to the most successful cartying out of the day's proceed-
ings, the Committee would specially mention the services rendered by

REPORT FOR 1890. XIX.

the Vicar of Seaford (the Rev. W. H. M. Buck), the Eev. A. J.
Bichardson (Rector of East Blatching^n), E. J. Oorrmge, Esq., F.
Dale Banister, Esq., and Allen Sarle, Esq., Secretary and Oeneral
Manager to the L.B. and S.C. Railway Company.

In 1890, Vol. XXXVn. of the Society's "Collections" was published
and issued to the Members.

Among the more prominent Members of the Society removed by
death during 1890, mention should be made of Charles Roach Smith,
1^., F.S.A., the distinguished archaeologist, who died on August 2nd.
This gentleman, who was elected an Hon. Member of our Society in
1853, took a deep interest in the welfare of the Society and contributed
to our " Collections.'' William Smith Ellis, Esq., who died on March
22nd, was a Member from 1850 till the time of his death. He con-
tributed several valuable papers to our "Collections," the last of
which were not published till just after his lamented death, and he lefb
several MS. books and other volumes, containing extracts from Sussex
Registries and many different sources — representing the labour of years
— ^to our Society. The late Crawford J. Pocock, Esq., was a member
of our Society for 20 years. The late H. Campkin, Esq., F.S.A.,
was an Honorary Member for 30 years, compiled the valuable Index
to the first 25 volumes of our " Collections," and was a most useful
Member. Mr. Oeorge Homewood, who died in December last, had
been a Member since 1886, and although not directly a contributor to
our volumes, this gentleman, who had an intimate acquaintance with
the history of Sussex, gave a great deal of useful information to
individual Members of the Society.

In closing this Report, the Committee desire to call attention to the
great improvements made during the year in the Museum and Library
by the energetic labours of C. T. Phillips, Esq., our Hon. Curator and
Librarian, to whom the best thanks of the Society are due. It is
satisfactory to notice in this connection that a larger number of persons
visited the Museum in 1890 than in any previous year, and that the
Library was more resorted to than usual for reference and research.

Lewes Castle,

19th March, 1891.

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REPORT FOR 1891.

I>UBiKO tlie year that has elapsed since the last Keport of tlie Com-
mittee of the SwBHOx Archtcological Society wae pres^iiited, there
have been several discuveries in SusBex of considerable antiquarian
importance, and some pains have been taken in order to include a
record of these in our " Collections. " Foremost in interest is the
series of discoreries in the parish of Kingston, Lewes, the results of
which, in consequence of the liberality and public spirit of the owner
of the site of finds (A.ubrey Hillman, Esq.), now enrich our Museum.

In the paper relating to these Anglo-Saxon remainH, little has been
done beyond giving n detailed account of the various intermentA
unearthed, and indicating two suggested theories, one that " Saxon-
bury " should bo regarded as a cemetery ; the other that it should be
looked upon as a battle field. It may be that some of the Members
of the Society will be able, from the data supplied by the particulars
given and a careful examinatiou nf the remains, to arrive at some
conclusion that will place the question beyond dispute. It seems
remarkable that, so far as is known, the only two considerable dis-
coveries of Anglo-Saxon remains in Lewes shoidd have been made at
points so widely apart as Southover and Mulling Hill.

The recent restoration of Arlington Parish Phurch has revealed
features of peculiar interest, and if it is yet too early to admit the
claim of those who would assign to this building a higher antiquity
than that of any other church in the county, it is clear that portions of
the fabric are at least pre-Norman. A brief paragraph will be found
in "Notes and Queries" of this volume of our "Collections" relating
to discoveries made during the rosti)ration of Friston Pariah Chuith,
which seem to have been of unusual interest. It is a matter for regret
that our Society appears to have had no notice of these discoveries
until the completion of the work of rttstoratiun. A detailed description
of Friston Church, in the new light cast upon its early history liy the
(liecoveries mentioned, would form an acceptable and instructive paper
for a future volume of the "Collections."

One feature of the post year that has proved at once gratifying and

embarrassing, is the large number of applications received by the

I Secretary for information upon a variety of matters more or less

XXU. REPORT FOR 1891.

connected with ^Hhe study of the past," a proof that the Sussex
ArchsBological Society is becoming more widely known ; but many of
the enquiries have been such as could be answered, if at all, only
after long and patient research.

It may not be out of place here to remind Members that our Library
has been much improved during the past year and now contains a
considerable number of works of reference, which can at any time be
consulted.

A series of original sketches, by James Lambert, of the details of
Herstmonceux Castle before it was dismantled, which had been in the
possession of the Society for some time, has been carefully mounted
and placed in a portfolio by Somers Clarke, Esq. The Committee
have had a bequest of a plaster bust of the late W. Durrant Cooper,
Esq., from his sister, the late Miss Lucy Anne Cooper.

The Annual Meeting took place on the 13th of August last, and as
it was held upon one of the very few perfectly fine days of a specially
wet autumn, was a most enjoyable occasion. Steyning, "Wapping-
thome, Buncton and Wiston, were visited in succession and in the
order named. The thanks of the Society are due to all who helped
to make the proceedings pass off so pleasantly, but especially to the
Bev. John (Coring, for his kindness in throwing open Wiston House to
the Members and their friends, and for presiding at the Annual
Dinner, which was held in a marquee in Wiston Park.

Notwithstanding the prevailing epidemic of the past year, the
number of Members of the Society remains almost identically the
same as when the last report was presented, the losses by death or
withdrawal being as nearly as possible balanced by the accession of
new members. The arrears of subscription have not been closely
collected, although special attention has been directed to this matter.
Some 150 subscriptions due on January 1st, 1891, are still unpaid,
and considerably more are owing for 1892, a state of things that is
not only unsatisfactory, but one that hampers the Committee in any
effort to improve the working of the Society.

Amongst the losses the Society has sustained by death during the
year special reference must first of all be made in this report, of the
decease of our late President, the Eight Honourable Viscount Hampden,
O.C.B., the Lord Lieutenant of the County, which sad event happened
on Tuesday, March 15th, at Pau, in the 78th year of his age. Con-
nected with our Society since 1 850, Lord Hampden became its President
in succession to the late Earl of Chichester. One of the beet remem-

REPORT FOR 1891. XXIU.

bered of Lord Hampden's public services on behalf the Sussex
Archaeological Society was the able way in which he presided over the
very successful meeting at Newhaven, in August, 1890.

Special mention should also be made to the loss our Society has
suffered by the death of one of the Vice-presidents, his Grace the
Duke of Devonshire, K.O., on the 21st December, 1891. The late
Duke was one of the earliest Members of the Society, having joined
it in 1846.

In 1891, also, the lamented death occurred of F. E. Sawyer, Esq.,
F.S.A., a Member of our Committee, who was a most valuable and
industrious contributor to our ^^Collections." His loss at so early an
age was greatly regretted by the Members of our Society.

It has been suggested that during this year a visit should be paid
to Silchester. An offer has been made by one of our Honorary
Members, W. H. St. John Hope, Esq., to conduct the Members of the
Sussex ArchsBological Society over the excavations at Silchester, if a
visit to that interesting place can be arranged for during the ensuing
sunmier.

Lewes Castle,

March 24th, 1892.

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ADDITIONS TO LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
DURING YEAR 1890.

■♦■

MBRABT: GIFTS.

Vols.

"Chm<jhPlate, Co. Of Dorset." Nightingale, J ^^ ^^^^ ^^^j^^^ ^ ^ ^

Catalogue of '' Tudor Exhibition" (1) ; Weever^s \

"Funeral Monuments " (1) ; << Notitia Monas- ( n^ n rr t> a

tica." Tanner (1) ; " History of England to ( ^^ ^- ^- ™«^n*8 • *

1788" (1). Raymond /

" Poems by Hurdis, Rev. J., D.D." ... By Rev. G. P. Twycboss . 3

"Naval Commissioners, 1660-1760, with His- ) ^^ .,.„., . ,

torical Notes." Duckett, Sir G. P. . J uy tne Author . . . 1

« Official Year Book of Sdentifle and Learned]
Societies" (1); "Curiosities of the Church."/

Andrews, Wm. (1) ; "The Minster of Minster I «-. tt,v„^ n.T«.^» t?*.^ k
in Thanet." Gall, Rev. P. (1) ; " Chichester f ^^ ^"•'**^ Griffith, Esq. 5
Diocesan Calendar, 1890" (1); "Old Thnel
Punishments." Andrews, Wm. (1). . .J

" The^BaronB War." Blaauw, W. H. Irt ed., | g^ ^ ^ p^^ ^ ^

" Catalogue Old Pumiture, &c., Wakehurst )
Place" (1) ; "Brighton Handbook and Guide." | By Mr. John Sawyu . 2
Sawyer, Jno. (1) )

"oS*^l)."^ ."' ^: ^: *^'"'. ^:} By Captain McwuT . 1

"Drawings, Priory Church of Boxgrove." ) ^^^*,^ a.*,^. ,

Ridge^Xaijy, W., Esq. (1) • • • ) By the Author . . . 1

" Calendar of Wills, 1258, 1688, proved in Court ) By Corporation aty of

of Hustings " (1) / London. . . . 1

Vols. 20

Pamphlets, Deeds, &o.

Reports (3), Lewes Wool Pair, Lord Sheffield, )

1812, 1813, 1818 ; 1 Sussex Pine Roll, 1561-2 | By C. L. Prince, Esq.
(parchment) ; 5 Old Newspapers, 1759, 1814 . )

4 Pamphlets ; " Seals Bishops of Salisbury, &c. ;" \

" Seals of Cornwall ; "Walls of Chester, &c. ;" ( ^^ ,, tt.^,„„„,^ t?^
1 Pamphlet, " Ephemeris Epigraphica-Roman ( ^^ * • ^iavbbfield, h^.
Inscriptions in Great Britain." P. Haverfield. /

1 Pamphlet, " Notes Hist. & Typo. Eastbourne." )
H. M. Wldtley ; 16 Pamphlets, Archseo., con- 5 By H. MicHSLL-WHrrLBY, Esq.
tributed to Roy. Lwt. of Cornwall. H.M.W. . )

15 Lewes Poll Books, 1734, 1865 ; Election Squibs \
and Song ; 4 Pree Pardons ; 3 Remissions ; 2 ( ^_ ^^^ j>^^ r««^oo^-^
Gaol Cafeidars; 2 Respites ; Committal, &c. ^^ ^^' ^^"- Cbosskbt.
(re Sussex) /

" Ball Play, OJibway Indians." Hoffman, W. J. By the Author.

Catalogues Collection Plate ; Objects of Art ; \
MSS. ; Drawings ; Autographic Letters, &c., of > By Capt. Murray.
F. W. Coeens, Esq. (late) )

XXVI.

ADDITIONS TO UBRARY, 1890.

LIBRARY: PURCHASES.

** Typo. Accounts of Worthing." Sheanmith, J. 1821 (1) ; « Poetical Works,
C. Crocker," 1860 (1) 2

'' Poetical Scr^." Bickman, J. Clio. 1803 (2) ; '' Brit. Arch. Association,
Winchester Congress, 1845 " (1) 3

" ArchfiBological Journal," Vol. 7 (1); "Harmony Doctrine of Faith."
Mainaid. (Mayfield), 1674 (1) 2

'' Sketch Rye, Winchilsea, Hastings, &c." Stockdale (1) ; *' Handbook Sea-
f Old Past and Present." Banks, W., 1890 (1) 2

** Dom. Book Returns Owners Land, Middx." Barter, W. E. (1) ; " Wright's
Court Hand Restored," 1776 (1) 2

"Diary and Correspondence, Pepys,Sam., 1659-1703" (1) ; " Martyrs Omitted
byPoxe.** Miss Caulfield (1) 2

" Chambers' Book of Days " (2) ; " Archceologia," Vols. 5, 7, 9, 10, 11 (5) ;
" Western Antiquary," Vols. 4, 5 (2) 9

" Collins' Peerage of England," 1768 (7) ; "Collins' Baronetage" (2); "United
Arch. Socs., Bedford, &c.," Vol. 6 (1) 10

" Hist, and Antiq., Petworth." Arnold, P. H., Rev. (1) ; "Ditto of Arundel."
Rev. Canon Tiemey, M.A. 1834 (2) ; " Ditto Horsham." Dudley, H. (1) . 4

" Glimpses of Our Ancestors in Sussex." Fleet, C. (2) 2

Vols. 38

LIBRARY: By Exchange of Our ** Collbotions."

1 Vol. fo. " Public Records, Charters, &c."

" De Nova Villa, House of Nevill in Sunshine and ) r« o^ t> ,
in Shade." SwaUow, H. J 1 1.. l . i-hillips .

" Boscobel Tracts." Hughes, J., 1857 (1) . . .\t^ „ ri

" Medi. MUX. Architecture." Qark, G. T. (2) ,j^'^' ^^^ .

" Montgomeryshire Arch, and Hist. Society's ) q,^. x„
Transactions" | Society

" Essex Archaeological Society's Transactions"
" Norwich and Norfolk Society's Transactions"
" Royal Institution of Cornwall Transactions"
* ' Cambridge Antiquarian Society's Transactions ' '

ExeoAvosD wim Voea.

W. Hamilton Hall, Esq. 1

»»

. 1
. 3

. 12

. 2

. 9

. 7

. 12

Vols. 47

Total Number of Volumes for 1890

. 105 Vols.

Memorandum. — In addition to the foregoing are the current contributions from
Corresponding Societies, many of which are issued in parts, and are bound
when Volumes are completed, at varying dates.

CHAS. T. PHILLIPS,

Hon, Librarian.

ADDITIONS TO MUSEUM DUEING TEAE 1890.

MUSEUM: GIFTS.

A Leathern Bottel ; Copper Token, 1794, Ports-
mouth and Chichester ; Block of Sussex Marble ;

J^entsof Pottery and wmeNeoUthicFlintsA 3 ^ ^ Qcamuell, Esq.
from Newhaven Camp; 6 Iron Keys and 2^ ^ v.. ijvy^«««i.i., ^^o^.

Bale Irons, from Thames ; Collection Neolithic
Worked Flints, from Cissbury ....

Iron Cof&n and Shoe Nails, from Roman Graves, \
Birling; Portions of Urns, 1 Flint Muller, Burnt J By H. MicHBLL-WHrrLBY,Esq.
Com, from Meads, Eastbourne . ;

Impression of Seal of Brotherhood of St. Lazurus i «„ r t? n^,t«„«.^ -Cc^
ot Jerusalem in England | By J. E. Couchmak, Esq.

Ancient Sign of the "Vine" Inn, St. Ann's, ) ^ y Corvsr Em and his
Lewes, 16-16 Century, being a " Bacchus" of J "^ i' V^!!^ ' ^'*
Carved Oak . . ^^ . . . .) Brothers.

5 Encaustic Hearth Tiles, 16th Century . . By Mr. T. Simmons.

1 Flint Paleolithic Implement -By Arthur GRiFFrrn, Esq.

2 Sussex Iron Hinges, from 17th Century Presses By W. P. Breach, Esq.

15 Rubbings of Sussex Brasses ; 14 Shields of ^ ^ q, p Wnnnw av Fan
Sussex FamiUes Arms, coloured J uy i . i.. woodman, s^aq.

Portions of Pottery, Iron Spur, Boar's Tusks, | x>^ t„^ xc.^„,«,«am.««« -Po^
Bone Skewer, from site "uSicom" Inn, Lewe^ ) ^^ •^^^- Maxpibld Smith, Esq.

MUSEUM : LOAN.

Panel of Carved Oak Pulpit, given by Herbert Springett, Esq., in 1620 to Parish.

Lent by Churchwudens of St. Ann's, Lewes.

MUSEUM: PURCHASES.

2 Sussex Parish Constable's Staves, from Chiddingly and Hurstmonceux ; 1 ditto
Watohman's Horn Lantern, Set Felon's Leg Manacles, Lewes ; 1 Sussex
Labourer's Beer Keg, 1835, ''Snaphaunce" Gun Lock, Lewes; 1 Iron
Kettle Holder, Streat ; Hour Glass, 17th Century ; Leathern Bottel ; 1 Silver
Penny, Hen. III. (found Lewes) ; 4 Strips of Canvas with roughly-painted
Houses, Trees, &c., supposed for wall decoration, from St. Martin's Lane,
Lewes.

CHAS. T. PHILLIPS,

Hon. CuratoTf

ADDITIONS TO LIBRARY DURING YEAR 1891.

GIFTS.

" Chich. Dioc. Calendar," 1890 .
* * Old Time Punishments ' '
" Year-Book Learned Societies *'
" (Jeoffrey of Monmouth Chron."
Catalogues " Guelph V and ** Mily." Exhibitions
** Brambletje House "
** Whitelocke's Memorials "
" Foxe*s Book of Martyrs "
' * The Christian Soldier " .
** Our Parish," Illust. Photos. .
" Old Dom. Architecture in W. Surrey "
'* Chich. Dioc. Calendar," 3 years
„ „ „ 5 years
** Brit, and Rom. Antiq., N. Wilts," and Map
** Trans. Eastbourne Nat. Hist. Society " .
" The Antiquary," 96 Nos

OlTSV BT

H. Griffith, Esq.

t» 9t

C. T. Phillips

»» it

»» ft

▼OUL
1

2
3

Mr. £. I. Bakbr, Hail sham 1

»» »» »i •'■

Ralph Nbtill, Esq. . 1

Dean & Chapter Chichester 3

Francis Barchard, Esq. . 5

>» >> >> • *

JosBpH Farncombb, Esq. . 1

„ .16

»)

Vols. 41

Letters, M. A. Lower, 17 Deeds, 2 Mem. Books . Mr. W. J. Smith.

7 Arch£Bological Pamphlets . . . . F. W. Havbrfibld, Esq.

Kelly's Map Co. Sussex B. C. Scammbll, Esq.

BT EXCHANGE.

" Akerman's Arch. Index" ; ** Brand's Pop. Antiq."
2 Dup. Parts ** Un. Arch. Soc. Trans.," completing
" Western Antiquary," Vols. 2 and 3. (Ed.)

PUECHA8ES.

Sicklemore's " Hist. Brighton" ; " Churches of Ditto "...

** Dioc. Calendar," 3 years ; Dumassie's ** Weapons of War"

" Gentleman's Mag.," 1880, 1, 2 (6) ; Ditto various years (28 vols.)

Ditto, various years (21) ; ditto, 1781 (1)

Mantell's "Thoughts on a Pebble " (1) ; R. Lower, ** Stray Leaves " (1)
Bishop, " Brighton in the Past" (1) ; Akerman's "Ancient Coins" (1)
" Lost Rose" ;" Open Air" ;" Nature near London " .
Description " Bognor, 1806" ; Diplock, " Hastings Guide" .
Friend's "Brighton Almanack," 1890; "Excursion, Lond. to Brighton,"
" Picture Worthing," 1805 ; " School Geography, Sussex "...
Erridge, "Hist. Brighton" ; "Lond. and Middx. Arch. Soc. Trans.," Vol

Vou.
2

Vols. 6

Tou.
. 2

. 4

. 34

. 22

1813

IV.

2
2
3
8
8
2
2

ADDITIONS TO UBBARY, 1891. XXIX,

▼ms.
" Ancient Laws and Inst., Eng." (2) ; ''Lives Selden and Usher '* (1) . .3

« Oringdean Grange *' (1) ; '* Churches Brighton *' (2) ; Catalogue " Lewes
ESiibition " (1) 4

** M. A. Lower's Correspondence " (2) ; Bruce, " Hist. Brighton " (1) . .3

" ArchaBologia Cambraosis," Vol. XTV. (1) ; " Brighton Guide " (1) . .2

Thos. May, " Vict. Reign Ed. 3d," verse (1) ; " Retrospections." C. R. Smith.
Vol.1 2

" Pedigree of Powell Family " (1) ; " Excursions in Sussex," 1835 (1) . .2

"Archasologia," Vols. n.,Xn., XVI., XXXII 4

Vols. 97

GIFTS. — ^PlCTUEES, EXORAYINGS, &C.

202 Water Colour Drawings, Etchings, &c., by

Brooke By H. GaiFFrrH, Esq.

Sepia Drawing, Chichester Cathedral . . By F. Earp, Esq.

22 Engraved Portraits and Views (Suss.), and Map

of Lewes By W. Hainbs, Esq.

Engraved Portrait, Dr. Skinner (framed) . By Mr. W. J. Smtth.

3 Engraved Views, Sussex Edifices . . By R. G. Rice, Esq.

Engraved Portrait, Mr. Leighton, of Lewes . By W. Conlan, Esq.

3 Photos, Bishop's Prison, Uckfield . . • By Sturt Wilson, Esq.

3 Ditto, Sussex Edifices By C. T. Phillips.

1 Ditto, Wihnington Giant „ „

HONORARY MEMBERS.

1872. Arnold, Rev. F. H., ll.b., Hermitage, EniBworth.

1885. Hoffman, Dr. W. J., Smithsonian Institution, Washington, United States.

1883. Hope, WOliam Henry St. John, Esq., m.a., f.s.a., Burlington House,
Piccadilly, w.

1858. Nottingham, The Right Rot. the Bishop Suffragan of, d.d., f.s.a.,
Leasingham Rectory, Sleaford, Lincolnshire.

1850. Spurrell, Rev. F., m.a., Faulkboum Rectory, Witham, Essex.

1864. Semichon, Mons. Ernest, Avocat.

1889. Tupper, Mr. Richard, Bignor, near Pulborough, Sussex.

1S86.
1864.
1868.
1876.

1805.
1870.
1867.

187B.

imw.

1886.
1880,
188S.

•Abadie, Col. H. R., C.B., KfllyTmre, Armugh, Irelnud.

Abbott, Oporge, Esq.. m.k.c.a.. The Paiitl]e», Timbridge Wells (Hon. Sec.

Tuubridge Wells Natural IILttoiy and Antiqtiarian Society).
AbergaveimT, The Right Hon, the Marquet'B of, x.a., Kridge Catitln,

TWbridge WellB.
Adc, J. S., Esq.. Jlilton Court. Artiugton, Susnex.
Alchln, John, E«|,, HiiBthnll, Tunbrldge Wdld.
■AleiandeT, W. C., Edq.. Aubrey House, Camden Hill, Kennington.
Allen, Herbert J., Esq., 54, Cambridge Road, Brighton.
*Aiidr^, J. L., Gxq., v.s.jt.., t:!aroellii^. Hunt Road, Horsham, Sututex.
•Arbutluiot, W. K., E9i|., Flaw Hutch, Went HoatUj-, i^uiwd.
Ardlev, WilUam, Eki-. -il. Bufldnghiun Road, Brighton.
Arnold, E., Eiq,, White Hull. ChithoBter.

Ai-hbumham, Right Hon. Earl ol, Ashbumham Place, Buttle, Sussex.
Athcnvum Club. Pall Mall, Loudon, s.w.

Att«nborough. Rev. W. ¥,, Fletfhing Vioarage. I'cVfield, Sustiei.
•Atttee, Captoia F. W. T.. «,!., Royal EngineerB Division Offli*, Netlej-,
Attree, O,, Esq., 5, Richmond Tertuce, Brighton.

•Bat'on, Rev. Thomas, 3, Lyall Street, London, n.w.

BoIIg}'. Rev, Canon Heniy, n,ii,, Hcetiny. West Tarring, Hui»8ei.

Banistt?, F. Dale, Esq.. H.msrr.c.B., 8tonebotUM>, Forest Row, Hussex.

"Banks, Rev. G. W., Rectory, Worth, SusMa.

Barchatd, Elphinstonc, Esq., h.a.. Duddleswell, Uckfield, Sussex.

Borehutd, Fnuicu, Esq., Horsted Place, Uckfield, Sussex.

*Ban«n, E, J., Ewj., r.*.\.. 10, Kndsleigb Street, Tavistock Square,

London,
Bortlett, Rev. W. A., Vicarage, Wisborougb Qrecn, BiUingsborst, Sunsex,
Barttclot, Colonel Sir W. Barttelot, Bart.,c.B., v.r., Btopham. Fulborough,

•Bftrtteiot. Brian B., Esq., Ditton, Torquay.

Barwcll, Hev. A. H. 8,, (lapbam Rectoty, Worthing.

Bai. Alfred Ridley, Esq., Mariborough House, Balham Hill, »,*.

"Baiter, Wynue E., Esq.. f.o.s., r.u.o.»., Lewes.

Bvord, tS.. GHq., Hottingdean, Sussex.

Bodlord, Edward J., Esq,, 10. St. John's Terrace, Lewes.

Belcher, Rev, B., h.a., Vicunge, Bodiam, Hawkhurst.

Belcher, Rev. T, Hayes, Scbo^ House. Brightou College.

Bennett, Rev. Prebendary F. G., The Prebcndal House, Chichester.

Bennctt-Fleteher, Mrs. A. B., Carisbrooke VilU, 87. Upper Tulse Hill, *.«.

Bvmard. Dr. Fmncis B.. 45, Wonvitlc Street, Worthmg,

Bfynon, Rev. F. W., Alfrii^m Vicarage, Berwick, Sussex.

Bigg. K. F., Esq.. The Hyde, Slaughnm, near Crawley, Sunsci.

Bin-hill. Cupt. BiiBil Heme Harper, f.k.o."*., Upperton Villa, Eastbourne.

Bim-U. MIh. St, Uary's Hall, Knufi Town, Brighton.

Bishop, KdlDluicl, E«<i.. tastlegat*-, l*'weB,

Itlehop, M. H.. Ekj,, 'i, Gninveuor Koud, Wtstmimiter, s.w.

XXXI V. SUSSEX ARCIL£OLOGICAL SOCIETY.

1860. Blaauw, T. St. Leger, Esq., j.p., Beechland, Newick, Sussex.

1882. Blaker, Arthur Becket, Esq., Thoruberry, East Liss, Hants.

1882. Blaker, Evelyn Borrer, Esq., Great Strode, Beaminster, Dorset.

1887. Blaker, Frederick, Esq., Warwick Street, Worthing.

1871. Blakiston, Kev. Kalph Milbum, f.s.a., Anmdel Lodge, 44, Lanadowne

Koad, Croydon.

1846. Blencowe, J. G., Esq., Bineham, Chailey, Sussex.

1871. Blew, Kev. W. J., m.a., 6, Warwick Street, Pall Mall, London, s.w.

1873. Blunt, W. S., Esq., Crabbet Park, Worth, Three Bridges, Sussex.

1878. Bonnick, H., Esq., Lewes.

1846. Borrer, Rev. Canon Carey H., m.a.. Treasurer of Chichester Cathedral,

Hurstpierpoint, Sussex.

1846. Borrer, W., Esq., m.a., f.l.s., Cowfold, Horsham, Sussex.

1863. ♦Borrer, Lindfield, Esq., Henfield, Sussex.

1882. Boiurdillon, F. W., Esq., Kother Lea, Midhuri$t, Sussex.

1848. Bowles, Rev. Prebendary F. A., m.a.. Singleton, Chichester.

1863. ♦Boxall, W. P., Esq., j.p.. Belle Vue Hall, Kemp Town, Brighton.

1887. Braboume, Lord, Smeeth Paddocks, Ashford, Kent ; and 3, Queen Anne

Gate, Westminster.

1869. Braden, J. G., Esq., 166, High Street, Lewes.

1889. Bray, John, Esq., 13, South Colonnade, St. Leonards-on-Sea.

1890. Breach, Williani Powell, Esq., Newham House, Steyning, Sussex.

1852. ♦Bridger, E. K., Esq., Berkeley Houi^e, Hampton, Middlesex.
1857. Bridges, Rev. Canon A. H., Beddington House, (ioydon.

1882. Brix, Mens. Camille de (Conseiller 4 la Cour d' Appel), 13, Rue Victor
Hugo, Douai.

1888. Brooke, Edward, Esq., Ufford Place, Woodbridge.

1863. Brown, J. EUman, Esq., Buckingham Lodge, Shoreham, Sussex.
1873. Browne, H. S. Doughty, Esq., Tilgate Forest Lodge, Crawley, Sussex.

1879. Browell, Rev. J., South Nuttield, Rcdhill, Surrey.

1889. Brydone, Henry G., Esq., Petworth, Sussex.

1864. Buck, Rev. W. H. M., Vicarage, Seaford, Sussex.
1863. Buckell, Leonard, Esq., m.d., The Pallant, Chichester.
1892. Buckwell, John C, Esq., 3, New Road, Brighton.
1881. Burder, Mrs. Ellen, Park Dale, Battle, Sussex.

1891. BurreU, Captain Sir Raymond, Bart., Knepp Castle, Horsham, Sussex.

1853. Burton, Alfred, Esq., St. Lconards-on-Sea.

1870. Butler, Rev. J. B. M., Maresfield Rectory, Uckfield, Sussex.

1888. Campion, Rev. W. J. H., Keble College, Oxford.

1870. Campion, W. H., Esq., Danny Park, Hurstpierpoint, Sussex.

1863. Card, H., Esq., 10, North Street, I^wes.

1865. Cardale, Rev. E. T., Uckfield, Sussex.

1885. Carr-Lloyd, James Martin, Esq., Lancing Manor, Lancing, Sussex.

1866. Carter, Bonham W., Esq., Reform Club, Pall Mall, s.w.
1882. Catt, Miss Caroline, Meeching Place, Newhaven, Sussex.
1891. ♦Cave, J. P. Charles, Esq., Ditcham Park, Petersfield.
1860. Chambers, G. F., Esq., North Field Grange, Eastbourne.

1888. Champneys, Rev. F. W., Bayham Old Abbey, Lamberhurst, Kent.

1882. Chetwynd, Rev. Charles R. B., V^icaragc, Bracknell.

1852. ♦Chetwynd, Hon. IMrs. Charles, Gothic Lodge, Worthing.

1870. Chichester, the Right Rev. The Lord Bishop of, The Palace, Chichester.

1888. Chichester, the Right Hon. Earl of, Stanmer, Lewes.

1852. Chichester Library Society, Chichester.

1856. Chichester Literary Society and Mechanics' Institute, Chichester.

1881. Churton, Rev. Theodore T., Icklesham Vicarage, Rye, Sussex.

1878. Clark, J. C, Esq., 64, Middle Street, Brighton.

1890. Clarke, Charles, Esq., Boltro Road, Haywards Heath, Sussex.

1866. ♦Clwke, Somers, Esq., f.s.a., 15, Dean's Yard, Westminster, s.w

1846. Clarkson, Rev. G. A., m.a., Amberley, Sussex.

1879. Clayton, Charles E., Esq., 20, High Croft Villas, Brighton.

LIST OF MEMBEKS. XXSV.

1873. Cukayno, Q. E., Ewj,, m.a., f.s.a., C'uUogc of Arme. Quc«n Yictoria Street,
iJundon.

1889. Codrington. Bev. 11. H., o.v., Viiar of Wadhurrt, Suseoa.

1(H(«. Colchester, Lord, c.h.a.. W, Eaton ITJice, i.v. ; and Carltou Club.

1H56. *Colemiui, CarloH, Esq., Brcili.', tiuseux.

1B36. •Coles, J. H. C, Esq., Eartboume.

18«9. Collet, Uolding B., Esq., ShcUc; House, WortbinK.

1890. Cullinx, Broutou H,, Ehu., Dunorlan, Tunbridge Welle.
1850. Combe, Boyce Harvuy, Esq.. f.b.a., Uokbuids, Battle, tiuiwex.

IB*?. Cooper, Edward, EiKi-, 147, GluiKaJBtet Hoad, Queen's Gate, South

Heusingtoii, s.w.

1880. Cooper, U. P„ Esq.

1800. Cooper, Itov. Canou JamcH Hughee. C'uekfield, Sussei.

WW). Cooper, Rvv. T. H., Stoni-'burHt, tliirtdingfold, near Clodnlmuig, Hiirrey.

18H». Corlett, J. K., Esq., More Flntv, Bctchworth.

18tlG. Cotehing, Alexander, Esq., Wcpt Lodge, Honhum, Suawx.

1888. Cotei^orth, W. li.. Eiiq., Koeheatb, Oialley, Sunn:!.

1889. Coocbmsn . J . Edwin, Esq., Down Uoiise, Uurntpferpoint, UosKockB, Numicx.
1873. Cmding, H., Eaq., 1, tirand Avenue SlanniouH, Went Brighton.

18iC. Courthope, G. €., E*q., WTuligh, Hawkhiwrt.

1877. "Cowan, T. W., Esq., r.L.s., f.o.h., r.B.a.s., 31, Bckiie Park Gardens,

MainpvteBd, s.w.

1886. Cowt'll. Samuel, Evq., Melodiu, Preston Park Avunuc, Brighton.

188tP. Cmmp, Juiy, Esq., 4, Weft Stn.'et, Ilonham. Susiiei.

1889. Crawfuri, Kev. Gibbe Poyno, k.a., 3«, Baker Street, Iteadiag.
18tK). Crawfurd, Robert Pa^ne, Enq., East <.'ourt, Euift Grmstviid. t^uiwx.

1885. Crippi', KeT. John Marten, Belle Vue, Exoiouth, South Devon.
IBM. Cripps, f . S., Esq.. c.b., SnttMi, Surrey.
181*0. CroDK, Major Lewis Tbomax, ttuxon Lodge, tSeoford. Submix.
IBM. Crosse, Hev. E, J., Montpelier Houi«, Henfleld, Siusex.
188U, Crosekc;, Mrs. Kobcrt, Castlcgnte, Lewea.
1»86. (Jnife. Fr«n<it G., Esq., CliriHt Church Vitnrage, Worthing.

1886. Cunliflf, JMwnrd S., Ehi., 66, The Drive. Wert Urightou.
18<i3. 'Curling. G(wrg<<, E»q., liUgia House, Addistonibe lioad, Crojdon.
I8<J«. Cuwey, E. C., Emi., Midliiig Deanery, Lewes.
18K8. t^urrie. Very Kev. E. K., Dean of Battle, Deuuery, Battle, Sussex.
1818. C'urteis, H. Jlascall, Ewj., Windmill Hill naue, HailsbatD, Sussex.

1890. Cwrwou, adred, Esq., Withdeone Court, Brighton.

t Hai

Davey, RoV. H. M., m.a., r.o.s., f.s.*., Uving Viearage. CliicTifi-tei

■Duvie«, Miss, i, South Eaton Place, London, i>.w.

Dnvis, H. C, Esq., 39, St. James' titreet, Brighton.

DbtIs, R. H., Esq., East Bbitchingtoti, Beiitord, Suwex.

Dawes, W., Esq., Wunnock, Rye, Susmue.

Dawson, Chnrles, Esq., r.a.s., UcMcld, Sussex.

Day, iXn., Uckfleld House, Ucklield. Sussex.

Dcane, Itev. Prebendary, a. v.. Vicar of Feiring. M'orthing.

Dcatsly, Her. W. A. St. John, Critchfldd, Boshom, near ChlibeBter, Susses.

Deedes, Rot. Cecil. 43, Church Street. Brighton.

DelaWarr,The Highl Uon.the Earl or,c.H., Buckhurst I'nrk, Withyham,

Delves, W. Henry, Esq.. 23, Mount Sion, Tunbridge Wells.

i8se.
189:1.
1877.
1891.
1878.
1890.
1850.

1857-
1882.
1886.
IHTl).
18811.
1801.

1860, DiekiiisuD, Mtx , Not

i, St. Ai

Dcmict, Charles F.,
Dc liobeek, Jlajnr, I
Dickens, SfTtute-, Charles Robert, Esq.,

, Coolhurst, Horsham,

', lliirstpiurpoint, Sussex.

XXXVl. SUSSEX ABCIL£OLOGICAL SOCIETY.

1862. Dixon, MiB8, North Highlands, Haywaids Heath, Soseex.

1889. Dowson, Joseph Regmald, Esq., 20, St. Aubyns, West Brighton.

1889. Drake, A. F., Esq., Winterboume Lodge, St. Ann's, Lewes.

1877. Dockett, Sir G^rge F., Bart., f.s.a., Newington House, Wallingfordy

Oxon ; and Oxford and Cambridge Club, London.

1888. Dudencj, Miss, The Highlands, St. Ann's, Lewes.

1879. Duke, Fiyederick, Esq., The Conservative Club, Queen's Hotel, Hastings.

1873. Dunkin, E. H. W., Esq., 5, Therapia Road, Honor Oak, 8.B.

1861. Earp, Frederick, Enq., 37, Upper Rock Gardens, Brighton.

1874. ♦Easton, E., Esq., 7, Delaha^ Street, Westminster, s.w.

1851. ♦Eden, Rev. Arthur, m.a.. Vicarage, Ticehurst, Sussex.
18H1. Eggar, T., Enq., 33, Brunswick Road, Hove, Brighton.

1870. Egmmit, The liight Hon. the Earl of, Cowdraj Park, Midhurst, Sussex ;

and 26, Ht. James' Place, London, s.w.

1H57. Elliott, Robert, Enq., Little Hothfield, Ashford, Kent.

IMK). Ellin, William Jcnner, Esq., 17, Springfield Road, St. Leonaids-on-Sea,

HUMHCX.

IHr/i. Ellman, Rev. E. B., m.a., The Rectory, Berwick, Sussex.

1M61. Elphinstone, Howard W., Esq., Struan, Augusta Road, Wimbledon Park.

1888. EImj, William, Eho., 52, King's Road, Brighton.

1870. ♦Elwcs, I). (*. C, Enq., f.h.a.. Box 687, Orlando, Florida, U.S.A.

1871. KlwcH, H. T., Enq., ¥\i Bank, West Hoathlv, Sussex.

1891. Elyard, Ht. John, Ewq., Holmwood, South Norwood Park, Surrey.

1H50. Kmarr, H. M., Enq., Pevensey Roaid, Eastbourne.

1H8]. F^daih;, J. K., Esq., East Grinsteod, Sussex.

1M73, *Evanf4, J., Ewi., ll.ik, d.c.l., f.k.h., p.s.a., Nash Mills, Hemel Hempstead.

1861. *EverHhed, H., Esq., 329, Liverpool Road, Islington, London, n.

1852. Fairlc'H, Kev. Septimus, h.a., Lurgashall, Petworth, Sussex.
1869, Fanicimibe, Joseph, Esq., Grange House, Lewes.

1 881 . Fanicombe, Richard, Esq. , 40, Bel^rave Street, Balsall Heath, Birmingham.

1882. F<7nt<m, Alexander J., Esq., Clydesdale Villa, Gresham Road, Staines.

1889. Finher, Miss, 12, Jjansdowne Place, Brighton.

1881. *Fi>*her, Samuel Timbrell, Esq., 4, Park Prospect, Little Queen Street,
^^CHtminHtcr h w

1881. Fit«-Uugh, A j'., Esq., 3, PaviHon Parade, Brighton.

1882. Fitz-Hugh, Major-Gcneral Henry Terrick, Streat Place, Hurstpieipoint,

1H87. •FleUjher, l{cv. F. C. B., Mundham Vicarage, Chichester.

IKHH. FI(?tcher, Kir Henry, Bart., m.p., Ham Manor, Angmering, Sussex.

IHHH, •Flirtcher, W. H. B., Esq., Fairlawn House, Worthing.

187J). Foley, Rev. E. W., Eastbourne.

1871. •Fol|ambe, Cecil G. S., Esq., m.p., f.s.a., Cockglode, OUerton, Newark,

Nrjtts.

1857. Foster, Rev, Robert, m.a., Burpham, Arundel, Sussex.

1862. •Foyntcr, Rev. H. B., m.a., St. Clement's Rectory, Hastings.
1864. ♦Foystcr, liev. G. A., m.a., All Saints, Hastings.

1851. •Franks, A. W., E8<j., c.«., f.r.s., v.p.s.a., 103, Victoria Street, West-
minster, and BritiHh Museum.

1890. Eraser, Rev. James, Chichester.

1849. •Freeland, Humphrey W., Esq., m.a., Chichester.

1864. ♦Freshfleld, Edwin, Esq., v.p.s.a., 5, Bank Buildings, London.

1876. Frcshfleld, H. R., Esq., Kidbrooke Park, Forest Row, Sussex.

1878. Fri<»nd, D. B., Esq., 77, Western Road, Brighton.

1871. Fuller, Rev. A., m.a.. North Street, Chichester.

1880. Fuller, Thomas, Esq., m.d., Longcrofts, Shoreham, Sussex.

1878. (iage. The Right Hon. Viscount, Firle Park, Lewes.

1867. Gamham, Colonel, Densworth House, Chichester.

U8T OF MEMBKKS.

1877.
HtT5.
1819.
1890.
1877.

isn.

IKUU.
1»51.
1HT5.
I)i86.
IHW.
IHTU.

itra.

Oell, Rev. J. P., Buitod Rectory, Sussex.

GOes, Mrs. Agnee, Lmcoln Haiue, Dane Uoad. St. Leonardn.

Qodlee, Mrs,, Leighaidc, Lewes.

•Godman, Charles B,, liq., VToldringfold, Homhain, Susnex.

Codmau, F.daCaac, Esq.. r.K.8.. South Lodge, Cowfold, Horshun, Sub9<-i.

GodmaD. Ilajor-General It. Temple, Highdcn, Pulborough, ttusxex.

•Qodmau, P. 8.. Esq., Uuntbam, UurahBin, Susnes.

GordDD, Hev. A. P,, Rectory, Newtiinber, HiutiCpieipomt, Suasex.

Goriug, Rev. John, m.a., Wiston Fork, UuNtpIetpoint, 8uHacx.

Gurrliigc, Edward Joseph, Enq., Chyngrtoii. Scuford. SiUHtx.

GnrrinKc. Hugh, E(<q., KmREton-on-Sea. llrighton.

(lOrhi-u, liight Hod. G. J., m.p., G1, I'ortlniid I'loce, London, w.; and

Keaeuz Heath, FUmwell, Uawlchurst.
Goulbum, The Very Bcv. E. M., n.n., r.s.*., Ileaii of Norwich, Norwich:

iiiid Leydenburgh, The Drivo, Hove, BrigUtiiu.
(ioiddjauittL, H. J., E«q., LanTic Hoiue. Carlisle Ituad, Eastbourne.
•liower. t). W. G. Lt'veson, Esq., i-.h.a.. TitMj- Place, Liinpsfleld. Siwses.
•Grantham, Bight Hon. Sir William. Barcombe Place. Lewes,
(Jmvfly, Richard. Esq,, Newick, Sussen,
Gmy, F., Era., Kppingford, UckSeld, Suhwi.
Griffith, A. F., Em., 15, Buckingham Phicc, Brighton.
Griffith, Iter. L". H., 4, Uelmont, Dyke Hoad, Brighton.
Griffith, Henry, Eeq., r.H.*., Itlontpellier Ijodge, Brighton,
•Gwynue, J. E, A., Eaq.. v.kk.. Folkington Manor. Poll

. Folldn^ton Manor. Polegate, Kusaes,

1809.
187L

iitao,
iwie.

isn,

I8S9.
1853.

, 1863.

IftM.

1875.

1877.

1868.

1S»1.

188S.

1870.

1U«.

1855.

18S3.

1855.
, 1875.

Hackney, B. B.,E"q. (Barristcr-at-Lavi), St, MichBePti, High Street, Lewe*.

Haines, U'., Esq., Iflley Lodge, Oxford Road, Putney, s.w.

Ualuea, John, E!»q., 46, Preaton Street, Brighton.

■Hales, Rev. Richard Cox, 27, Cambridge Road, Brighton,

Hall, F. A., Esq., 4, Albion Street, Lcwee.

Hall. Samnel, li^q.. o.c.. Park Farm, Maylield, Sux^ex,

Hanuniclc, Jameii T., Esq,, t.ii.s, (BarriBter-at-Law, Lincoln's Inn), in,

Preston Fork Avenue, Brighton.
'Hennnh, Rev. Prebendary John Julius, ii,a,. Vicar of Brighton, The

Vicarage, Brighton.
Harbord, Rev, H., Rector of Eait Uoathty, Sussex.
Harding, George Robinson, Esq., Lindum, Beckcnham, Kent,
Hardwiek, J. R., Esq., Hig-h Street, Lewes.
Harlaud. H., Esq.. H.n., East Ridge, Ryde. Isle of Wight.
Harrington, J., Esq., II. Albion leirace, Horsham, Bussex.
Hoiris, U. E., Esq,, " Elm Leu," Littlehampton . Sussex.
Harrifi, W. .T., Esq., Chnrch House, He«ue, Worthing.
Horrifon, Walter, Esq., 98, Western Roitd. Brighton.
•Hortlng. J, Vincent, Esq., f.s.a. 24, Lincoln's Inn Fields. London, w.c.
Hoslewood. Rev. Frederick George, ll.d., o.cl., Chislet Vicarage, Cantcr-

Howlwood, J. E., Eaq., 3, Lennox Place, Brighton.

•Haverfleld, Frank J., Eaq., a.A,, r.s.*., Christ Church, Oxford.

Haweis, Rev. W. H., m.a.. Brook Cottag«, Slaugham, Crawley, Sugnex,

■Hawkins, Kev, R. M., u.a,. Lamberhnnt, Sent.

Hawkins, Rev. H. 8.. ileytou Rectory, Bnry St. Edmunds,

■HawkahJair, H. P., Esq., f.b.a,, 5a, Jermyn Street, London, b,w.

Hoxlitt, W., Eaq., r.s.A., Bankruptcy Court. London,

Hrad. Francis, Emi., Buckingham, Old Shorehom. Sussex,

Henriques, Alfred U.. Esq., j,p,, 9, Adelaide Crescent, Hove.

Henty, Captain C. Percival, Hambiook, Emaworth.

Hepburn, Rev, Prebendary F. B., k.a., ChaUey, Sussex.

•HiU, Charles, Esq.. p.s.a,. Rockhorrt, West Hoathly. Buomx,

Hill, John. Ecq., UoresSeld, Snsgei,

Hill, Rev. Reginald Hay, Wethersfield Vicarage, Bralntree, Enws.

HiUman, Anbrey, E»q., Iford, Lewea.

XXXVm. «VBSEX ABCKSOUXaCAL SfKSETY.

inm. Hfflitty^ Edward, Esq., m^ Stzwt, Lems.

X(i^. HilU, QKx6aa M ., Esq., 12, St. Jofan^t Stzwt, Ad^ld, London.

Vni. Hiike, H. G., Em., Horedd^ AikimglEt Bend, Tfmprtfmi, London.

Vm, Bmx, Robert, Etq., ix.d., 99, St. Gcfl^'s Road, Pimlioo, London, cw.

Ma, UdSumbj, Edwin, Esq., Groombndge, Tnnlxidge Wdls.

Ul(7, U<)aand, Eer. Chtties, Petwoitfa Bectotx, Soflsez.

ttM, lioliiie*, Ker. Aliejne Jaine», Rector (rf Egdean, Burton Firs, IVtwocth,

11^, 'liotiBeK, E. C, Eflq., Bnxddleld, Anmdel, Somex.

UMe», HoliiMw, G. P., Esq., Worthing.

1«74, Helper, W., Esq., 8t. Elizabeth Bo^ Worthing.

Un4, H^^per, Hn. U., 85, Linden Gardens, London, w.

V&H, Hc^, Richazd, Esq., Hm Farm, Cowfold, Sussex.

Wfl. Hoosman, Rer. Henrr, b.d., 8t. WOfrith's, Cawley Road, Chicfaester.

Un^i. •Hmvoden, R., Esq.,' Heath Cote, Park Road Hill, Croydon.

1^9, lUjwleii, J. W., Esq., 8, Ship Street, Biighton.

IH^. Hubbard, William Egerton, Esq., Selehurst, Honham, Sussex.

1888. Humble-CrofU, Rer. W. J., Waldron Rectory, Hawkhurst.
1866. Hurift, Robert Henry, Esq., The Park, Horsham, Sussex.
1850, Husey-Hunt, Bernard, Esq., Compton, The Driye, Hove.

1848, HuMtey, Edward, Esq., Scotney Castle, Lamberhurst.
1862. •HuNsey, K. L., Esq., 24, Winchester Road, Oxford.

1889. Huth, Richard, Esq.

1890 Ind, Kajor, Court Place, IfOey, Oxford.

1871. Inderwlck, F. A., Esq., q.c, Winchelsea, Sussex.

1871. Infield, H. J., Esq., 10, Bolton Gardens West, London, s.w.

1890. Ingram, lieut. -Colonel Robert Bethune, j.p., Steyning, Sussex.
1883. Ingram, James, Esq., Ades, ChaUey, Lewes.

\Hfjl, Ingram, Rct. H. M., Southover, Lewes.

1875. Ingram, Mrs. W. H., Colvllle Lodge, Haywards Heath, Sussex.

1879. Ingram, Miss, Hickwells, Chailey, Lewes.

1879. Ireland, S. Hheppard, Esq., 198, Western Road, Brighton.

1880. James, Francis, Eso., 190, Cromwell Road, EarPs Court, London, s.w. ;

and Edgeworth Sfanor, Cirencester.

1871 . Jenner, MIm, 98, Black Heath Hill, London, s.b.

1849. Jones, John, Esq., The Crescent, Southover, Lewes.

1889. Kelly, Rev. W. W., Aldhigboume, Chichester.

1H71. Kemp, C. R., Esq., Bedford Lodge, Lewes.

1M84. Komp, Captain William, Lyminster House, near Arundel, Siissex.

1H77. Kempo, C. K., Esq., Old Place, Lindfield, Sussex; and 28, Nottingham

Street, lx)ndon, w.

IHftl. Ktrby, Rev. U. T. M., m.a., Mayfield, Sussex.

1M72. *Kirwnn, J. S., Esq., Reform Club, London ; and 1, Richmond Gaxdens,

Bournemouth.

1M79. Klinoksieok, C. E., Esq., 11, Rue de Lille, Paris. (Care of Longman & Co.,

Foreign Department, London.)

1887. Knipo, Honry ft., Esq., 54, Wilbury Road, West Brighton.

1880. Lambe, R., Esq., Blatchingtou, Seaford, Sussex.

1888. TiOmotUs Alphonso F., Mous., 57, Lansdowne Place, Brighton.
185)1. liaiic, lloury C, Esq., Middleton, Hassocks, Sussex.

187)1. lAniooh. Donald, Est^., Bromble^e, East Grinstead, Sussex.

1801 . •I.iMioh, MiM, '* Apsley,** Upner Bridge Road, RedhiU, Surrey.

1888. lioe, Arthur, Esq., Westfield House, Lewes.

1880. Louuord, Ret. John Barrett, Crawley Reotory, Suasez.

LIST OF MEMBERS.

1879.

1863.
1855.
1886.
1870.

lS7tt.
1870.
1879.

1H55.
1H71.
1977.
1848.
1851.

I.cgK(^, C. E., Esq., LftTuit. ChifUeitter.

•Ledie, C. 8., Eeq., 11, ChBUonrr, Old AbiTdeeii.

Lewee libmr Society, Lewee.

Lewif, Col. W. U., i.e.. High Beech, UnUiu^u, St. Leonards-on-Seo.

Llbtarj CongtcHS, Waibington. U.S., t-ure of E. (i. Allen, American

Agencj, 'iH, Henriett* Street, Covtmt Uiudim. w.l*.
•LmiSgton, G. E., Ew,, fairview. Buckbtmt Hill, E«ws, e.
Lister, John J,, Enq,. WarningUd Grange. UuTwanln Heath, Suv^ex.
Liverpool Free I'nblic Library. WiUiiun Brovm .street (tare of Peter

Correll, Koq.. Ijbrtuian), Live^ool,
IJojd, Alfwl, Khi,, r.c.s., F.H.B., The Dome, liogiior, Su»eex.
London (.Xirporetion Library Conunitte*, Guild Hall, London.
London Lllmu7 (Itobcrt Huruon, Esq.,, Libnuian).
Long, CPdl, Esq., Shcrrinston Alonor. Seline«ton, Folegate, Su«»tx.
*LucB«. C. J., Enq.. Waruhom Court, Honhani, SuH'ex.
Lucas, John Claj, E«q., f.h.a.. Lewen.
•Luck, F. O., Esq., The OUti*, Wadhunt, Sutteei.

Liuford. Kev. U. C, it.*., High Ham, Hawkhunit.

1886, Haberlr, Thomas Aatler, Esq., Mvttcn, Cutkfield, Subscx.
1883. MBcfHrlane, J. it., Esq., 41), East Htrect, Urigbton.

1857. 'Mwfcinlay, D., Esq.. S. WertiTn Terrace, Umhead, U1a«gow.
189U. Mut-iiamara, U. H., Ebq., WiwtileldB, East Grinst^od, SuMiex.
1BB6. Maiden, Major Hewr Clmrlcn, Wlndlesham HouBe, Urighton.
1876. Uargpsson, Mim, Bolnuy Lodgu, Haywarda Beath. Sussex.
18Tli. MnrgeiiMin, iliaa H. A.. Bolney l<odge, Hnywiitds Heath. Suxnex.

1887. Marriott, CharleB E., Esq., Upper tit. Leonard'N Sehool, St. LcnnardB-

1887. Slairiott, Miss, Upper St. Leonanl's School, St. LeonardR-on-.Sea.

1881. Martin, Charles, Eeq., The Watch Oak, BaUle. i^nevex.

1890. Martin, W. P., Esq., Ringmer, Snaxex.

18S3. Klnrtlneau, E. H., Esq.. 3U, Weymouth Street, Tortland Ilace. London, it.

1880. MatthewB, Mi«i M. E., i, Medina Terrace. West Brighton.

1890. May, F. O. C, Esq., Civil Engineer, and Boioiigli Surveyor o( Brighton,

IS, Compton Arcniie, Brighton.

1862. McadoWH, George, Enq.. Mansfield Houw, Elphinstono Road. Haat!ngi>.

ims, ■Melville, liobert, Esq., 8, Argyle Itoad, Kensington, w.

1804. Mcnifield, F., Eeq., 24, Vernon Terrace. Brighton.

1868. *Hilner, Hev. J., 39, St. Qnlntin Arcnuo, London, n.

1858. MJt«.'hell, Kev. H., h.a., f.s.a., Bosham, Chich<»<t«r.
W7». Mitttwd, W. T.. Esq., Pitts HOI, Petwortb, Sussex.
1873. 'Mivart, St. George, Esq., r.H.s.

1858. Molineux, George, Eisq., Old Bonk, Lewes.

1886. Molinenx, Major H., p.o.k., Old Bank, l^v/ee. and Eastbourne,

1861. Monk. T. J., Esq.. High Street, St. Ann'c, Uwen.

l^i. Monk Brctton, the Itight Hon. Lord, Conyborutigh. l^-weK.

I8ff2. Moon'. H. H., Esq., Southntte. Chichtfstcr.

1880. Morriti. James Bern, Eeq., ICMtbi>URle>

1881. Mortlocfc, Hey. C. F., South Berstcd Vicnrage. Sussex.
187:{. Mount, Ven. Archdeacon F. J., h.a.. Cblehcetcr.

1873. Mntebiwjn, Kenneth R., Esq., Brockhur»t, East Grinotead, Sussex.

ItBI. Xapier, Rei-, Prebendary C. W. A., «c.*., Rectory, Wiston, Huratpierpoint,

1840.
1863.
1881.
1849.

xl. SUSSEX ARCILfiOLOOICAL SOCIETY.

1881. ♦Noakes, Frederic, Esq., St. Mary's Villas, Battle, Sussex.

1855. Noble, Capt., f.r.a.s., f.b..m.8., Forest Lodge, Maresfield, Uckfield, Sussex.

1887. Noble, Wilson, Esq., m.p., 43, Warrior Square, St. Leouards-on-Sea.
1870. Norfolk, His Grace the Duke of, b.m., k.c, Arundel Castle, Arundel,

Sussex.

1878. Norman, George, Esq., Cooksbridge, Lewes.
1892. Norman, Key. John Gage, St. Ann*s, Lewes.

1874. Norton, G., Esq., Uolmwood, Kingston Hill, Surrey.

1866. O'Flahertie, Kev. T. R., m.a.. The Vicarage, Capel, Surrey.

1888. Oliver, Frank, Esq.

1868. Orme, Rev. J. B., m.a., Rectory, Angmering, Sussex.

1884. Pagden, William, Esq., Gloucester Lodge, Worthing.

1884. Fapillon, PhiUip Oxenden, Esq., m.a., d.l., j.p., Crowhurst Park, Battle,

Sussex.

1858. Paris, G. de, Esq., 5, Denmark Terrace, Montpellier Road, Brighton.

1889. Paris National Library, care of Messrs. Longmans & Co., 37, Paternoster

Row, London, b.c.

1876. Parish, Rev. Chancellor W. D., Selmeston, Polegate, Sussex.

1881. *Parkin, Thomas, Esq., m.a., f.h.o.s., Fairseat, High Wickham, Hastings.

1885. Parrington, Rev. J. W., East Dean Vicarage, Eastbourne.

1890. Parsons, Ambrose, Esq.

1885. Parsons, Latter, Esq., Mill Croft, Eastbourne.

1881. Parsons, John, Esq., Prioiy Crescent, Lewes.

1881. Parsons, Thomas, Esq., Yokehurst, East Chiltington, Lewes.

1870. Patching, E. C, Esq., Belfort, Liverpool Gardens, Worthing.

1865. Peachey, W., Esq., Ebemoe, Petworth, Sussex.

1885. Peacock, Thomas F., Esq., Femlea, Sidcup, Kent.

1858. *Penfold, Hugh, Esq., m.a., Rustington, Worthing.

1888. Penny, Rev. R. G., Warbleton Rectory, Hawkhurst.

1888. Penny, ^Irs. R. G., Warbleton Rectory, Hawkhurst.

1879. ♦Peckham, Rev. Harry J., Nutley Vicarage, Uckfield, Sussex.

1884. Phillips, C. Taylor, Esq., 2, St. Ann's Villas, Lewes.
1849. Phillipps, John, Esq., Worthing.

1856. ♦Plowes, John Henry, Esq. , 39, York Terrace, Regent's Park, London, n.w.
1892. Poland, Rev. Eustace B., Aucklands, Littlehampton, Sussex.

1885. Potter, Walter, Esq., Northcliife, Stamford Road, Brighton.

1889. Potter, W., Esq., Southlawn, Worthing.

1887. Powell, Rev. Clement, Rectory, Newick, Sussex.

1886. ♦Powell, C. W., Esq., Speldhurst, Tunbridge Wells.
1864. Powell, J. C, Esq., Selsfield, East Grinstead, Sussex.

1890. Powell, Hubert John, Esq., Hill Lodge, Lewes.
1848. Powell, James D., Esq., High Hurst, Newick, Sussex.

1846. Powell, Rev. Riclunond, m.a.. South Stoke Rectory, Arundel, Sussex.

1848. Prince, C. L., Esq., f.u.a.b., Crowborough Beacon, Tunbridge Wells.

1881. Pratt, J. C, Esq., Highfield, Seddlcscombe, Sussex.

1882. Pullinger, William Wallis, Esq., Ote Hall, Chapel House, Wivelsfield,

Burgess Hill, Sussex ; and union Street, Brighton.

1872. Quaritch, Bernard, Esq., 15, Piccadilly, London.

1888. Ramsbotham, Major John, Stony Royd, Ilkley, Yorkshire.
1882. Randall, Mrs. H. L., Cocking Rectory, Midhurst, Sussex.
1846. Raper, Sir R. G., Chichester.

1872. Raper, W. A., Esq., Battle, Sussex.

1882. *Read, General John Meredith, 128, Rue La Bdetie Champs Elysto, Paris.

1882. Rendell, Rev. Arthur Medland, St. Maigaiet's Vicarage, Leioeeter.

aps
,Lc

UBT OF MEMBERS. Xll.

U83. Bsiulww, Alfred G., Esq., Soutbeud HaU. C'ntforfl Bridge, b.e.

m<J3. Itensbaw, Mrs, E., SaudrockG, Haywards Heath. Stisbci:.

1ST7. lUce, K. Uorrawuy. E«]., f.h.a., Barrip|ot-ut-I*w, Broadwattr Hoti"e,

Addiecombe Hood, Croydon.

I81HI. Ulchanlf, Itev. T. E. Sf., Vicarage, Uoring, Susacx.

IBTO, Kichardsou, Kev. W. K., Uectory, SouthoTcr, Lewes.

1884. IHcfcman, Juhn Thornton, E«j,, Mailing Lone, Lewes.

1876. Kidge, L. W., E«|., •). VenOam Buildingn, Gray'n Inn, London, w.e,
1889. Higg, Herbert A.. !■>].. W'allhiOTt Mauor, Cowlold, Suseei.

1851. *Hobert«on, Iter. Divie, h.a.. Vieaibge, Henfield, Suhhci.

1888. Rogers, John, Emi., Biu^oot, I'reston IJood, Brighton.

1811. •Kopcr, F, C, S., Esq., i-.l.m., r.v.v., Palgrave House, Eaalbouruc.

1800. RoBc, Colonel Hotdcn, The FemB, WiveWield. Sussex.

18U1. Roea, Hcni^, Esq., r.x.A., diestbain Pork, Htmficid, Snsf^x.

1883. Itoe«, Thonuui OeoTRe, Esq., Tudor House, Hoating*.

1H84. Boewell. Thonue, Eeo., m, Beaconxfleld ViUaa, l*re»ton Park, Brighton.

1880. Hoyston, Kev. Peter, Rectoir, Urton Longuevllle, Peterborough.

1858. Rush, Kcv. Henry John, m.i., Hiiut« Tetre. Hoyworda Hcatb. Susecz.

186G. liuth-r, Joseph, E»q., M.i)., Codrlngton House, Wettlem Rood. Brighton.

1883. Sttudersou, Rev. Edward, Reclory. UcklieW, Hiiesex,

1S84. Saudbnm, Rev. J, M,, M..t,. L'oldwaltham, l*ulborough, Sui<wx.

1889. Ravage, W. W., Esii.. 109, St. James's J^treet, Brighton.

1800. 8»TBge, ¥. W., Eitq., The College, Seolotd, Sussei.

ISTO. Hnwyer, U. LI., Esq., f.b.k.h., .la, Biiddngbam llace, Brightou.

1883. "Sawyer. John, Era., U, Sudelej Street, Kemp Town, Brighton.

1858. Sclater. James H., Esq., Newiek Park. Lewes.

1851. Kcott, M. v.. Esfj,, li). Limsdowne Mate, Hove. Brighton.

1891. Kcott, F.dward Irwin, Ewi., H.t>., Brunewick House, Wllboi^ Road, \Vct>t

Brighton.

1871. Selmes, James, Esq., L.oneonham, N'twenden. Ashford, Kent.

188». Shaw. Henry VIneent, Esq., 10, Noifolk Terrace, WcKtem Road, Brighton.

1878, Hlieffleld. the Right Hon. Earl of, Sheffield Place. FlcU-hing, Sussex.

1875. Sheustone, F. S., Esq., Sutton Hall, Banxmibe, Siis««x.

18W. Bhiffner. Rev. Sir ii. Croxton, Bart., k.a., Coombe nace, I«wes.

180'i. Shoppee, C, J., Eeq., 81, Doughty Street, Mccklenbnrgb S^iuure, London.

1888. Ribbold, J, (i. E., Esq., 3, Towni>heiid ViUos, Richmond, »\iTTej.

1878. Simmons, T.. Esq., IHgh Street, Lewes,

1852. Simmons, H., Esq., The Crouch, Seoford, Sai«es.

1888. Simpson, Peicy, Esq., v.h.o.k., r.u.HisT.s., Femhotme, Enys Road, Eofit-

boume ; and St. (ieorge's Club, Hanover Square, London, w.

1870. Smith, J. Marfield, Esq., MiU Houhc, Lewea.

1888. Smith, O. A., Esq., Hommerwood I-CKlge, Ea«t Uriuxtead, Sniise:x.
1SH6. Smith, S^iwry, Esq.. Doivet Cottage. Bexhilt-on-Sen, Sussex.
1880. Smith, W. J., Eaq., Xorth Street, Brighton.

1889. Smith, W. A., Esq.. Aruusniead. Houghton, near Aruudol, Sus-cx.
185». Smythe, I^wis, Esq,, ic.ti., Uwes.

IflTO. Bupwin, H. E., Esq., Pork Kond, WoTtliiiig.

UBD. Hnewin. J. II.. Esq., littlchunpton, Sussex.

1869. •Hperliug, Rev. J. H., v.a.. 5, Royal l^eneent, Ruth.
UtSO. Spratley, J. S., Esq., 153, Campbell Row, Bow, London.
1ST8. Hpringett, Edmuna S,. Esq., Ashfield Lodge, Huwtthunt.

1877. Hpnmll. H., Esq., 3. HartSeld Rise, Eastbourne.
1880. Staveley. Q. A. P., Ew]., Woldhur«tl«a. Crawtev. Sussex.
1883. Wfggftll. Mrs,. The Crofl. Southovcr. Lewes.

1870. "Stenniug.A.U., Esq., Halsford, East Uriustead. Sussex; and !^t. Stephen*

Club, Westminf^teT, ii.w.

1808. Stenning, J. C. Esq.. Oakfleld, Beckeulinui, Kent.

1888. Stephens. Rev. Preb. W. R. W.. Woolboding. Midhuwt, Sussex.

I8M. Kt«wnrt, linbcrt, Vmi.. II, Chesham Phice. I«udou.

1801. Slewul, U. A., Esq., 56, Urorc Rood, Eastbourne.

SUSSEX AMCBASOVOGICAL SOCIEIT.

1892. StfllweU. Mi^cr £ W., Tbone House, West Ham, HastingB.

1858. Stone, F. W., Em., Cliaxtean Lodge, Tonlndge Wells.

1881. Stone. Mi«.. Tlie Rectoiy, Brigbtfing, Sineez.

1867. StTMtleikU R. ^.. Ecq., Tlie Rocks, Uckfic^ SiMez.

1890. StTMtleikU Mi^ C. N.. Grooalndge Flaoe, Kent.

1878. Strickland, W., Em.. Hail^haM. Snnex.

1890. •Sturdy, Wflliaaft^ fitq., Fludiill Ptek. TindfieM, Smeex.

1853. Sutton, Rer. Ptebendaiy R. S., H.A., Winkenliunt, HeUmglj, Sussex.

1854. Sutton, Yen. Ancbdencon R., h.a., Vicmr of Feremej, Hastings.

1886. Sutton, Tbonias, jun., Em}., South Street, Eastbouine.
1881. SwaiuMHi, Ker. A. J., Vkange, FoRsst Row, Sussex.

1851. Tiitham, Her. R. R., k.d., Mcaxage, Dallington, Sussex.
1875. Ti^vlur, W., Esq., iUcnleigb. We«tham, Eastboume.

1890. Taylor, John CVickram. Eoq., Sloane House, East Blatdungtan, near

Seaiord, Sussex.

189i. Ti^vlor, Henrv Herbert. Em., 10. Brunswick Place, Hove, Brighton.

1884. TeiUou, Kev. C^ancai J. S.. The Close, Pallant, Chichester.

1891. Teetgeu, W., Em., **Wuodfield,** Beulah Hill, Upper Norwood, s.b.
1848. Thomas, W. Brodrick, Esq.. 5i, ^^Impole Stieet, London.

1881. Thomas, I>aTid. Esq.. 53. King's Road, Brighton.

1867. Thomait, Rev. S. Webb, ji.a., Southease, Lewes.

1869. *Thomi)mn, T. C. . R*iq. , AtOidown Park. Forest Row, East Qrinstead, Sussex.

1888. ThompHon, Rev. W. Oswell, Vicar of Framfield, Hawkhurst.

1857. lliorpi\ O. Archibald. E^q., High Vxott, Ore, Hastings.

1881. TillHtono, F. J., l^Isq.. Yarra Villa, l^reston, Brighton.

1852. •Toiu'le, J. J., Esq., :«, Theobald's Road, Bedford Row, Holbom, w.c.

1855. Turner, Rev. Thomas R., m.a.. Liugfield Road, Wimbledon.
1865. Turner, Kichanl, Esq., 2i, Hi|^ Street, Lewc^.

1846. Tyat^ke, Nicholas, Esq., m.ik, Chichester.

1890. Underwood, Mis8, Seaford, Sussex.

1887. Urliii, R. IX^uny, E**!]., k.s.s.. The Grange, Rustington, near Worthing ;

and 22, Stafford Terrace, Phillimore (^irdens, Limdon, w.

1892. Veasoy, Mrs., Pennington Road, Southborough, Tunbridge Wells.

1863. * Wagner, H., Esq., f.m.a., 13, Half -Moon Street, Piccadilly, London, w.

1861. W^^alker, Rev. G. A., m.a., Chidham, Emsworth.

1870. •WoUis, G. A., Esii., j.r., Holv Well Mount, South Cliff, Eastbourne.

1882. WalHh, Rev. Walter, m.a., Folidngton Rectory, Polegate, Sussex.

1871. Warren, John, >2sq., ll.b., b.a., Handcross Park, Crawley, Sussex.

1858. Warren, Reginald A., Esq., l*reston Place, Worthing.

1879. Watson, Col. W. H., Capron House, Midhurst, Sussex.
1857. Waugh, Edward, Esq., Cuckfleld, Sussex.

1889. Weatherly, Christopher, Esq., 31, Medina Villas, Hove, Brighton.

1877. Wedd, G., Esq., Charman Dean, Broadwater, Worthing; and 5i, Queen's

Gardens, London, w.

1886. Weekcs, Arthur, Esq., Mansion House, Hurstpierpoint, Sussex.

1872. Weir, J. Jenner, Esq., f.l.s., f.x.s., f.b.s., Churbury, Beckenham, Kent.
1846. Wellesley, Lady Victoria Long, West Stoke House, Chichester.

1881. Wells, Arthur, Esq., 24, Stockleigh Road, St. Leonards-on-Sea.

1857. Wetherell, Major Richard, 12, Lansdown Road, Tunbridge Wells.

1886. Whistler, Rev. C. Watts, Theddlethorpe Vicarage, Louth, Lincolnshire.

1881. Whistler, liev. R. F., m.a., Elton Rectory, Peterirarough.

Whitehead, T. M., Esq., 8, Duke Street, St. James*, London, w.
^itelock, Rev. Benjamin, m.a., Groombridge, Sussex,
hitfeld, F. B., Esq., Old Bank, Lewee.

lO^i

LIST OF MEMBEBS. xliu.

1892. Whitfeld, Mrs. G., Hamsej, Lewes.

1888. Whitley, H. Michell, Esq., Trevella, Eastbourne.

1885. Wilkinson, Thomas, Esq., 21, Portland Place, Brighton.

1846. Willett, Henrj, Esq., p.o.s., Arnold House, Brighton.

1880. •Willett, Rev. F., Bedales, Lindfield, SusseJc.

1886. Williamson, (>., Esq., Dunstanbeorh, Guildford.

1858. Winham, Rev. D., m.a.. Western House, Brighton.

1890. Winton, E. W., Esq., Etherton Hall, Speldhurst, near Tunbridge Wells.
1872. •Wisden, Lieut. -CJol. Thomas, The Warren, Broadwater, Worth&g.
1884. Wolfe, Miss E. S., High Broom, Jarvis Brook, near Timbridge Wells.

1881. Wolff, Henry William, Esq., Devonshire Club, St. James*, s.w.
1878. Wood, Alexander, Esq., The I^aurels, Horsham, Sussex.

1872. Wood, H. T., Esq., " Oakfield," 28, St. James' Road, Tunbridge Wells.

1886. Wood, John, Esq., 21, Old Steine, Brighton.

1881. Woodman, Thomas C, Esq., 83, Montpellier Road, Brighton.

1868. Woods, A. W., Esq., 18, Denmark Terrace, Brighton.

1859. Woods, J. W., Esq., Chilgrove, Chichester.

1891. . Woollett, Captain W. C, 5, Charlton Park Terrace, Old Charlton, Kent.

1892. Worms, Baron de, 27, Adelaide Crescent, Hove, Brighton.
1868. Wright, Robert, Esq., Hurstmonceux, Sussex.

1848. •Wyatt, Hugh Penfold, Esq., Cissbuir, Worthing.

1847. Wyatt, Rev. J. I. Penfold, m.a., Hawley Parsonage, Blackwater, Hants.

1852. Young, William Blackman, Esq., Grove, St. Leonards-on-Sea.

1887. Young, Rev. W. E. A., Pyecombe Rectory, Hassocks.
1881. Young, Herbert, Esq., Bank Buildings, Hastings.

1873. *Zouche, Lord, Parham, Pulborough.

CORRESPONDING SOCIETIES, &c

The Society of Antiquaries of London.

The Rojal Society of Antiquarians of Ireland.

The British ArchsBological Association.

The Cambrian ArchsBological Association.

The Rojal Archcelogical Institute of Great Britain and Ireland.

The Norfolk and Norwich Archspological Society.

The Essex Archaeological Society.

The London and Middlesex Arclueological Society.

The Somersetshire Archsological Society.

The Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire.

The Chester Archeeological and Historic Society.

The United Architectural Societies of Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, Northampton,
Bedfordshire, Worcestershire and Leicestershire.

The Kent Archsological Society.

The Surrey Archsological Society.

The Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.

The Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle-upon-Tyne.

The Yorkshire Archffiological and Topographical Society.

The Powys-land Club.

The Cambridge Antiquarian Society.

The Bristol aVid Gloucestershire Archsological Society.

The Smithsonian Institute, U.S. America.

The Derbyshire Archffiological Society.

The Lambeth Palace Library.

The Royal Institute of British Architects.

The Royal Institution of Cornwall.

The Shropshire Archseological and Natural History Society.

The Folk-Lore Society.

The Society for Preserving Memorials of the Dead.

The Record Office.
The College of Arms.

Sussey Brcbacolooical Socfeti^.

KURAL PAINimiS IN SILSSEX CHURCHES.

By J. LEWIS ANDEE, Esq., F.S.A.

At the pifnent day, when tho coloured decoration seen
in the interioitt of our churches is mostly confined to a
few stained-glasK windows, an Gmbroidcred altar frontal,
and some cnmustie tilea, it in difficult to realize how
different the appearance of ecclesiastical buildings must
liave been in the Middle Ages; then the walls were
covered witli paintings and ricldy-wrouglit hangings,
whilst across tlie churches were screen^i bright with
gold and colours, and tho roofs, pulpits and other
fittings, together with the nionunientp-^ oi the dead, were
equally adorned with polychrome. By many people
such colouiiug is now looked upon with disfavour, and
yet the teaching of antiquity is entirely against such a
view, as every nation has possessed a love of bright
decorative colour nearl}' ujj to the pi'csent time. The
walls of the Egj-^jtian, Assyrian, Greek, Etruscan and
Roman buildings all sliow Ruecessively and conclusively
that hnmanity delights not only in subdued tints, but in
briglit glowing colour. It need hardly be said that our
English foi'efathers did not differ from older nations in
this i*especl, and it in only from a comparatively recent
date that civilized men have professed a morbia dislike
of direct colour.

From the time when Clnistianity first became free and
unpcraecutcd the use of polychrome in decoi-ating the
walls of churclies has lieen employed. In Italy this at
first took the form of Mosaic ornamentation, and of

2 MURAL PAINTINGS IN SUSSEX CfHURCHES.

which many remarkable examples exist ; but however
beautiful in itself such work may have been, it was
found to be too expensive and difficult of execution for
use among the northern nations, when they became
converted to the Christian faith, and consequently dis-
temper painting took the place with them of the more
costly Mosaics.

Besides the beauty which paintings confer on the
interiors of churches, it was seen from the first that
pictorial representations could be made powerful instru-
ments in teaching the doctrines of the Church to the
poor and unlettered, and it is not an exaggeration to say
that in such mediaeval works of art there is hardly to
be found a detail which is not an embodiment of some
theological opinion of the Fathers, or of a commonly
received belief or legend. The Venerable Bede shows
us how pictures were used in his day to exhibit the
relationship between the Old and New Dispensations, as
a reference to hLs works will infonn us, as do those of
other writers of the same period.^

In the Italian basilica the chief Mosaic was in the
apse behind the altar, or else upon the arch separating
the sanctuary from the body of the edifice, and the
usual subject was that of our Lord in glory, surrounded
by the Apostles. In England the Saxon churches were
probably similarly ornamented, and, from what Bede
says, a great number of the pictures employed must
have been panel paintings executed in Italy, as he
records in two places the importation fi'om thence of
representations of the ** Mother of God," the twelve
Apostles, subjects fi'om the ** Apocalypse of blessed
John," with others, types and anti-types connected with
our Lord. No Saxon sacred paintings exist, though
polychrome has been found on stonework presumably of
that date, but their characteristics may be gleaned n'om
the pages of the " Benedictional of St. Ethelwold," and
similar works of the period, for the illuminators of MSS.
and the painters of church walls were in all probability

1 See ** Bede'8 life of St. Benedict Bisoop," pp. 368, and 374-376 in edition of
his Complete Works hy Dr. Giles, 1843.

MUIUL PAINTINGS IN SUSSEX CHITtCHES.

the same artists tlicn, as they often wore in subsequent
times. After the Conquest, and till the middle of the
ICth century, we can foiin a fairly coirect idea of the
scheme of icouogi-aphy which mled the ornamentation
of a church. Our Lord, and His Apo-stles, the saints,
their lives and miracles, decollated the walls in two tiers
of subjects in early work, as at West Chiltingtou,
Hardhani, and WeKtmcBton, an arrangement pm-sued
long before in Assyrian and Etruscan interiors.* Both
sides of the chancel arches were painted, as at Hardham
and Preston ; on the west faces of those at Chiltington
and Westmeston was our Lord in gloiy, whilst at
Plumpton angels upheld His cross in the same position.
Later on the space above tlie entrance to the chancel
was almost invaiiably devoted to the Doom or Last
Judgment, and of wliicli tliere were nmnci-ous examples
in Sussex. The splays or sides of the windows were
covered with masonrj' patterns as at Haixiham, or with
scroll work, and later on with full-length effigies of
saints, as at Uattle and Stedliani, in the latter instance
surmounted by canopy work, The mider sides or soffites
of the nave arches had reticulated (or lozenge-shaped)

Smels, or chevrons, both of which may be seen at
hiltington, or an elegantly floriated scroll ti-ailed from
springing to apex, as at liuddingham. Similar devices
adorned the pillai-s, both in early and later work, as on
the columns of 'ird Pointed work at Rotherfield. Spaces
of wall not occui)ie<l by figure designs were omamented
with masifmy patterns lomiing oblongs, which were often
in decorated work, filled in with roses, or elegant foliage;
there were excellent examples of this at Slindon, St.
Olave Cliichesfer, and Hoi-sliam, where this diaper was
used as a background to figure subjects witli good efleet.
At Wivclsfield, the recess forming a reredos above the
chantry altar had a diamond- shaped composition in

' At Woirt CliUtingtoii the Kubjects are coclowcd iu very clc^ODt tiefoil-hcaded
aicbm iu twu range;, one over the other, but not coiuriduig. At Hardbam each
plctun nwcun to hare been divided from the next, by architectural work —
I4)«t4«, bnUdiitgH, and pinnacles. In the Perpendicular designs at Battle each
aubjcct was stuTunuded bj a nUghtly omoimeutal border of nlmoet claasiu
chvactcr.

I>2

4 MURAL PAINTINGS IN SUSSEX CHURCHES.

colour. At St. Olave Chichester, the east wall had a
series of small figures in very elegant little arches above
the high altar.®

Our ancestors were not always contented with the
paintings on their church walls, and did not hesitate to
replace them by fresh subjects ; thus at Chiltington we
find two sets of designs, one over the other, and in some
cases elsewhere as many as five dificrent layers have
been discovered. That the artists of most of the early

Sictures were Englishmen there can be no reasonable
oubt, and Matthew of Paris expresses great admiration
of the works of one of them, called Walter of Colchester,
who was employed to embellish the walls of St. Alban's
Abbey Church. In the 16th Century, however, we find
the Fleming Bemardi executing extensive productions
of his brush at Chichester Cathedral, and at other places
in Sussex.

Sometimes a church was indebted to the liberality of
private individuals for the cost of the paintings, ana on
other occasions the parishioners combined to pay for
them, as is indicated by an entry in the churchwardens'
accounts at Cowfold, which runs as follows : — '* rec*
for payntyng of the Cherch of devotion de parocha,
iij' viij." Bequests for the same purpose were not
unknown ; thus, William Haben, of Rogate, in his will,
dated Dec. 14th, 1520, says : — ** I give to the paintinj
of S. Bartholomew, 12*., *^ the saint here mentionei
being the patron of his parish church ; and, in 1534,
John Stanmer, of Heene, bequeathed ** to S. Botolp in
Hyne for the painting 12*." ®

The South Kensington " List of Buildings having
Mural Decorations," mentions the names of sixty-nine
places in Sussex where painted work has been discovered,
and, this compilation, though an exhaustive one, still
omits a few examples.'' Some churches appear to have

' An attempt at constructional polychrome is to be found at Aldingboume,
where the voussoirs of the north transept arch are alternately of a grey-green
coloured stone and chalk, producing a very pleasing effect.

* "S.A.C.,'' Vol. II.,p. 319.
» " S. A. C," Vol. Xn., p. 76.

• " 8. A. C," Vol. xn., p. 110.

^ Ex. gra., Angmering, Beddingham, Burton, and Xuthurst.

MUKAL PAINTINGS IN SUSSEX CHURCHES.

been t-ntiiely covered with pictures, as at Biiistead,
Hardliani, mid West Chiltington, and there was a noble
series of large eonipositifjus on the walls at Horsham.
Many antitiuaries consider that the events presented to
us in niediitval paintings were but seldom derived from
tlio Hihie; but a glance at the index given in the above-
mentioned work does not convey this impression, at least
as regards tlio New Testament, and in Sussex there were
a large number ol' Scriptural subjects delineated, though
I can tiud hut one i'roui the Old Testament — the tempta-
tion uf Adam and Kve — at Hardliam.

In the follomng pages it is proposed to treat, in the
first plate, of the scenes — real or allegorical — derived
fi-om the sacred writings, and the figures of tlie angels,
apostles, and holy persons mentioned therein ; next, of
me<lia;val saints and legends ; and, finally, of sjTubolical
representations.

In the Middle Ages the earlier events iu om- Lord's
life occui' but seldom ui Christian iconography, the
majority of the designs beiiig connected with the
Passion, and CInist's future appeai-anee at the general
judgment of mankind. TJie ^ at ivity occmred at West
Cliiltington, Hardluim, and IV'ston, and the Adoration
of the Magi, at Cliiltington, Portslade, Preston, and
Westmeston ; the Fliglit into Egj-pt, at Plumpton; and,
1 think, the Baptism of oui- Saviour was on tlic walls at
Ilurdliam, fi-oni a fragment which remains on the cliancel
Birh. The Triumphal Kutry into Jerusalem is said to
Iiave lieen at Chiltington, and there were at least four
represontations of the Last Supper, at Chiltington,
Horsham, Pre>»tou, and Slaugham, a large umuber out
of a total of sixteen recorded as having existed through-
out Knghind.* Our Lord Scoui-ged was at Slaugham,
and "Westmeston, and Sun-oundea and Mocked by the
Jews at Hoi-sham, where the Cairying of the Cross wae
also seen. St. Peter cutting off the ear of Malehua
occurred at Westmeston, The Cmcifixion, though the

* This >iibj(x.'l, lUuiigti tvldom (uund iu oburchpf . occun often in the rrfeutoritw
otuwti-'ricB ; it wiw to placed nt St. SJartiii** Priory, Itovra, and the celebrated
at Supper " at Lcounido da Viud «b» pointed iu a momiistic dining-biJl.

6 MURAL PAINTINGS IN SUSSEX CHURCHES.

crowning event in the Passion, has not been so often
met with on church walls as might have been expected,
doubtless from the presence of the large representation
of it over the chancel screen found in every church. It
was on the east wall at Kirdford (** S. K. List," p. 151),
the south side of the nave at Chiltington, and on the
west face of the jamb of the chancel arch at Westmeston,
where it served, as in many other cases, as a substitute
for an altar cross. Lastly, there was an extremely
curious and unique Crucifixion at Wisborough Green, in
the same position as the last-named example, and which
I am pleased to say still exists. A series of six scenes,
appai'ently from the Passion, were painted near the
chancel arch at Battle.® The Deposition was at West-
meston, and perhaps the Entombment was intended at
Binstead ; Chiltington and Hardham had the Resur-
rection, and the Noli me tangere^ together with the
incredulity of St. Thomas, may still be seen at Preston.
Christ in Majesty was painted at Binstead, Chiltington,
and Wisborough Green. Our Lord between the Apostles
St. Peter and St. Paul was figured in a remarkable
design at Westmeston, an almost \mique composition,
though probably there was another example at Horsham.
Christ as Judge at the Doom or Last Juogment was over
the chancel arches at Alfriston, Angmering, Hastings
(All Saints), Nuthurst, Patcham, Plumpton, and Withy-
ham ; and at Portslade and Stedham, on the side walls.

Many of the above examples of our Lord and His
history have been described and engraved in om*
Society's volumes, and will therefore call for little
remark here. At Horsham the painting of the Last
Supper has been so much " restored," that little of the
origmal has been left ; this showed a man serving before
the table on bended knee, the tablecloth being looped
up at intervals with roses. At the same church the
Mocking of our Saviour, exhibited him as blindfold,
standing amongst His enemies, one of whom was
kneeling and presenting Him with a gigantic bull-rush

• The wiU of John Cooper, of Slinfold, dated Feb. 9th, 1526, mentions a picture
of the Rood in the church of that place J" S. A. C," Vol. XH., p. 109).

MflUL PAIMTINGR IN SUSSEX CHURCHES.

for a scepfi-e, a feature frequently met with in the works
of Italian painters.

In early work we find our Rcdconier in gloiy, or His
cniWcm tnc Ijinib, placed above the chancel arch, and
it it* inferpsting to trace how thiM concejition gn'athially
devcloiied into the Doom (ir Judgment.'" At We«tnieHfon
the Holy Lamb appeared in u l'2tli Century painting,
the sjnnlHtl being en(^lonpd within a quatret'oil uplield by
two angoLs with avei-ted faces, a.s tliough unulile to bear
the radiance of the Divine gkny. At I'hunpton the
Agnus Dei was on the under surface of the arch, wliilst
above the ojK'ning was probably our Lord in Judgnu^nt,
flanked by angels, two of whom mipported the Cross
(which bore a stnnig resemblance in outline and onia-
meiitation to one at Westmestoii, and suggesting that the
same artist executed both works), one angel Iiad the
name Michael in largo lettei-s close to liim, and under
these figures was a band, bel()w wliicli was an angel
displaying tlio " coat without neam'' to the dead arising
fnini tlicir graveK. In thi.s conception, also of the 12th
Century-, we have the gcm\ of the Dcxim of later times,
and whicli we find complete in the more recent painting
at Patcham, which is early in tJic next century m date ;
in thi» we have the subject with mo>*t of the accessories
presented in similar compositioii.s up to the middle of the
lUtli Centuiy. Our Ltnxl thmned in majesty, with the
glnl>e iH'ueath His feet displaying His five womids ;
angei« with trumpets summoning the dead to arise,
others holding the uistmments of the Passion, the Cross,
the si>oar, the reed, &c.; wliilst to the right of the Judge
kneels His Mother pleading for mankind, tlie Apostles
being seated ))ehiud as assistant judges. Below this is a
Itand under which a company of souls is mareliing to
take their jilaces at God's nght hand, and are being
helped and encouraged by angelic spiiits. Under these
saved ones is another line, and below all the dead rising
from their sepulchres. The sinister side of the design

'• At Unnvflold " on tnfh iddi- o( the chnnctl nrch wpre Imi angcla wiUi
riltMidnl wJiign, thi' ri^tlit u-m at aoe uul tlii' left of thu other being a> rxt«nded
lo hold in tlirir hniidi' a cluiplrt lit fluwcK juet oviT the point. In their othct
luHids WW jmlin bwnL-bDit " f 8. A. C," Vol. XIV., p. 113).

8 MURAL PAINTINGS IN SUSSEX CHURCHES.

has unfortunately perished, but we may probably conjec-
ture that the condemned were here shown hurried on to
torment.

At Stedham was a 14th Century Doom on the south
wall of the nave, and which from the engraving in the
Society's Collections (Vol. IV.) must have been an
artistic and elegant composition. Our Lord within a
vesica is seated on a rainbow, lighted tapers are on
either side, and at our Saviour's right hand is a group of
angels and saints, beneath which is placed the city of
Jerusalem, and lower still the dead arising, and the lost
falling headlong into the burning lake of hell.

The churches of Angmering and All Saints', Hastings,
had 15th Century Dooms over their chancel arches, and
there was one of the same date at Portslade on the south
wall of the nave ; in the last Satan was seen with bat-
like wings raised above his head. At Hastings our Lord
seated on a rainbow was seen thorn-crowned, and in his
right hand *' apparently a drawn sword" and in *^ his left
a Hlv." "

There are some features frequently found in mediaeval
Dooms which do not seem to have been introduced in
Sussex examples, such as the presence of St. John
Baptist as a companion figure to the Blessed Virgin, St.
Peter as the celestial doorkeeper, or St. Michael as the
soul-weigher, nor are there any remains exhibiting the
symbolical idea of hell as an open-mouthed monster,
imless part of the Portslade design was intended for it.

Before dismissing this subject a few of the most
prominent details common to many representations seem
to call for some notice. In many the walls of a city
are seen with towers within which are angels blowing
trumpets," this is generally supposed to be the heavenly
city but with more probability is intended for the earthly
Jerusalem, at which city many theologians held that
our Lord would appear at the last day. This was the

C./' Vol. XXm., p. 195. There was a Last Judgment in stained
urst.

^' *' Tuba mirom spargens sonum
Per sepulchra regionum,
Coget onmes ante thzonum." — Dia Irce.

MURAL PAINTINGS IN SUSSEX UHUECHE8. 9

Opinion of SUviiiw, founded upon the text in Joel, "Tho
Ijord alf«> shall roar out of Sioii, and utter His voice from
Jcrasalem" (Joel Hi. 16). The angel wlio frequently
aii]K'arM liolding the Crows is usually intended for St.
Sliehael, tliat lionour hcing acceded to him as "prince
of the celestial host."" The exhibition of the Cross
il«elf at tho Doom is often i-eferred to in the Breviary
office for the feasts both of the Invention, and Exaltation
of the Cnjss —

Hou signum erit in ecelo, AUt^luin,

Cum UumiiiuB ad judii'iiiidimi veuerit, Alleluia,

being many times rejjeated in it. At Plumjjton St.
Michael probably ajjpeared an suuunoiiing: the dead to
arise, as lie was also credited with liaving to jierfonn
this office. The presence of angels bearing the various
implements used in the Pasnion is also according to
Patristic teacliing, and the portraiture of our Loi-d with
uplifted hands, and ^vith His mantle an-anged to exhibit
the wounds in His side and feet, accords with the opinion
of St. Thomas Aquinas, where lie says " Cicatrices
antem in corpore ejus ap])ai-cbuut." Often tho dead ai-e
seen witliout clothing, the just awaiting their invcstitm'e
in celestial robes,— the condemned their banisliment
into hell gamientless; one of their puiiislnncnts being
" defaute of clothing." Hut, whether lost or saved,
each soul if belonging to a pope, priest, monk, or
monarch, retains respectively the tiara, tonsui-e or cixnvn,
not only to show its worldly status, but that each having
been anointed with the sacred chrism continues that of
an occh'sia.stic or sovereign to all eternity. Hell is seen
at Stedliain as a lake, according to the vei-sc " Salvasli
me a desceiidentibus in lacmn " (Psalms xxix. 3, Vidgate),
and also the passage in Kevehititm '' And tlie devil that
de<reived them was cast into the lake of fii'e and brim-
stone" (ch. XX. 10).'*

" In occordnnce with which the offertory iii the AlatM for the Dt-ad in the
BiwiMy pmys that thf «iiU« of the [Iepiirt«d, "Ne cadant in obenmiin, rvA
elgnUci MnctOA Michael reprereut^t eoa in luwin colictam."

" Monf features of a medifCTnl Doom have their counterparti- in tbcpniutingirot
Egyptian raid EtruKittu buildingB; Kufh as tbeuti^embljof jiidgvp. the soiilwi-iph-
inif. nnil the conlert* between gwd imd evil spiril*. The vc-ighiti^ ol good and evfl
it bImi n sfmbol uwd bj the (ireek poeU. an, f or cxiuuplc, Homet, and ^whf In*.

10 MURAL PAINTINGS IN SUSSEX CHURCHES.

The devil in the Portslade picture is said to have had
bat-like wings, and he is so represented in all old work,
to make these appendages loot repulsive, and to distin-
guish them from those of the angels, who frequently
have the feathers like those of the peacock, to impress
us with a sense of their beauty. Dante thus alludes to
Satan's pinions —

Two mighty wings enormous, as became
A bird so vast. Sails never such I saw,
Outstretched on the wide sea, no plumes had they.
But were in texture like a bat.

— "HeU," canto XXXIV., trans. Carey.

The compositions formerly at Horsham and West-
meston representing the Saviour between His Apostles,
St. Peter and St. Paul, were probably the most curious
of all our Sussex church paintings (if those still at
Wisborough Green are excepted^, as the idea embodied
by them belongs rather to primitive, than mediaeval
dnristian art. At Westmeston, our Lord entlu*oned had
St. Paul on His right hand, St. Peter on His left (at
Horsham the relative positions were changed); He
presented a volume to St. Paul and a key of large size
to St. Peter, wliilst over the group was a band inscribed

[Lib] rum dat Paulo Xtus claves q(u)oq(ue) Petro.

Besides the extreme rarity of such a conception in
mediaeval work, these pictures were noteworthy from
their strong resemblance to some early Christian delinea-
tions of this allegorical scene.^ In Heapy's beautiful
work Tlie Likeness of Christ he engraves some examples
which he ascribes to a very early date, but all are more
or less like our Sussex specimens; in two our Lord is
seen enthroned, and the traditional likenesses of our
Redeemer and the two Apostles are apparent in both
the early and later works. St. Peter as a round-faced,
rather unintellectual-looking man, with stubby beard,
and, except in one instance, either bald or tonsured ; St.

Ik TX

\B interesting to obBerve how these Apostles were almost invariably associated

in the Ea^lj and Middle Ages, — many of our churches supposed to be

to St. Peter, are in reality in honour of St. Paul likewise. If St. Peter

ated as " pastor ovium, Frinceps ApoBtolorum/' St. Paul was equally so

kator Tentatis et doctor gentium."

IU'RAL PAIXTINGH IN SUSHEX CHURCHES. 11

Paul tigiirecl as a dark, tlioughtiiil personage, wifli a
(tharp face and featiu-c«, plfHtitul liair, and a lung [wjinted
beard.'"

No doubt tlicre were numerous representations of the
BloNHcd Virgin in Susaes churches, but no recoi-d of any
yety striking ones appear to exist. At the Bishops
private chapel at Chichester one was found in IS'29 and
was a work of l"-?1h Century execution, other examples
were discovered at Amberley and Hoshani, and iu ('n<h
she bore the Holy Child in her anus, as was ahnost
invariably the case in Knglish art." There has l)een a
composition representing tlie Annunciation at Horsham,
but I fear that it i-etains but little of the original details,
it was of large size and placed above the tower arch,
there were otiier examples of tliis scene at Amberley and
West Cliiltington. Tlie Coronation of the Virgin fonned
the centre of some very elegant painted work of 14th
Conturj" date at St. Olave Clii^-hester, and which seemed
to have served as a rercdos. The reason why so few
traces of paintings of the Mother of our Tx»rd have bcion
recorded is probably due to the fact that she was so
extensively honoured in other ways, such as by the
dedication of chapels, altars, and images to her. She
uppeins in the Doom as mediatrix, and I am inclined
to think that she was ^'presented in this character, in
conjunction with St. Jlichael at Lindfield, though the
effigy there has liitherto been ascribed to St. Mai-garct,
and some reasons for tlie fomier opiniou will Ije found
further on,

FigiU'cs of the Apostles a])poar to have been somewhat
numerous ; they were piiibablj' represented alternately
with female saints at St. Olave Cjiichcster, one tigui-e
having had St. Peter's emblem of the key. The

well known to tho Auglo-Snson (.linivh, luiif Iw guUivrod troin a pii9!«^- in Ihdo.
wiicrf he dcwriln-s u vision bt'hplrt Iry a InJ . who whfn mipi^tioura concerning it,
Rpiicd, rr»pocliii^ Ihi^ pcr^ii*' he liiid ^mi in it. " Thirir habit frnc noble and thuir
cvimtimuici'x inort pltusitit. due nl llicm indeed wax shorn like u clerk; tht'
titba hod n \img bcani mid llicv iiid tlmt oiu- was euUcd Peter, and the other
Pnnl"(Bedc, " EwK'siii-tind Hi^tnvv," 11... .k IV.. eh. H, 17. p. M).

" Tho only in»tAn(* ! huvc au-t with to Ihc contrury in an Ibe fi-al of St. Scot's
Abbej, Hnntx, ut IDth Ccuturj dale-

12 MUSAL PACmSGS DT STSSEX CHUBCHES.

Apo«t4^ Ck^ege wa» aiso seen at West Chiltmgton
and Hardham^ The Martyrdcxn <^ Si. Bartholomew, )Ir.
Tomer conjectures to hare been at Harei^eld, and the
Baptism <^ the Ethiopian Eonnch was <m the north wall
of the same chnrch.'' Si. James, as the patron of
pilgrims, occurs in a very curioos pictnre at Wisborough
Green, and the Beheading of St. John Baptist was por-
trayed at All Saints', Has^ngSw

Three figures at Stedham mav have represented the
three Maries, who also appeared at West Chiltington.
St. Anne was at Harting, and the Xoli mc tangere at
Preston, as before alluded to.

Representations of the Angelie Host were firequent,
and tliey filled in the spandrOs over the arched panels
painted at Chiltington. Angels were present also in
numerous scenes, such as the Doom, &c. At Arundel
one upholds the mantle of a large half-destroyed figure,
probably of a female saint, and at Haroham and
ilaugham angelic figures bore away souls to bliss. St.
Michael in mediaeval paintings appears principally in
two characters, as the conqueror of Satan ana as the
weigher of soids, and sometunes in both capacities, as at
Lindfield, where he was so represented. In this example
he was seen balance in hand treading upon the seven-
headed beast of the Apocalj'pse, whose heads were shown
cut off from the body ; the out-spread peacock-feathered
wings of the archangel rose hi^ over his head, whilst
his body was clad in an apparelled albe, whose surface
was powdered with the initial M ; with his lefi hand he
brandished a tremendous sword, and held a large pair of
scales with the right. In one bowl of the balance was a
demon, and another outside trying to depress it, the
opposite scale, however, being lowest, and close to a
small figure crouching beside the skirts of a majestic
and^ crowned female. This queenly personage had an
^. bordered dress enveloped in an ample mantle,
• flowed in long tresses over her shoulders, whilst
IS encircled her head, and under her feet were
Such was the picture at Lindfield, as it is shown

* " 8. A. C," VoL XIV., p. 143, and " 8. K. list," p. 170.

MUEAL PArNTINGS IN SUSSEX CHUHCHRS. 13

in an engraving in the " S. A. C," Vol. II., p. 128, and
it appo-arn to mo clearly that St. Mary, and not St.
Margaret, was the saint roprcKcnted." St. Micliael and
the usual green dragon are seen in eombat over the
south entrance to AVithyhani Chiu-ch, which is dedicated
to him.

Foremost among rejiresentations of the saints in

Sictorial art stot>d those of St. Christojihor, the " South
Lensington List" mentioiung 180 exampleM, but of the*<e
only four occun*ed on the vraUs of Sussex churches;
those at South Hersted, Went Chiltington, Stedhani, and
Westnieston, (Since writing the above a tifth example
of St. Cliristojjhei', of gi'eat interest, has been discovered
at West Grinstoad, and will be found described in the
present volume under West Gi-insteod.) St. Christopher
and St. George were often associated togetlier in the art
of the Middle Ages ; theii- efti^es may be seen side by
side at Bnindal, Nm-folk, and Fi-itton, Suflolk, and ui
Sussex we had an example of tliis compimionship at
Stedhani, where St. Chnst<)]iIior occupied his usual

fiosition on the north wall, wliilst iumiediately opposite
lim was the patron saint of England."

The legend of St. George, a worthy jn'otiably ranking
next to the Clirist-lwaring saint in populanty occurred
at Mid-Lavant, Stedham, and Westfield, and perhaps also
at Hardlinni, though I consider that the last example
was inoreK" intended to be an allegoncal jjicture of the
Christian warrior triumjihing over his spiritual enemies ;

'* At Kemjilt'y, Glo«.. on the fplay ol a window, wbj" " aii archangt^l veiKhing
a Soul, the 1). Vft^iu lnt«rccdinR ; " at Lathbury, BufkB. " St, Michael weighing
mhiIb wtd the Virtnii" on the nnrth wall of the nave ("S. K. lint," pp. 141. 155).
In m paper, " Mural a»d other Palntiugx. &(.■." (" Arch. .loiim.," XLV., p. 410),
I bate followed the waal dencrlption of the Lindfleld pointing, not hariug then
■cen the eugraving in Uii? "S. A. C." Toliime.

*• Th? pirture at Studliuin. wid the legend at Ht. Chrirtopher are tiUlj dtucribed
in "8. A. C," Vol. IV., pp. 13-17. ThenUiryof the luiroculoun CnirL>t-bearing b
vnenll,* conMdered an elegant allegory, aud hiK fet^tiral is TOnimemorated in tlu<
BTtniai?, hy « siiiipU' i-ulln-t tm\y, iu which no mention i* made of it ; but in an
etwiy iBth Ct-ntmy printed " Hone, B.V.SI.," thert- is a piitnre of the saints'
nuutTTfUmi, nith a ptnfrr R.'Hpc'ctlng tha tniroclc. and the fullowjug sntiphon : —
" CliriHlofoii MUicti fnciem quii:nnque tuctur.

nil) numpc die nuUo lanftore tenetnr,

ChrlHtofonni videas postca tutUB eon."
SSinniU' viipieH were ofteit inKTibed beiicnth the u-all paintings of tbiN popular saint.

l-l MURAL PADTTDkGS IK SCS6KX CHUBCHES.

a subject formeriv at Hessett, Suffolk, and Laniyet,
Cornwall. WTien St. George appeared in a wall paintini
he wa^ generaUy on hon^back, as at Westfield, an<
Stedham, in the latter case being mounted on a blue
gteed, and encountering a Tiyidly red dragon. The
liistory of this saint, like that of St. Christopher, is
generaUy considered aUegorical, and no mention is made
of it in any part of the service for his feast, in either
the Roman Breviar>' or Missal. Considering his general
popularity, shown in the dedication of about 170 of our
churches in his honour, and the placing of England
under his patronage, it is perhaps somewhat remarkable
that so few paintings of this saint hare been noticed on
the walls of our churches.

To the palace of the Archbishops of Canterbury at
West Tarring, St. Thomas-a-Becket is said to have paid
frequent visits, and a picture of his martjTdom is painted
on the walls of I^reston Church, and as the saint must
have been well known in Sussex, there were probably
many other examples of which no record is left.

A scene from the life of a still more celebrated St.
Thomas is said to have been at South Bersted, where
St. Thomas Aquinas was represented ** disputing" with
the doctors of the aiurch (" S. A. C," Vol XXXIL,
p. 232), and its date was early in the 16th Century.**

St. Lawrence, the patron of Rotherfield Church, was
there portrayed, and also at Harting. Kirdford rejoiced
in a representation of St. Nicholas ** restoring to life
two cliiidren who had been salted down in a tub," a
very favourite miracle in pictures of this saint, but to
which, with much wisdom, no allusion is made in the
leHsr>nH for his feast in the Breviary, tliough the collect
for that occasion states him to have been "decorated with
innumerable miracles." The Martyrdom of St. Sebastian
was at Preston, and of St. Vincent at Westmeston.

ing female saints (after St. Mary) St. Catharine
I the greatest popularity, and she was pictured at

i!etton paintings are engraved and described in the '' Aichseologia/'
[., p. 311.

wtm a faTonrite subject with the Italian painters. See ** Jameson's
the Honaftio Oiders/' pp. 377-379.

ItmUiL PAINTINGS IN SUSSEX CHUKCHIiS.

AliHstoii, Kirdfurd, aiid Preston. She was the "Minei*va
of Christiauity," *" nnd was equally lioiioiu'ed iu the
Greek aud Latin commuiiioiiH. St. llai-^ai-ct, almost
a« highly renowned, appeared on the wiilIs ut Hinstcd
and Preston. As a pati'one.sK of churclioN, she liad no
less tlian 2<16 named in her lionour. Of St. Helen tliere
is a solitaiy example recoi-dcd as having been at Harting,
and St. Ui-sula may have iMjen at Stedhum, a.s theabwence
of her emblem — the ari-ow — is not unknown in other
examples, but if the " figiu-es on eatdi wide of her a[)pear
to be males i-afhor than females," a.i reported at the
time. of the discovery uf the painting, then probably
St. Marj', UK the " Queen of All Saints" was intended,
a» «ueh representations are oeeasioually met with.

Saintly figures, more or less numerous, but wlioHe
designations, or noniencliiture, eould not be fixed upon,
were at Kastergate, W'est Cliiltington, Nuthurst, and
StCJ^ling, and at IJurton there is a very I'emarkable
fragment still disrernible on the east s])lay of a window
iu the north wall of tlie nave. It shows a female figm-e,
head downiwards, and cnicificd by being tied t<i a saltire
cross ragulee. The eflif^y is cleai'ly that of a female,
with a large mass of deep red hair hanging fn)m the
head, wliich is that of a round-faeed young woman.
No mention of this curious design is made in tlie "South
Kensington List," or have I seen it noticed elsewliere,
nor can I find any Kaint whose martyrdom was by this
singular method ot erueitixioii."

Our anrestoi-s were fond of allegoiieal and emble-
matical designs, and nearly every church had the vii-tues
and Wcx-'H, acts of mercy, or similar Hubjects painted on
the walls or in tlie windows. Among tlie-se was a
symbolical figure of the Christian Wamor Tnumphing,
one of which is to be seen at Hni'tlliam, tliougli fast
crumbling away. It is of IStli Ceutuiy dale and exhibits
a iiimbed, youthful combatant, clad in a yellow tunic,
mounted i>n horseback and M-ielding a spear in his right

" *' Burr. Anelii'Hii Culi-udjir," p. Hi, in the Brevinrr, Blie ie paid lo IwTe
Joinnl " Ihv xtudy of liberal tuts vitli arrloiit Mtb."

** Ht. WUgiiturt in T<.-iin.-BOiiti!d on a ncn-en at Wonteod, Nortulk. tied to au
odinair crow (mw " Heliquaiy," Vol. XXXVI., p. 13].

16 MURAL PAINTINGS IN SUSSEX CHURCHES.

hand, and to which a banner is attached, having four
*^ tails," exactly as the pennons shown on seals of the
time of Henry I. or Steplien. Tliis composition was on
the north wall of the nave whilst on the south was a
similarly sized picture of the Death of the Righteous,
or Lazarus taken to the bosom of Abraham. Here the
background is mostly yellow with waved lines to repre-
sent the clouds of heaven, and a large nude sex-less
figure is being borne upwards by two angels, who
sustain it beneath the arm-pits with tneir hands enveloped
in a mantle wliich passes behind the soul.*^ There were
two more celestial figures at the feet of the saved one,
but these have nearly perished ; the soul is without a
nimbus, but each angelic figure has one. The details
are very Byzantine in character, and a text ran above
the whole, of which the words '^pauper obit" alone
remain. At the sides are architectural details, perhaps
emblematical of the heavenly Jerusalem. A very similar
painting appears to have been also at Slaugham. The

K arable of Dives and Lazarus was a favourite in the
[iddle Ages, and frequently adorned not only ecclesias-
tical buildingH, but secular ones, and Henry ill. had it
painted with much appropriateness at the end of one of
his halls.

Another symbolical representation seems to have been
at Kirdford, where there was *^ a King exhorted to good
by a counsellor on one side and to evil by a demon on
the other" (" Lower's Hist. Sussex," Vol. I., p. 8). At
Battle were two panels which probably set forth the

'^ In Christian art all precious or Bacred objects were held in cloths when
presented to divine or kingly personages. In some early mosaics the three Magi
thus bear their gifts to Christ, and the usage is illustrated by a passage in Bede,
which relates of St. Ethelburga that before her death, a nim named Folgath had
a vision of it. " This person/* says the chronicler, *' going out of her chamber
one night just at the first dawn of day, plainly saw as it were, a human body
wMch was brighter than the sim, wrapped in a sheet and lifted up on high "
("Eccles. Hist.,*' Bk. IV., Ca. 9).

In MedisBval art the soul is generally of small size, but is nearly as large as the
angels who carry it at Hardham, and this seems also to have been the case at
Slaugham. The idea of a soul as a small human figure boasts a high antiquity.
Perry, describing Greek sculpture of the 5th Century b.c, mentions a tomb on
which winged figures with egg-shaped bodies, *' each bearing a small doll-like
figure in ito arms," were renpresentea, and symbolize *' no doubt, the messengers
of death in the act of bearmg away the deceased *' (Peny, *' Qreek and Boman
Scolptuze/' p. 114).

MVRAli PALNTINQS

jo.mnU, rf

HORSJSflH CHlfftCH .
_M- THO' HC-NEVWOOD.

a^rttg^M

triumpli of wickedness over \ii'tue, and of good over
evil. In the dexter coni]Kwitioii was a pernon kneeling
and seized by a demon, whilnt in the sinister compart-
ment was a figure beside a priintrate fiend. The Seven
Acts of Mercj" are at Arundel, where they are said to
have been restored ; one of these acts — tlie Buiial of the
Dead — was found also at Mid-Lavant, where " the priest
vested in an albo touches with the processional cross the
corjise wTapped in a shroud inarketl upon the lieart with
a large ci-oss patee." '* Perba|)s the figure of a bier,
found at KejTiior, may have funned part of a similar
series, Emblematical representations of the administra-
tions of the Seven Sacraments are reported to have been
at Mid-Lavant." These are not often found as wall
paintings, but are extremely numerous as sculptures on
th« 3rd Pointed bowls of East-Anglian fonts, wnere they
are excellent examples of ecclesiastical ceremonies.

Representations of the Seven Deadly Sins were common
in our churches, and were generally gi'oujied about a
tree, or within a wheel, but at other times they cluster
round a female figure, as at Raunds, Northants, and as
was the case at Wisborough Green, where the celebrated
authonty on oui" mural paintings, Mr. Waller, informs us
was " a large nude female figure with a series of ^^-inged
demons <jr dragons coming from the different parts of
the bod)' in which sin in supposed to reside or be
affected by." ** At Arundel, over the north doorway,
the devil was depicted creating the mortal sins, and
monsters swallowing each vice in its Jaws.

There wa."* a favourite legend, often depicted on chui'ch
walls, in the 15th Century; this was the story of "The
Three Living and the Three Dead," and fif it there was
a picture at Battle, and another still remains at Charl-
wood, in Surrey, but close to the Sussex border. The
three kings, it was related, were out hunting together,
and were startled by the apj)earance of three hideous
spectres or skeletons, who addressed them on the vanity

" "Arutueologit-til Jounial." Vol. III., p. 2S5, There is b good series of the
CoiponJ Works o( Uavy nt Wicldiamplon, Norfolk.

•'Afch..Ioiini.,"Vol.ni.,p.3M. " "Aich,Journ.,"Vol. XXXn'.,p. 223.

18 MURAL PAINTINGS IN SUSSEX CHURCHES.

of earthly pomp and glory, to their great discomfiture.
The subject is met with abroad as well as in England,
and there are examples in Ireland and the Channel
Islands. It formed part of the large fresco of Orcagua
in the Campo Santo at Pisa. The most perfect one with
which I am acquainted is at Belton, in Suffolk, though
fast crumbling away. The kings are generally on horse-
back, richly dressed, and with their attendants and
hunting dogs. The spectres are in some cases crowned,
and stand boldly confronting the living monarchs, but in
Orcagua's work they are simply tlu'ee skeletons in open
coffins. Occasionally a -queen is one of the three royal

Eersonages, as at Battle, where the moral saying of
lucan " Mors sceptra ligonilms equal " was inscribed
above the spectres.^ The date of the painting is sup-
posed to be of the 14th Century, the story itself is of
the 13th.

The Signs of the Zodiac enter frequently into
mediaeval art, and especially that of early date; they
occur in nearly every possible way, on fonts, doorways,
and pavements, and we also fina tliem painted upon
churcn walls, as at Copford in Essex, but the only
Sussex example I have found records of appears to
have been on the soffit of the chancel arch at West-
meston.** The use of these emblems in decorative
work is extremely ancient and they were embroidered
on the veils of the temples of Babylon aijd Egypt.

Among mural paintings of our churches there remain
to be noticed tne consecration crosses which are so
frequently to be met with, generally within the walls,
but occasionally on the exterioi^s of ecclesiastical
buildings. They are usually quite plain crosses of the
patee K)rm, inscribed in plain circles, but much more
elaborate examples are sometimes found, as at Darenth,

»• "Arch. Joum.," Vol. XXI., p. 218. The "South Kensington Li«t"
famisheB twentj-two English examples of the ** Trois Vifs."

^ See **S. A. C./* XVI., p. 3. In medifleval times it was believed that each
sign influenced the month connected with it, as Gowers says—

** The twelve monthes of the jere
Attitled under the powere
Of these twelve signs stonde.'* — Conf . Amantis, Bk. VII.

MURAL PAINTINGS IN SUSSEX CHURCHES.

Kent, and Worsfead, Norfolk, and at Clymping there is
paid to have been " a large and elegant specimen of late
12th Century date." Tlie ehurehes of Amlierley, Arundel,
C1uche«ter (St. Olave), Pevenscy, Poling, Sundon, and
Trej-ford, have eacli exhibited ti-aces of consecration
crosses on their walls, and more or less numerous in each
edifice.'^

After the Reformation texts were ordered to be painted
over all pieturoM, and there is an interesting entry on this
Hubjeet in the churchwardens' accounts of All Saints',
UastingK, under the date 1578, when there was an
" expenditure of 2*. 6''. by payment to the Somner for
can-ying of a letter to Mr. Comytwary, the which Mr.
Tyud made for that the Wardens should not go to
Shorham upon the servyng of a Cytacyon that our
Churche waJb* arc not decked witli the Scrypture." "
Texts wTittun in consequence of the injunctions of the
autlioritics appeared on the walls at Amberley, Barcombe,
Burton, Bury, Eastergate, and other Sussex churcheB,
sometimes within elaborate " Classical " scroll and
arabesque work, a featui'e to be seen in connection with
the paintings of the Royal Anns wluch were frequent
during the I7th and I8tli centuries. These latter were
occasionally placed over tlie chancel arch, but occur in
other positions ; there was one on the north wall at
Heniield dated I(i94, and another is still on the south
side of the nave at Bui-ton, it is dated 1636, and bears
the motto C/irinto auspice reffno, a legend often seen on
the coinage of Cliarles I.

The walls of most of our old churches having been
roplaatered duiing the restorations which have been so
universal dui-ing flie last forty years, it is not likely that
many fresh addition.-* will be made to the ILst of scanty
remains now left us, and by wluch alone we can judge
of the cliaractcr oi" the wall decorations of our ancient
ceclesiairtical bmldingK. In the course of a few years,
how many even of these mutilated fragments will be
visible ? or what rec-ords will be left of them save in

wad. eii&xtkttk. or tbe

eiKMf»t^c^$& ? la. ^«Be few

:. db^ Wre been
jflonmd iM cranlak' ^ ike^ vmL^ lOibMied. or kftre been
cxirered iq> a^sa err s ^«^ <et»: * c wiiiiifirft<ii. Yet
w^ {Mgjitfag i^ <kNE]bde» ^e^ B^^Ue^ ixm k4 fictorisl
arL and bcnrer^r pi:iijr m ^e^f^nseal OKTit oar own
ronaiiis^ mmy appear. ^^ are all tkix are left to us of
an art to wioeii ^e •7eaiSei<t oc tiie ItaHin masters
deruled tfaeir be^t eft«ti<w and eot»iered die w^mfaiest
far the emplovmeiit of their «;eiin<w If an v one doable
tlui^ let knn li<teii to a » jin^ of Mielka^ Angelo — a
flaying whidu if a trifle deprerutory of die £iir :^x, has
at kfluBt dio«e mentt^ of dMroagime^ and Tigonr which
efaaracterifsed the great painter and hi^ wvrks — ''^ Fresco
i» the only painting, p^intiitgr in oik i^ only the art of
women and idle and inenergetie men.^

FURTHER NOTES OX THE A>'CIENT SITE
CAUIl) T0WN'CREE1\

Kkv. EltWAED H. R. TATHAM,

Since tho publiciiHini nf my papiT on Tow-ncrcq)' in
"S. A. C," Vol. XXXVII., \mgv 139, I have gained
iiifoniiatiiiii, botli from others and iVom my own ohsciTs-
tiou, wiuoh, ill my judj;-ment, strongly eoiTolHuutes the
conjecture!* an to a Uonian settlement, upon which I then
venhii-ed. Thi.-< iiitbnuation I now submit with pleasure
to the members iit" the Sussex Anlucologrital Soeiety, in
the hope that the matter will be taken up by some
ix'sident in the county, who is far more competent to
deal with it than myself.

It will Ik- rememliered that I stated that there was no
positive evidence, other tlian the unifonu tradition of the

£ea.'*antry, to prove an ancient occupation of the site. A
ustile critic might not unnatui-aily object that thin was a
bftfis too naiTow for sf> imposing an eaifice of eonjeefui'e.
But the case is now completely altered. A stricter
enquiry among the pe<mle, and a more earefiil .'<ui-vey
of the neiglilwurbood, liave cwtabHshed the following
faints : —

(1) That the (Kiweriul position, now called Towncreep,
was once occupied by a settlemt'iit of some kind, of which
tlie foundations remaiji, proWng theii- construction to have
been of stone and Imcks;

(2) That this towni or settlement was protected by a
large earthwork on its most vulnerable side, the northern
face of the spur ;

D Ilu' Tnuliliuiiul Sit

u tbr pari«b of rculiiiritt."

22 FUBTHER NOTES ON THE

(3) That the town was in immediate communication
with the sea, either by water for the whole distance,
or, as is more probable, partly by land and partly by
water.

We will take the evidence for these facts in their
order.

I. Former Excavations. — It appears that about 45
years ago the late Right Hon. the Earl of Ashbumham,
owner of the ground, employed a few men, not more
than two or three at the most, to examine the supposed
site. An old man, who first told me of these excava-
tions (recently dead, but living for sixty years at
Penhurst Cottages, the nearest houses to the spot),
informed me that he took down to his house a large
piece of mortar as hard as stone and about two pounds
in weight, which had been unearthed by the workmen.
He remembered, too, the discovery by some woodcutters,
on the northern side of the spur, of an axe-head, deeply
imbedded in an old oak tree. This axe-head was of
iron, rudely constructed and with the sharp end as
narrow as the handle end. On my enquiring who
^'knocked down" the town,* this old man said it was
the Danes. He well remembered seeing the foundations
of the houses laid open, but recommended me to ask
another old man, named Winchester, who had been one
of the diggers. This man gave me all the information
that I have been able to obtain as to the duration and
extent of the diggings. He was especially emphatic
that nothing ^^of any valey" had been found. They
fancied, he said, that, when the town was taken, the
people must have thrown their treasures down the well,
and this well he had never been able to discover. As
a curious instance how the popidar imagination was
a£fected by the search, I may mention that, after the
excavations, this man is said to have lived for a long
time without work, and his neighbours still whisper that
he was secretly enjoying the product of some treasure-
trove. He told me tnat the diggers could clearly make
out the framework of the houses, and in some places the

' A local phrase generally applied to Towncieep.

A^JCIE.^"r sitk called towtucreep. 23

lines of the streetH ; and that, besides hewn stone, they
t'oniid a quantity of bricks and tiles of ancient make,
and some Ijrnken j)ottery and earthenware bottles. This
man, unhke his ncighlKiiir, supposed that the town was
"knocked dowii " by AVilliam the Conqueror!

I cannot discover tliat the workmen were superintended
in their search by any person of education ; and if not,
the fruitlessnesa of their labours is not suiprising. We
can only hope that they have not damaged the chances
of a tuturo search. The earth seems to have been
thmivn back again over the remains ; but tliere are still
some stones lying about in the wood, wliich bear marks
extremely like those of the chisel.

II. T/w Noft/ieni Mai'thu'ork,^. — As the town must, for
pui-jKiwes of defence, have occupied the southern end of
the plateau, I have always expected to find traces of .>(onic
tfeneli or earthwork, which would have strengthened or
pnitected the walls on the northern side. If these walls
had IxK'ii razed to the gi'ound, and their materials earned
away for building jjui-poses, we can miderstand that
accumulations of earth and vegetable deposit during the
lapue of fourteen centuries might have oblitei-afed all
sign of their existence. Even in cases of large towns,
where there has been continuous occupation and no
Woleut destruction, like Aldborougli (the Koman Isurium),
the circuit of the walls, which is left intact, though still
traceable, has been completely covered up with earth in
the com'se of ages. But wherever there has been any
considerable displacement of earth in uncultivated ground
fur the construction of a ramimrt or fort, some traces of it
must BHsuredly remain. It woidd be difficult to imagine
that tliere was no such line of defence at Towncreep ;
for if, as I have supposed, a Roman road passed by this
station to Newenden, Lynme, and posisibly to Loncfon, it
would he of the utmost'importaiice to the inhabitants to
maintain their connection witli the north and north-east,
particuhn-ly if they liad an invader from the south at
theij- gates.

I liave several tunes searched for these defences with-
out success, pai'tly Ijecause my search was too much to

24 FURTHER NOTES ON THE

the south and too near to the site of the town. But in
the summer of 1890 I discovered what I had so long
sought for, about a quarter of a mile® or less from the
site, and very near, as I ought to have guessed at first,
to the northern end of the spur. For its northern slope
is broad, and presents a much more gradual declivity
^though still steep) than the eastern and western sides ;
it would therefore have been more important for the
defenders to fortify some spot, which would give them
an uninterrupted view of the whole slope, and of the
valley beyond. In just such a position there is an
earthwork, constructed right across the northern end of
the spur and beyond it, so as to cover the approach from
the north-eastern valley. It is about 600 yards in length,
with a double vallum on the east for two-thirds of the
distance, ending to the west on the precipitous side of
the hill, and to the east in a point from wiiich it would
be possible to see to the bottom of the valley far below.
At this corner another earthwork is plainly discernible,
which was carried at right angles to the principal one
for about 150 yards in a southerly direction, where it
ends some 50 yards from the head of a second valley to
the east of Towncreep. This earthwork consists only of
a single vallum with a deep ditch on the outside. Its
object was doubtless to protect the flank of the defending
force, for the ground outside it on the east is nearly flat
for some distance ; and though the rampart breaks off
suddenly, as if left unfinished, it may have been used as
a post of observation to cover the valley last mentioned.
There would thus have been no '* dead ground" (to use
the military phrase) in the neighbourhood, which was
not commanded eitner by the walls or by the entrench-
ments.

The reader may not unnaturally wonder how sucli
considerable earthworks can have so long escaped notice.
A visit to the spot would solve the mystery at once.
They have been unnoticed for two (apparently contra-
dictory) reasons — the secluded natm^e of the locality and

3 The distance would depend upon the site of the northern wall, which there is
no means of fixing.

MAP OF TOWN CREEP AND NEIGHBOUKHOOD.

The Humbert denote the variotta Altitudei above the i

■.wiji^r "

Y ^N

/( / f / /J^^-

"~^ \

{ i f/\ ^"fo^^

\^^

-"^^gW^-'iA^

\P/M /lc\^

A^'-'"' if \. { '. \^..,.<**^p^^vf

y^^„ J \ ^^-^^r^^ \. (J

"^p^^Zr^:^A^ j rioats(\ Tl,

S,l^!^---^^='*y^ o d S I — ...^ ^

1 E

= ^-t'-'\ / Y? y -1 *--.

/ ^^

VA'-'i-.v — :;v — ^ — ^ \ \- ■

llEFEKKXCE.

A. Traditioual Site of Town.
.B. Conjeiltaredlinmif Komaiiroad. '
.c. Eart h'irorkit( with the ouU-TViiUuni
rvKtorod). I

l.l. Tho "new road" from Xt'thcr-

add to Battle. I

f . TOWIT IIouw.

o. TowwiiH Pecu'e Wood, which in
abonthftlfamilulx'lowim'urly ,
oppnuitc Tt'nt Hill. ,

.H. LaDo from Pcahunt Church to i
Catsflcld.

J . The Afhbiiru vnllej- at it.- tinmiwoKt

l>oii.t.
K. Thf Bredu vHlley almost at its

iiHrrowest piiut.
L. Fox-holp Fnnn.
H. NethiTtield I'lace Fnrm.
.N. Tnu'It to Pouhurst CDttiiftos.
.0. Track lip the eynr )iii<l tliroiigh tht;

ANCIENT SITE CALLED TOWNCEEEP. 35

hat a liigli road fi-oiii Nethorficld to Battle skirts
them for about H)0 yards. This road {or more probably
its predecessor — a i'oivst ti-ack) was cut nght througu
the north-eastern angle of tlie mound. The inner earth-
works and ditch ai-e shrouded troin view by a tliick
grove of Sfotfh Hr; tlie outer tlitt-li has apparently been
tilled uj) ; while a hedge has been planted along the
rampart for about two-thii"ds of its length. The road,
called still "tlie new road," was constracted, I am
informed, in 18i;i, as part of a highway ii-om Lewes to
Battle ; but there can Im; no doubt that it was made upon
a previous waggon-ti-aek.

Unfortunately, this road, as stated above, was not
made without fonsiderable iiijm-y to the earthworks.
Starting from the eastern end, the outer vallum, for about
200 yai'ds, seems to have been removed ; although I
bcHeve the comer fragment of it still exists beneath the
hedge on the north side of the road. The opposite
hedge in earned westwards for these '200 \ardB on the
inner vallum ; after which tlicre is a small gap in tlie
defences, whieh was prolmbly the "porta." From this
point westward for nearly 200 yards the strongest
portion of tlie earthwork reniains entire. Tlic inner
vallum, uidike the outer, seems in-egularly eonsti-ucted,
end vanes considerably in height ; but tlie fos« between
them is still in places eight or nine feet dcej), with a
kind of ledge on its outer side, pi-obably used as a
standing ground foi- tlie defender-s. At about -100 yaixls
or more ft-om the eastern angle the inner vallmn becomes
merged iu the grnuud behind it ; but the outer vallum is
eontiimed for another 200 yards (120 of them in the
open and away from the road) until it ends at length in
a dense thicket on the steep side of the spiu-. It will
be seen fi-om the accompanying sketch-map that the
Htrongest pcn-tion of the defences was at the noi'th-easteni
end, and not immediately behind tlie town ; and from
this fact we nniy draw thi' iilnmst certain conclusion that
their main object was to defend the appmach to the town
by a road, which descended the slope of the hill into the
north-eastern valley. 1 alluded in my last paper to a

26 FURTHER NOTES ON THE

hollow sound produced by a carriage passing over the
road ; tliis is especially noticeable outside the gap, which
I have supposed to be the ** porta."

I believe it will be admitted that the rectangular shape
of these works prove them to be of Roman construction ;
although, perhaps, the use of the double vallum points
to a late period, when the Roman system was modified
by the methods of the Romanised firitons. The mere
existence of earthworks indicates the early date of the
Towncreep settlement ; for, in the opinion of a competent
antiquaiy,* such works were never originated by the
Saxons or Danes, although they sometimes made use of
those already existing. That the Romans employed
earthworks to strengthen the position of walled towns
will not, I suppose, be disputed ; we have an example in
Sussex in the defences called The Broil in the neighbour-
hood of Chichester. At Lincoln there is a formidable
earthwork, about 800 yards from the Newport Gate
and parallel to the northern wall, which was formerly
supposed to be the defence of a British settlement, but
is now generally admitted to be a Roman outwork.

The discovery of these earthworks naturally has an
important bearing on the question whether the town was
defended with walls. With these defences on the north,
would the commanding position of the town at the
southern end of the spur have enabled its inhabitants
to dispense with the protection of walls? My answer
would certainly be in the negative. Earthworks with
a wooden bamer might indeed have been a sufficient
defence, but there is no sign of such earthworks; and
though its strength on the eastern and western sides
would be remarkable, an unwalled town could easily
have been stormed by a superior force advancing up the
southern slope. Possibly the walls were of no giTat
thickness, owing to the strength of the position, and so
were the more easily swept away ; but if the conjecture
be accepted that this was the site of Andredcester, we

« The Rev. Edward Turner, ''On the Military Earthworks of the South Downs/'
**S.A.CV'Vol.in.,p. 177.

ANCTENT SITE CALLED TO\VNCREEP.

shall be less surprised that they are no longer traceable.
It has been well observed^ that the deKtmctioii of Roman
towns in rarely nientifined iu our early records ; most of
them are found under the Saxons in a state of impoi-tance
and independence ; and the Saxon Clu-onicle xspcaks of
the utter destruetion of Andredcestcr as if it were an
unuHual occun*ence. The invaders would doubtless be
80 exasperated at its lung resistance as tn add to the
massaci-e of its inhabitants the total demolition of its
walls.

III. Communicaho7i 0/ the 7'oini with the Sea and with
t}ie Nwtli. — The strategical importance of the position in
a dense furest like tlie Andredsweald, is shown by the fact
that the range of hills to which it belongs is a kind of
watci-shed to the suiTounding country. In the valley
east of Towncreep the Ashbuni takes its rise ; and after
a coiu-se of about ten miles to the south, flows into the
sea at two jioints about three miles apart — one Inaueh
passing almost under the walls of Pcvcnsey Castle, the
other entering the sea at "the Sluice" in the parish of
Bexliill. Immediately to the north of Towncreep the
Brede rises in a nan-ow valley ; and, after a coiu'se of
about four miles to the north-east, turns to the east at
Whatlington, and ivaclies the fsea in another eight miles
near Winchelsea. It is well known that the Brede
valley from Winchelsea nearly as far as Whatlington
was down to the Middle Agew a tidal estuaiy;" but I
think it has not yet been recognised that the Ashbum
valley, at least in the Roman and Saxon periods, was
probably in the same c<mdition.

If anyone doubts it, let him stand on the hill at the
eastern end of Boreham Street, and follow the broad
cm*ve of the valley as it wind« inland from its outlet at
Wai-tliug to the southern entrance of Ashbuniham I'ark.
Between these two points its bottom consists of a rich
alluvial soil, which is always niai-shy and, in the winter
tseajjon, is still sometimes floodf d. It is thus in the last

' Mr. Wright, ■' The Celt, the Roman Hud the Kniou," pagi- 510.

• Prol. M. JIuiTOW*, ■■ The Ciiiijuc I'oct^," p. 10, and his ei^ci'llcul mnp.

28 FURTHER NOTES ON THE

stage of the process, by which an arm of the sea is
converted into a fertile tract of country. It would be
impossible, or at least very difficidt, to get historical
evidence of the condition of so secluded a locality at
different periods of our history. But we have other
sources of information, which are quite as conclusive.
The Ashbum valley is only one of a series of valleys
through which the streams of the great Andred Forest
were carried into the sea. Eastward we have the Brede
and Tillingham valleys, and the larger basins of the
Rother and the Stom*; westward we have the valleys
of the Cuckmere, the Ouse, the Adur and the Arun. All
these present similar features to the Ashburn valley,
from which geology proves that they have been reclaimed
from the sea;^ and respecting some of them history is
not silent. We know that in the Roman period a large
tract of country between Hastings and Hythe, including

Eart of Romney Marsh, was covered by the sea ; and we
ave evidence of the similar condition, a thousand years
ago, of the valleys of the Adur ® and the Ouse.® The
subsequent changes in the surface of the country may be
attributed to three causes : — First, The exclusion oi the
sea by the gradual formation of a barrier of shingle along
the present coast ^**; Secondly, The silting up of the valleys
by the washing down of earth, trees, and vegetable
matter from the hills ; Thirdly, The reduction of volmne
which the streams" underwent in the gradual clearance
of Andred Forest. But where the same causes operate
in neighbouring localities in about equal proportions the
residts will be produced at about the same period; we
may therefore safely conclude, both from its present

' Mantell'8 "Wonders of Geology," Vol. I., pp. 57, 61.

• ** Wanderings of an Antiquary,*' p. 265. Camden pays that " in foregoing
times *' ships went up to Bramber with full sail.

• See ** A Day's Ramble in and about the town of Lewes," by G. A. Mantell,
8to., 1846.

*° See Prof. Burrows interesting work on the Cinque Ports in the series of
** Historic Towns." The barrier is due to the combined action of the flood-tides
and the prevalent south-westerly winds, by what he calls the Law of Eastward
Drift.

" Lvell (** Principles of Geology," I., 567) attributes the keeping open of
to the increased pace at which the tides flow when they meet the
waters of a river.

appoarance and from the knoMti history of itH neighbours
that in the Roman period the Ashbuni valluy waa an
arm of the sea.

How far tlie tides penetmtecl it would he difficult to
say positively \vitliout a careful geological exploration.
Mv ">wii impression is that bet'oiv the partial clearance
of the great forest the sea must have reached at high
tide the southern end of Ashburuliani Park," now called
"The Povnid," aljout two miles'* from Towncreep, and
that in i-enioter ages it probably came nearer still. In
a careful examination I have Ijcen especially stinick with
the level bottoms of tlie valleys of the Ashbuni and of
tlie Brcde even in the immediate neighbom-hood of the
sources of tho.se Htream,4. In the one case from " The
Pound " to the foot of the Towncreep spur, and in the
other from the north side of the spur to Wluitlingtim,
the valleys, even M'hei'e they arc vcr}' naiTow, are as flat
an if they had been levelled. In the latter ease the fact
ig a good deal obscured at iixvt by the dense tliickets,"
through wliich the stream passes ; but in the ease of the
Ashbuni it is especially sti-ildng. Wlietlier this is due
to natural or artificial causes I am unable to say. The
volume of the stream must have been much greater
fourteen hundred years ago than at jtresent ; but its
bed is faii'ly deep, and there are indications that the
side of the hill below Pcen's Wood (marked G in the
sketch-map) has been cut away to wideu the level space
on the Jignt bank. There would thus be a clear course
by laud or wafer over gi-ouiid of which the fall is
scarcely perceptible frfjm the foot of the spur to the
walls of l^evensoy Castle. If we add to tliis the fact
that a like clear conmiunication was available with
the Brede estuary on the north-east, and probably with

" " Puddlu Dock," meiitioQfd in my last paper, in a kind of baidii in the hills
on the wuiit of ttw Tallt-r about a qnarter of a raOv xiuth of Boivluuti. Ih it
nwrelj a Doiut.-ideuL'e tliat iieithvr of thvM: word? U <I(;rivi'(l from Ujc Saxou f —
"pudiUp" bpliig from the Cdtic "plod." '"Hooded water" nnd "dotk" from
the Low Ijitiu " doga," " n ba.y_ or btwiii " (Hkest). Are tliiTc any other places
■o oUlod on other Sukkx enIuorirH i

'* In tnr Wl panor the dlstontT was riatcd ineorrectlT ux about a mile. Tent
""1, loo, in more than hnlf-u-mile (not 300 j-nrdn) from the fjiat.

In one. Dt Iheflc thickets there vs a very maTKhr npot, scrusH which there runs
nu <TinbankiD(iRt of earth, toUowing no modem path.

30 FURTHER NOTES ON THE

Newenden," the presumption is surely strengthened that
the remains on the spur are Roman.^*

The question of the Roman line of commimication
between Kent and Sussex ha« never been seriously faced,
and we are entitled to ask whether a better route can be
suggested than the one here proposed. Apart from the
certainty that such communication would exist between
the twin fortresses of Lymne and Pevensey, we must
not forget that the Soutn Downs and their neighbour-
hood abound with evidences of the Roman occupation.
Besides the fortified camps of Cissbury and Seaford and
the fortress of Bramber, villas have been discovered at
Bignor, Portslade, Southwick, Eastbourne, and other
places ; the hill-tops are covered with earthworks ; traces
of Roman cemeteries are conunon ; and the Roman road
from Chichester to Pevensey, called the Stone-street, must
have been one of the great highways of the province.
It is surely inconceivable that this population was
obliged to journey to London by way of Winchester,^''
or could only reach the Kentish fortresses by a voyage
up the Channel. The number of creeks and estuaries to be
crossed would make a coast route very imlikely ; we can
therefore only conclude that there were roads through the
forest. The roads from Pevensey to Lymne and London
are both indicated in Richard's Itinerary, and the latter
of the two may have branched ofi^ to the north in the
neighbourhood of Towncreep TSylva Anderida?). Its
route would be difficult to follow, as only one other
station (Noviomagus) is mentioned; but if that station
be rightly identified with the encampment at Holwood
Hill, near Bromley, the Roman road from the south

1^ I have not been able to examine the country between Whatlington and
Newenden. But see Note 20.

!• Where the Bomans had established themselves on an estuary or at its mouth
there seems to have been frequently a settlement at or near its head. The Bignor
Villa is near the head of the Arun, Bramber Castle is at the h^ul of the Adur,
Lewes (said to be Mutuantonis) at the head of the Ouse, Newenden near the head
of the Kother.

" This is a reductio ad absurdum of the position of those who believe that the
Itinerary of Antoninus is exhaustive and that the Roman roads did not pierce the
great forest. Mr. Napi>er ('* 8. A. C./' Vol. XXXI.) seems to incline to the latter
view, though, by identifying Venta with Havant, he does not take the Sussex
travellers so far to the west.

ANCIENT SITE CALLED TOWNCREEP.

■which passes near it must be thy road in question.'*
Tho other stations may have been mert'ly temporary
camps, of which one waif probably iu the parish of
Peushurst."' The dii-ection of this n)ad near Towncroop
can only be guessed at ; but it would pi-obably have
parsed up the Robertsbridge valley, on a hill above
which is a sjjot called Coldharbour — a name said to be
a sure indication of the vicinity of a Roman road."

The course of these roads is jjerhajis a matter of
greater imjKJrtance tlian tlie name of the town at
Peiihurst, wliicli may never be known witli certainty.
Along the valleys which I have tried to describe,
difficult as the country was, the portage of goods by
land or water — of Sust^ex iron"' and Kentish wheat —
would be comparatively easy. Hut if IVnhurst was not
only the site ot the chief town of the Sussex u-on district,
but also the scene of the last desperate struggle of the
Britons for existence, it would double the interest
attaching to the spot.

In the dim light which hlstoiy throws upon these
distant ages, we may be allowed for a moment to give
rein to the imagination. The reflection arises that Time
seems strangely capricious in its choice of the centi-es of
activity. The Ashburu valley, wliich with our teeming
population is quieter now than all its sister valleys, may
formerly have been the only t>ne of them that was alive
with the commerce oi' a noui-isliing jirovuice. For a
ccutm-y at least, perhaps, i-afts or barges constantly

'* Mr. Nojipof (" Ou the MenfluroiaeuU of Plolcmy, ic," "S. A. C." Vol.
XXXI., p. CT)) mcntiiitu thU road, tliongh witbuut ofTuring n cvnjei^ture aa to ita
■Urtliig -point.

" Cunden naji tbnt tho plooi wna uidetiU;r ctiUed PcucIidkIci ; aud Huxted
("llistorr (it Keut") ii]]|iliea that there fs a Itoniau etstiou traceable in the
|ian>h. If KO, the rimiliuil^ of name to Penhiintt may nut be iiuile accidental.

•" •" Waiiderinp- of ou Antiquaty," pp. 37C-7, In Ihi; dciivution bom Col d'atbr*
piQ] ul Ibc trw) F Thvrv in a Coldliarboiir on the oulJiWrto of Dalliiifrton, vliich
ia tn Tiew, I think, of Tuwncreep, about tvo miles uS. I am informed that there
i* anothor placid of thin iinine iu the parish of Evhuret, which parish is in the
lUm-t line between WtntUuKton and howenden.

•' Thin metal tarmud "the great proportion" of tlie ttomau exports from
Britain ("The Celt, the Konuin and Saxon," p. 291); yet the Emperor Julian, in
SSil, Kent BIK) veuicla to fetch com ^m l^tain tor the cities ot the Khine ; and
Utbbon calculates [Vol. II., p. 422J that the amount then cipOTt«d must have
iMOTi at lM*t 1^0,000 •luartere.

32 NOTES ON THE ANCflENT SITE CALLED TOWNCREEP.

passed down it, laden with iron, to be stored in the
miUtary fortress for shipment from Pevensey Haven.
But when Ella and Cissa, after ten years fighting along
the coast, turned their prows up the estuary to subdue
the forest fastness, the doom of the industry was sealed.
And from the fatal day, just fourteen himdred years ago
(491), when the Saxon chiefs wreaked their vengeance
upon the last remnants of the Roman power, it was
many centuries before the forgeman's hammer, now
again silent, was heard once more in the forests of the
Weald.

AK ANCIENT CORNISH CROSS IN SUSSEX.

By AUTHTJR G. LANGDON, Es«.

It is not, I believe, generally known that there is an
extremely fine old Cornish Cross to be neen in the
Manor HouHe Gif>unds, at EaHtboume,' of which, so far
a» 1 am aware, no di-awing or deHcnption lias up to the
preweut time appeared. A shoi-t paper embodying them
may therefore be acceptable in yom- "Collections," for,
as a Coniishnian, I venture to think that a relic so
valuable (to us at least) should certainly have its place
in your county hiatory.

Jly attention was called to it by Mr. H. Micholl-Wliitley,
and, in response to Ids invitation, 1 vi«ted Eastbourne
oil Saturday, Sept. 27th, 1890. He had given me no
particulars whatever regaiMiing the cross or its decora-
tion, HO that on seeing it, 1 was at once surprised and
pleased to find mt fine an example. Assisted by him,
I was able to get some very good mbbings of the
ornament, and, on my retm*n, had them duly photo-
graphed to .Hcale, a process wliicli ensures an accurate
deluieation.

At first sight it appears strange to find a Cornish cross
in Sussex, and a visitor naturally wonders how it came
there, but ample particulars are at hand which fully
explain the apjiarent mystery. As you are aware, the
Mauor llcmse is now owned by the Gilbert family, and
by ti-acing their liistory, we find that at the close of the
last century an only child and heiress, named Mary Ann

' II luaj be narth mentioidiig that the ctom at EoAtboiimo is not the only
■' utrangvr in a atfange land," lor about 14 or 15 yean, ago two other Coniisli
iTiwwi" *erv to bt *uinj in the (ront garden of a house in the Weetminster Bridge
Road, but Ihcj- have dtnappcared. for wme time. There is jet another—atill
fuitbuT off, in Conada. mentioo of whicli u made in the "Western Antiqaaiy,"
at Xaj. isn.
XXXvm.

34 AN ANCIENT CORNISH CROSS IN SUSSEX.

Gilbert, married Davies Giddy, whose family were
settled at Tredrea, in the parish of St. Erth, near
Hayle, Cornwall. Adopting the name of Gilbert, he
settled at Eastbomne, and, being a distinguished man
of science, was at one time President of the Royal
Society. Amongst other works, he compiled * ' A History
of Cornwall."

The particulars relating to the removal of the cross
are not Known, beyond the fact that Mr. Davies Gilbert
had it brought to Eastbourne, it is supposed, from his
estate at Tredrea.

In the days when the cross was taken from Cornwall
there were of course no railways, and it is therefore
natural to imagine that it was shipped at Hayle, a port
in St. Erth parish, and brought roimd by sea to Sussex.

A small Drass plate on the back of the cross is
inscribed —

REMOVED FROM
CORNWALL

IN
MDCCCXVII.

But to one accustomed to these monuments no plate is
necessary to associate it with the county whence it came,
since it is a typical example of a Cornish cross, both as
regards its shape and ornamentation. It belongs to that
class known as *' Wheel crosses with projections at the
neck," i.e., having at the place where the head and
shaft join, a bold bead running from front to back, an
architectural feature not found out of Cornwall. Rarely
is one of this type decorated, and then but sparingly ;
this one, however, is the most ornate of all. Only six
others of this kind are ornamented, and will be found at
the following places, viz. : — In Penzance Market Place ;
on Connor Down, Gwinear ; at Scorrier, St. Day ; in the
churchyards of Roche and Mylor; and in the disused
churchyard at Merther Uny, St. Wendron. The two
first named are enriched in the same manner as the
cross at Eastbourne, chiefly by panels of little holes —
an especially Cornish feature.

AN AXCIKNT CORSISH CROSS IN SUSSEX.

On looking at tlie drawing, it will bo seen tliat the
cross has l)een mounted on a substructure consisting
of three steps. The upper one is very small, and is
intended simply to Hteady the monolith which passes
through it, and in reality rests on the second step. The
ornament hidden by the top step has been completed
in the drawing by dotted lines, as there can be little
doubt that it is so finished, since tlie same designs occur
on another side.

Like the inscriljed and ornamented cross at Trevena,
Tintagel, this one is made of white elvan, a very hard
loc^l stone, in textm'e resembling a tine granite. The
material used for nearly all the others being the ordinary
moorland or surface gi-anite. It is in a very fair state
of preservation, though a little chipped in places. The
cunous depi-ession in the head may be due to the cleft
made in quarrpng not being sti-aight. The head is not
circulai", but flattened on its horizontal axis. At the
neck, or junction with the shaft, are on either side the
i-ounded jirojoctions already referred to. The shaft has
beaded angles and a very pronounced entasis, which is
not only apparent in outline, but also on the sm-face of
tbu stone.

Vinu'tmoiis. — Height, from top of second step,
8-ft. a-in. ; width of head, S-ft. 8-in. ; width of shaft
at the t<jp, 1-ft. 8-in., at the bottom, 2-ft. 1-in. ; thick-
ness, at tlie bottom, 17^in., tapeiing to lOg-in. at the
neck, and to about 5-in. at the top.

Each face of the shaft is divided by ht)nzontaI Unes
into panels, the front and back being subdivided by a
vci-tical line. With the exception of a boss on the head,
incised work only is employed in the decoration of this
moimnient.

The following is a description of the ornament : —

Jiif/ht Sirh. — This is divided into seven panels. Eveiy
alternate panel, commencing from the top, contains little
boles ill regular i-ows, the intermediate panels being plain.

Frmit. — On the liead, below the centre, is a boss,
surrounded at its base; by an incised line. Three
spherical triangles are ranged round the boss, one above

P 2

36 AN ANCIENT COENISH CROSS IN SUSSEX.

it and one on either side, slightly below, each being
similar in shape, to the spaces between the limbs and
ring of a fonr-holed cross. In the two spaces between
the upper spherical triangle and the lower ones, on
either side, is a T-shaped figure, or Tau cross, the
shaft of each, radiating from the centre of the boss.
About the point where the head and shaft join, is a
horizontal Ime, connecting those forming the beads on
the angles. From the extremities of each is a diagonal
line sloped upwards to the bottom of the boss, and in
either projection at the neck is a small hole. The shaft
is diviaed into nine panels. At the top is a plain square
one, the full width of the shaft, the remainder of which
is divided vertically by an incised line, converting the
panels below into elongated couples. The single panel at
the top is imomamented, and the pair beneath are filled
with little holes in regular rows. Next a plain pair,
followed by another pair, again containing little holes, as
before. The bottom couple are partly hidden in the
top step. That on the right hand appears to contain the
common feature of diagonal lines from comer to comer,
that on the left being similar, except that instead of the
diagonal lines intersecting, they are stopped against the
circumference of an incised circle, placed in the middle
of the panel, and having a diameter of about one-third
of the width of the panel.

Left &Vfe.— This IS divided into eight panels. Com-
mencing at the top with a plain one, the alternate panels
are filled with little holes in regular rows, xmtil the
seventh is reached. This contains what is apparently a
St. Andrew's cross ; the lines, however, do not intersect,
and are increased in width towards the centre of the
panel. The eighth or bottom panel is unomamented.

Back. — On the head, below the centre, is an incised
circle, in place of a boss. Excepting this, the ornament
is siinilar to that on the front, though the three spherical
triangles are distributed somewhat differently, and the
shafts of the T's between them are much longer. The
ends of the line forming the surrounding bead, are sud-
denly turned upwards m a diagonal direction towards

AS ANCIENT COBJSISH CROSS IN SUSSEX.

the centre of the circle. The triangular space thus
fonued above the top of the shaft is enriched with two
straight Hues, wMch, starting fi-om the middle point of
tlic lower side of the diagonal lines just mentioned, and
making an angle of i-'/ with them, meet at a point in
the ceuti-e of the horizontal line which connects the ends
of the vertical beads on the angles of the shaft. A hole"
has i-ecently been sunk below the incised circle, and
another on the shaft, between the fourth paii- of panels.

The shaft is divided info seven paii's of panels by an
incised line down the middle, similar to that on the ti-ont,
and contains the following decoration: — (1) At the fop,
two plain panels, wliich arc much longer than the others.
Across the u})per part of theso is fixed the brass plate to
wliich reference has aln-ady been made. The next four
pairs of panels arc nearly square. (2) Ornamented with
little holes. (3) Plain. (4) Similar to 2. (5) Right
panel, plain ; left panel, a figure like that just described
m the right bottom panel of the front. (6) A pair of
longer {lancls; viz., in the right, diagonal lines from
corner to comer ; in the left, a panel of little holes as
bet'ow. (7, or bottom) Plain.

The above history and descnption of the cross,
embrace all that is at present known to me regarding
it. Reft-'j-ence to its age is too delicate a question to
enter upon, and for this reason has been avoided ;
because, curious though if may appear, we ai-e — with
the exception of one doubtful case" — actually without
any liistorical or doexmientary evidence connected with
the date, or reason for the erection of the older Cornish
cn»sBcs. Consequently any attempt to determine the age
would be mere guess work, and apt to be misleading,

* 'Iteae holiw Ktem fo unggcft that the eroas wa* at oue timfc iited as a gain
Mnt. UiifoilunBtclf , tb!« U a yerj commou ciiftoin iii Cornwall, and much to be
oepKuited. DoEcnit ot (T(w«'s bear thene marke, and in Kome oo^s tin? lugi^, or
Iroii lioulu, for HupporUng the gate, yet rcmaio. Some tialf-doEen monumenta
an acttiall.T "tUl in Ufc ut tho jirescnt tinie for tliie degrading purpose, amongf^t
which mnj be mcntiontd tbe beautiful inewibcd and ornamented otws shaJt at
Bi»«ivcr, St. BloMcy.

* At RL-dgatr, in the parixh of St. Clccr, in an inscribed and ornamented I'hafI,
IwuHnii iIki ntoiii' ••! ri'inicrt, raid to be i-^onj^nous with Dungi-rtb, u King oc
IMlKxi ot CiicnwiUl, who wan druwnL-d in a.u. ST2.

38 AN ANCIENT CORNISH CROSS IN SUSSEX.

since no example of a similar monmnent is known to
exist to winch a date can, with any certainty, be assigned.
At the same time, there can be little doubt that the cross
at Eastbourne is a very early one.

In conclusion, I have to thank Mr. Michell-Whitley
for bringing this monument before my notice, and also
for his help in taking the rubbings, &c., and supplying
me with the notes relating to the family who erected
^^ An ancient Cornish cross in Sussex."

ORDWANnE ?0R THE BETTER OBSERVANCE OF THE
OBITS AND SKHVIOKS FOR THE DEAD, THROUGHOUT

Tin-: si'HoRiUN'ATi-: foundations of CLUNI.

By Silt GEORGE F. DUCKETT. Bart., F.S.A.

The following singular and importaut document, being
an Ordinance emanating fnini the Priory of la Cliarit^
urn* Ijoire to itH several affiliations in France and
Knglund, should of right have found its place among
tlic lately published Chartors and Records of the
JIouaHticnn Cluniaeense Anglicauuui. It has, however,
only reeeiitlv been ac(|uiri;d by the French National
LibraiT, antl tor its transcript, made witli liis own
hand, we have to tender om- sineercBt obUgations to
M. I-^opohl Delislc, the eminent Dii-eetor-General of that
establishment. Tlie peculiar value and interest which
attach to tlds record, arc a sufficient apology for its
present, though somewhat tardy publication, but it seems
especially suited to the pages of these "Collections,"
(H'oing tliat Lewes Priory (possibly conjointly ■\vith the
Benedictine Abbey of Battle) was the house principally
conceriicd in the tlue execution of the ordinance.

The mode and order enipUt^-ed for transmitting notice
of deaths occumng among members of all Cluniac
fomidatioiis, subordinate to the Priory of la Charity, is
interestingly set foith, and affords a cmious example of
the reciprocal sj-steni of announcing the fact, both in
France and England. Longue\-ille,^ in the vicinity- of

' LongucTille, in the Pays de Caiu, Ilt» betwwn I>iq)pe uud Rouen. It wm
Uio Kent of a Climinc pruir; dedicated to St. Faith, and founded iii IDStJ bT
Wiltcr Uifford, Karl of Longuevillc in Noniuiiid;. and Earl of Buckingham iii
England, who. dj'ing in 11D2, wax there buried. Amoug other endowment*, he
ate it the mjuiur of NewIou-LongriUc in Buck», from wMcti the c«ll there
loniidud diMvcd its appellation.

fiotli t)u> iiutli- atid monaatcTj of LongueWlle wvre long Imown as Longuerillc-
Vtfbud (or Guiffaid) ; B™ maudate dutwl at Koucn ((. Hen. VI.), to the boilifl of
Caux, to induct I(ubn-t Fabri to the ohaptl of the caatle of LongueTilla-OuiSard
-. — . ■ -.«. ■,....«,_......_ ... ,-^_. , -» -0 the

40 ORDINANCE FOB OBSEEVANCE OP THE OBITS, ETC.

Dieppe, was the priory named from which such notice,
occurring among French ecclesiastics, was to be for-
warded to England, and to which, on the other hand,
similar intelligence of deaths was to be brought, occur-
ring among those of the same order in England.

For the due circulation of such information, it had
been customary in olden time, but had apparently some-
what fallen out of use, as we learn from the document,
to send messengers from one convent to all others of the
same order, notifying the decease of any member, or
members of the community. This laudable practice was
observed, to the intent that they might be remembered
in the masses, or services for the souls of the dead ; being
the doctrine of the efficacy of prayer for the departed.

The situation of Longueville Prioiy, from its vicinity
to Dieppe, was eminently adapted for this purpose of
communication, and that port was plainly selected as
the most accessible for the Sussex coast, from whence to
pass or repass the Channel, either for Lewes or Battle.*
Its prior (m conjunction with the priors and procurators
of all other Cluniac foundations), was called upon to
transmit and receive all such notices, as they arrived;
and the infringement of this obligation, or its neglect,
was punishable by exclusion from communion of the
Church, and other penalties. This we learn from the
concluding words of the record.

Without such reciprocal interchange, troublesome and
tedious though it was, neither the Bead- TBede-J roll ' of
the order (soliciting the prayers of the faithful), or the
Obit-roll* (containing the deaths of the brethren and

' Dieppe was opposite to Rje, one of the Cinque-Ports, and both these seaports
were much used in the days of the Plantagenet Kings, and even later. The
latter was the ancient port of departure for the Continent, and to it, in 1572, the
refugees escaped from Dieppe. This last was from the earliest times, the chief
French port for the embarkation and disembarkation of troops, to and fro, even
when en route for Calais from this country.

' A bead (or bede) is tantamount to a prayer (Jacob, Law Diet.) The bead-roll
was a list of deceased persons, for the repose of whose souls a certain nimiber of
prayers were recited, and as such was necessary and used for keeping the o6ti, or
anniversary of their death ; observing such days with prayers.

' Obits were the solemn services for the dead, or for the repose of a departed
soul, performed before interment ; as well as thoee on the anniversaiy of a person's
deatii.

OEDINANCE FOB OBSERVANCE OF THK OBITS, ETC. 41

their anniversaiy services), could be either properly
draflii up or recorded ; hence the Ordinance for the
renewal, and pr<jper observance of the practice ; from
a neglect of ■w'liicli (obKeiTci* the document), the dead
had in many cases been depi-ived of that "holy and
wholesome thouglit," namely, the offering up of prayei"H,
by which they were looked ti-om their sins.

Universis preeentcs litteran iiispectmis, frater Johannes,
himiilin prior de Caritate, & ejusdem loci couventus,
ealutem in Domino. Cum saiicta & salubris sit cogitatio
pn> defunctis orai'e ut a peccatis soivantur, ne fratres
sub domo de Caiitate ubilibet habitantes, de hoc seculo
migratun, non auditis cormn obitibus,* quod ob defer-
endorum brcvium neghgenciam multocicns novinius
evenisse, dcbitis oratioimm MullraeiiK defraudeutur; Nos,
antiqumn & pium statutum, in ecclesia nostra de Karitate
pro fatribus nnstris defunctis hue usque laudabihter
obsen-atum, i*enovare volentes, statuinms, et, ut per-
petuitateni obtineat, illud Banctuni utatutuni appi'oI)ando
mmniniitcr conflrmaiims, sc;illcet, quod uni famulo in
donio nostm de Caritate, depiitato defunctonmi fratnmi
brevibus deferendis provitleafur, sicut hactenus et diu est
consuetmn, statuentes ut idem famidus, quotieus in eadcni
domo fititrem obii'c contigerit, infra biduum post ipsius
obituni iter an-ipiat, ejusdem fratris breve* portaturus
per omnes douius ad ecelesiaiii de Karitate pertinentcs
citm mare Anglic constitutas. In quacun({ue autem
dictarum domoruni venerit, quotiens novimi breve detu-
Icrit, una nocte sufficienter procui-abitur, & sex denaiioa
monetc cuiTentis percipiet, a jjriore vel procuratore sive
cclerario ejusdem dunms wbi, antequam dictam domum
exeat, sine aliqiia diftii-ultate persolvendoK, Cum autem
apud Longam Villam venerit, ibidem breve dimittet, &
cum litteris prions vel conventus ejusdem donms, si
prior pi-eseus non fuerit, nomeri brevigeii tcuoremquo
brovis continontibus, apud Karitateui i-edibit. Prior

* Bcove would be Miti dtcd announcing tlie death of a nK^mtKr of a mouaslk-
fraUmilj ; it wiv- uLki the circulnr notice or certiiiciito ot it. forWBrdL>d from onu
MnTBnt to aaolJit.-r of thi- namv otdcr : breve nuirlm/riim, or rft defnnetis. iir pro

ttfuMClu (Dtt Cange). It was from tliiB IIluI tht: btud-roll, or tegi.-Wr of dcalha

o bo {njDd for wu cututilutcd.

42 ORDINANCE FOR OBSERVANCE OF THE OBITS, ETC.

vero, vel celerarius de Longavilla, per primum nuncium

auem post breve susceptum in Angliam transfi-etabit,
lud destinabunt ad propinquiorem de domibus nostris
in Anglia constitutis,** ut inde ad alias domos possit
transfeni. Illud quoque in virtute obedientie firmiter
precipimus omnibus prioribus et procuratoribus domorum

3ue sunt citra mare Anglie constitute, ut ille in cujus
omo frater decesserit, de brevi transmittendo sibi pro-
videat, ut infra triduum post ipsius fatris obitum, nuncius
ejus iter arripiat apud Karitatem, dictum breve delaturus.
Priores vero domorum nostrarum in Anglia posit arum,
infra octo dies post obitum fratrum penes ipsos deceden-
tium nuncios proprios, cum brevibus ft-atinim deftinctorum,
apud Longam Villam iter aggredi faciant, & ipsi nuncii,
cum illuc brevia detulerint antedicta, cum litteris prioris
vel conventus ejusdem domus, si prior presens non fuerit,
nomen nuncii tenoremque brevis continentibus, ad domos
redibunt unde missi ftierunt. Que videlicet brevia, cum
apud Longam Villam frierint deportata, ibidem conser-
ventur, quousque per brevigerum ejusdem domus, cum
ad nos venerit, vel per nostrum, cum illuc iverit,
apud Caritatem deportentm\ Omnium autem domorum
nostrarum fi^tribus firmiter injungimus, ut ea die qua
breve susceperint, pro fratibus defunctis quicquid ordo
Cluniacensis exigit facere non omittant. Quicumque
autem prior, vel procurator, ubilibet habitans, breve
fratris apud ipsum defuncti ad locum sibi determinatum
& infra terminum sibi prefixum, sicut superius est
expressum, transmittere neglexerit, ex time in antea,
quousque illud transmiserit, potum omnimodo liquoris
preterquam aquam, & introitum ecclesie sibi noverit
interdictum. Actum anno Domini M** CC° XL** septimo,
die Assumptionis beate Marie.

[^Original draft; among the Additional Latin MSS. of tlic
National Library of France ; No. 2566^ inevu 4,']

* The nearest Climiac moiiasteiy would have been that of Lewes.

INCISED atUiKIXOS ON THE rUJ.VRS OF
SOJIE SUS.SEX cnociiES.

By H. MICHELL -WHITLEY, Esq.

SoMK fcnv iiiDiitlis ago my attoiitiuu was called by Mr. G.
M. AtkiiL-Jini t(i «(imc incised inarkiiig.4 (in the pillars of
St. llaryV Cliurch, Eastboui'iie.

The main body of the church is of transitional Nonnan
date, and on the original tooled surface of the pillaiti
many marks are apparent.

In the nave interlaced circles are found; but in the
chancel, and there only, fishes of various fonu take the
place of the circles.

1 tlicrefore made u cixreful examination of the church,
and took rubbings of the markings, and also extended
my enquiries to the churches of Westliani and Pevensey,
in the same district.

A selection ti-oni the niljbiiigs is shown in the plate,
and their position is as follows : —

St. Makv's, EAaTBOLTisE.

1. Ini'-iiied carving of a lish — Cliancel.

2. luused carving of n (tnlt — N(irlii-«aflt rospond chance!.

3. luciived uarving of a AbIi — On Isl jiier from east eud of chancel,

south side.

4. Innsed carviug of vcscica piscia form — On 2nd pier from east end

in souUi aisle of choir.
5 and 6. Incised carving of vescica piscis form — On 2nd pier from
east end in south aisle of thoir.

7. Incised cawing, with banner and inscription, now illegible — On Ist

pier from east eud, south aisle of choir.

8. Incised earring — On 1st pier from east end, south aisle of choir.

9. Crosses — Soiith-weHt respond of chancel.

10, n, 12. Interlaced circles — From piers of nave.

Wkstham.
13 nod H, Interlaced circles — On pillar in nave, and on south pier of
tower areh,

44 INCISED MABKINQS ON THE PILLARS

Pevensby.

15. Concentric circles — On pillar in nave.

16. Greek crosa.

17. Cross of the Resurrection.

18. Latin cross.

These three crosses are on the arch of the north doorway of the
church, and outside.

It will be at once noticed that the markings consist of
fishes, circles, and crosses, the two latter being cut more
deeply than the former.

The interlaced circles are an emblem of the Trinity,
and the three crosses, each of a different type, on tne
north (or Devil's) door at Pevensey are curious.^

Mason's marks are often met in old work, and some
curious markings, for which no explanation has been yet
given, have been found on some chm-ches in Warwick-
shire. They consist of cup markings intersj^ersed with
grooves, and incised circles with rays diverging from the
centre ; but most of these are outside and on the south
walls of the churches.

The most interesting of these markings arc undoubtedly
the fish carved in the chancel of St. Mary's, Eastbourne;
they are restricted, as before mentioned, to that portion
of the building, and evidently had some meaning, but
what that was is a question of some little difficulty. I
am not myself acquainted with any such markings else-
where,^ nor am I aware of their having been noticed
before in Sussex churches, whilst several competent
antiquaries to whom they have been submitted acknow-
ledge they have never met with them before, and are
unable to throw much light on the subject.

It has been suggested that they are mason's marks,
but their position, carving, etc., will not bear out this
theoiy, whilst their shape varies much from the recog-
nized fish mason's mark, which is of this form, —

1 At Arlington Church I have lately found interlaced and concentric circles,
similar to those at Westham and Pevensej.

* I am indebted to Mr. Arthur Langdon for the information that there ore two
flah markings in the Crypt of Gloucester Cathedral.

OP SOME SUSSEX CHURCHES. 45

The fish was, as is well known, one of the earliest
8)nnbols of Christ, the Greek name containing the initials
of the names and titles of our Saviour ; but it does not
appear probable, from the variation in form which occurs,
that these markings were intended for this symbol.

Another suggestion that has been made is that they
are typical of the miraculous draught of fislies ; those in
the chancel were some of the hundred and fifty and three,
which had been drawn up into the more sacred part of
the church from the nave, and signified the clergy.

But a more probable meaning has been suggested to
me by the Rev. W. A. St. John Dearsly, who is of
opinion that they are marks indicating the payment of
tithe on fish. Such tithe, it is well known, was formerly
paid, and was collected up to a very recent date in the
West of England, and Eastbourne was in the past, as
now, a great fishing station.

I trust that this short notice of these extremely inter-
esting marks may lead to a carefiil examination of other
churches, in order to elucidate their meaning.

In conclusion, I nmst express my thanks to Mr. Arthur
Langdon and the Rev. W. A. St. John Dearsly, for
assistance cordially rendered.

WEST GRINSTEAD CHURCH AND THE RECENT
DISCOA^ERIES IN THAT EDIFICE.

By J. LEWIS ANDEE, Esq., F.S.A.

The parish of West Grinstead is one of the most
interesting in Sussex, partly on account of its church,
partly from its connection with the unfortunate, but
staunch Royalist family of the Carylls, and lastly from
its association with Sir William Burrell, whose extensive
collections, now in the British Museum, must make
his name ever ^^ dear to every Sussex Archaeologist." ^
The interest attaching to the church has been greatly
increased by the discoveries made during the restoration
of the edifice, wliich has just been completed, and the
present paper is intended to supplement the information
respecting the building given m former pages of the
^^ S. A. C," and to call attention to the features recently
brought to light.

No record is made of this parish in Domesday Book,
but it is mentioned in the Taxation of Pope Nicholas IV.,
1291, and in the Nonae Roll of (circa) 1341.* It was

Sart of the possessions of the De Braose's, Lords of
tramber, and the Manor passed successively to the
Halsham, Seymour, Shirley, UaryH, and Burrell families.
Lower, in ms ^^ History of Sussex," says that " very
little of the land in the parish was granted away to
monastic institutions."' Be this as it may, it is recorded
that William de Braose, in 1269, granted the Abbey of
Dureford some lands in West Grinstead,* wliich (m a

* Rev. Edward Turner, in " S. A. C," Vol. XXn., p. 11.

' ** HuMej's Churches of Kent, Sussex, and Surrey, '' p. 177.
» Lower, ** ffistory of Sussex," Vol. 11., p. 239.

* See ** 8. A. C," Vol. XXVI., p. 225.

WtKT GRINSTEAD CHUKCH. 47

arter confirming the gi-ant, iii 1290,} be describes as
having boon given the monks in uxchangi! for other land
at " Finden." " Some property here, called Dallingfold,
appertained to the "free chapel of St. Leonards," " and
there were "Lamp lands," which I)eIonged to Steyning
Parish Church.' From tliis it would ajjjjcar that a fail-
share of the soil was devoted to ecclesiastical pui-poses.

The church at West Grinstead is dedicated to St.
George, B fact BUjjjKii-ted by seveml extracts from Sussex
wills, given in " S. A. C." Probably the first erection
was oa a humble scale, but if so, it must speedily have
given place to one of a moro ambitious character, as
nearly the whole of the jirescnt editioe retains Nonnan
features." Of the original Imilding probably the western
part of the north wall of tliL' nave, as it now exists,
tonned part ; it is of herring-bone masonr)- of rude
construction, and in which a couplet of round-headed
lancets have been pai-tly uncovered dming the recent
repairs. East of these openings, and at a higher level,
was found a Nonnan lancet, now to bo Keen close to the
north doonvay ; an aumbry of the same date has been
re-opcned in the east wall of the chancel, wlulst the
Houtli wall of the aisle and the lower part of the tower
«tairs turret are of the same pcn(jd. Fifjni this it will
be seen tliat a building nearly as large as tlie present
one must have existed at no distant date fnim the
Conquest.

A view of the church, taken from the south-west, is
given ui Vol. XXII. "8. A. C," accompanied by a
uescription of the edifice and its moimments. The

* Sale I'licry nltpo liod liinds nt Went CirinsUiid. " Julyana, tlie wife of Philip
ir. Byne," gave it " nU ht* loads and t«iieinciit« in hyne. in the pumli of West
Grinstrad. lutd Jiuiob Ae. llpie, wbQ wn» oac at the jurors in uiukiiig the Sonas
tstum tot W<^ 0rl)u<trad, a right of wu; tlicuuRh hln field culled ' Honuneiireld '
la tlie load callnl ' ^lorgcn Mckd,' which Lad hern given to the monks tj his
djUrAnnn."— "S. A. C," Vol. X., p. HH.

* Klneii. " CsMtled and MaOsioiu of Woattiru Kui««i," p. V2, note.
' "S.A.C," Vol. VIII., p. 132,

• '■ 8. A. C." Vol. XII., pp. i)3, lOfl.

• Thu adjacent pariBlies of Ashuret. Cowlold, and Nuthurrt are immentioned
in Dumcodar Book, which records tliat of Shipley (Stpelei) aatj. Thi- eiiiitunee
u( 1ar)tv Nonnan ediflit.« ut Went UrinKteod. Stiiple.y. and WtHboroOjih Grera
toaa «tcr tii; Uouiiiie«t, ("howB thut a muniTou« population niu>t have Bprung up
■iKirtljr uftur tUat eteut.

48 WEST GRINSTEAD CHURCH.

following remarks will therefore trench as little as
possible on what has already been written.

The building at present consists of a nave of four
bays, opening by three arches into a south aisle, and by
one into a tower, placed at the east end of the latter ; a
chancel of two bays and of the same width as the nave
opens by a wide modem arch into a south chapel, also
of two bays and extending to the extreme east end of
the sanctuary. The north doorway is moulded as at the
adjacent church of Cowfold, and, uke it, is covered with
a beautiful 3rd Pointed wooden porch. No additions to
the fabric have been made during the recent restoration.
A tower placed as here at the end of the south aisle
may be noticed in some other Sussex examples, as at
Lurgashall, Midhurst, and Warnham. There is no west
doorway, a feature also wanting in many local edifices,^®
but there is an interesting southern entrance of good
Norman work ; it has a circular head of two orders, the
outer having a pointed-edged roll springing from two
moulded capitals, the shafts of which have perished ;
the inner order has an edge roll which is continued
round the entire opening.^^ During the recent works
the enti'ance to the tower stairs inside the south wall
was re-opened, and is an extremely picturesque feature,
with a long, narrow circular-headed doorway, by which
the newel staircase is approached. This last leads to a
chamber in which the bells are now hung, and in the
walls of this room are small aumbries of oblong shape,
with rebates, in which are holes on either side, showing
that they were closed in with lifting shutters, and not
hung on hinges, but fixed by bolts. ^*

^^ There are no west doorways at Bishopstone, East Blatchington, Clayton,
Coates, East Dean (East Sussex), Edburton, Friston, Greatham, Iford, Kingston,
Lewes (St. Anne), Lewes (St. Michael), Oving, Patcham, Piddinghoe, Piecombe,
llodmell, Selham, Southease, Wartling, and Wilmington.

^^ Each of the doors of this church was fastened &m within by a bar of wood,
the socket-holes for which remain. This method of fastening a door, I believe,
is stiUpractised in the East.

*' The newel staircases in old towers were usually, if not invariably, approached
by an entrance from within the church, and not, as is the modem practice, by a
door from the outside. Here the tower is of large size, with massive walls
impierced by windows in the lower part, and the staircase is extremely narrow,
characteristics which favour the idea that the tower was constructed, not only for
bells, but also as a place of refuge in troublous times.

^^M WEST 0KIN8TEAD CEXTHCH. 49

There is now nri chaucel arcli, but, from a projection
of buttrei«-like character on the south wide of the navo,
tliere appean* to liavc been one originally — |)crliapa
removed on the ei-eetion of the rood-screen and its lott.
The tower arches are early pointed ones of elegant
eliaracter, the east and we»t openings having plain
BofEted jambs, with a slender circulai- shaft to each ; the
nave areade has circulai- columns and east respond, on
restored sqimro bases; the caps ui-o round and the resp(jnd
mentioned lias a singularly perfect enrichment of delicate
foliage; the arches arc simply double cliamfered, and the
whole is a good example of Early English date.

The two west windows, and the east one of the
clianc«l are ;h-d Pointed in character, and ajjiiear to me
somewhat unusual in tlieir dertign, each of tliem being
an unequal trijilct of lights under an enclosing rear arch;
a wcll-iiHuddcil cxaitiple of the same date exists on the
north side of the nave. The east window of the chapel
18 modem and of an eccentric and ugly pattern. The
chancel Imd originally a triplet of lancets, the jambs of
the two side openings having been recently discovered.

The ro(ifs of tlie nave and chancel were formed of
coupled rafters with ct^Uars and braces, and the wall
plate of the torincr, in the east bay, wan carried on six
very massive irorbels along the north side of the tower.
Both itiots were plastered, and on stripjiing that of the
chancel, a very curit^iis discoveiy was made, namely, of
a king [jost fnnn one of the collars, tlii-ough wlueh
worke<l a log of oak tapering to cnie end and acting as a
lever or bulancx! ; three holes in the thinnest end showed
whei-e a cord had been fixed, eitlier to susjiend a pyx
enehising the Host, or a lamj) before it ; probably for tlie
former jnirisise, fi-om the nearness of the balance to the
ea«t end of the sanctuaiT- The log was carefully
cliamfered and i-esenibles the balaneea still used on the
Continent to draw up buckets of water from wells.
Unfortunately, tlie chancel roof has been panelled since
the above was es]»osed, but bv means of a hinged panel
and a l»alance weight, fixed in the chapel, this perhaps
unique airangenient eun be inspected.

50 WEST GEINSTEAD CHURCH.

On removing the plaster of the east wall of the
chancel, a round headed aumbry was opened out
immediately under the Perpendicular window, it is
somewhat similar in arrangement to the aumbries in
the tower before alluded to, having a recess at the side
reaching some distance parallel to the west face of the
wall in which it occurs. At the same time another
interesting feature was brought to light in the sanctuary,
consisting of a recess in the north wall, perfectly plam
in character but with the under surface of the top coated
with smoke, clearly showing that the cavity had served
for a lamp to burn in.

On removing some of the pewing the lower part of the
rood-screen was laid open, consisting of plain panelling,
and the feet of the open traceried work above it. At
the same time the beam forming the cornice was found
doing duty as the sill of some seating. Unfortunately,
it was too decayed to re-use, but I believe the mouldings
are reproduced in the new work, which includes the
whole of the upper part of this enclosure. In connection
with the above it may be mentioned that a fragment of
a piscina has been disclosed in the projection noted as
occurring on the south side of the nave at its junction
with the chancel; it was evidently connected with an
altar under the rood-loft.^®

The font has a square marble bowl with slightly sunk
arcading, similar to examples at Coates, Pulborough and
Warnham, but here it is supported on a square shaft of
late 2nd Pointed work, with prettily traceried chamfers
at the angles. A quaint cover of perhaps original 18th
century date surmoimts the whole.

The south chapel was the Manorial one, and dedicated
to St. Mary. The side windows were blocked up by
monuments, which have now been placed elsewhere, and
the windows reopened. In accomplishing this a monu-
mental recess was discovered ; it is somewhat shallow,

^' At the adjacent Church of Cowfold, immediatelj south of the chancel arch,
is a curious piece of canopj work, with a lUj-pot at the side and roses in the
spandrils of the tabernacle, it was no doubt connected with an altar similarly
placed beneath the rood-screen.

WEKT GlUNSl-JZAD CHintCH. 51

and tho ui-eli over it in tliree-ceuh-ed, with simple
iiioulding-s niniiiiig round the wliole. Near this waa
alsii fouud a vury perfect pineina, evidently of the same
date as the aljove, tho lioad ln'ing also three-eenti-ed (a
rather miatmal Irirni) ; the hasiii is a plain circular
xiiikiiig, and tho stmie shelf exists in a perfect state.
In the same cliai)el a long, naiTow stone coffin was
iun>artlied, and which wa«, from its small dimensions,
evidently intended for a cliild. On each side of the
oust window of this chapel wan formerly a niclie on the
inside of the wall, the northern one was mutilated by
the optming out of a door, and no ti-aces of it now
remain ; but the other is pertect, and has a battlemented
cnniice over an oblong recess, the sides of which have

}>aiu-lhMl pilasters; it has been painted, and probably,
roni its shape, held two figui-es, perhaps representing
the Annunciation or the Coronation of the Blessed
Virgin.'*

lieneath the whitewash of the north wall of the nave
was found a Inrge picture of St. Cln-istoplier." To the
right of till? saint was depicted a town \vith an elabomte
tower in tlie foreground, ornamented witli lich pinnacles
and a rriM'ketteci spire ; further off' was seen the open
country, with a windmill, and fields with park palings,
whilst birds hovered around. To the left of St.
Christopher ap|)eured tlie hermit, who grasped a staff"
in one hand and held Ins lantern in tlie other; lie was
clad in a long gown, over wlncli was a fur tippet or
cape, iJchiud this figure wan a very comfortable-looking
hermitage, witli a tnmsonied window and a doiiuer in
the roof. Hcueatb tin- snint tislies swam in the river,
and gazed \ntli upturned iieails mid open uiouths at the
iiiiraele of which they M'cre s|tectators. It is nmeh to be
regretted that the gi\.>ater part of this picture was again

" Sniiit Nicliulbi kxepeii tlii> SInriU(im trma Aaiaigi-r nud di^iiU',
'I'Imt bmtt-n Wi with IwpitruuB watiw aud UiKt iu dnauUuIl h-iv:
Gnat Cliryrtoiitier tbut puiiitnl i« *itU badje bi^ imd toll
lluth Bveu tbv MUDi', whu (lutli preHTve, and kocpe hi" «;rvMil/< ull,"

— '■Tb« Popish Kingdume," ml. I8«0. p. 38.

52 WEST 0RIN8TEAD CHURCH.

washed over, though a sketch, in colour, of the whole
has been hung up on the spot.

Small fragments of stained glass have been collected
from other windows, and placed in the west one of the
nave ; a pair of pinnacles and some canopy work, with
scraps of bordering form the chief portion, part of which
may be of 14th century date.

In reducing the level of the church floor many frag-
ments of encaustic tiles were disinterred ; amongst these
were two entire, one of which formed part of a pattern
requiring nine tiles to complete the design, and the
other represented a squirrel cracking a nut, a device
seen on a set of four tiles foimd in the ruins of the
Collegiate Church at Wallingford Castle. Some pieces
of mediaeval stone ware were also foimd, but are of no
interest; likewise a scrap of brass, which may have
formed part of a censer.

Church chests are almost always noteworthy objects,
either on their own account or as regards their contents.
In the porch at West Grinstead is one of these recep-
tacles, formed of the squared trunk of an oak, hollowed
out in the centre and leaving a solid mass of wood at
each end."

Although the monuments in this church have been
somewhat fiilly described in Vols. XXII. and XXIII.
of the " S. A. C," I am tempted to make a few more
remarks upon them, and to venture on the correction of
some errors made by former writers. The inscriptions
formerly on the brasses of Philippa Halsham and of Sir
Hugh Halsham are given in Vol. XXIII. of the '' S. A. C."
from the Burrell MSS. A shield which remains on the
first-named memorial has these arms : — Quar. I. and IV.
argent a chevron engr. between 3 lions' or leopards' faces
erased gules Halsham ; II. and III., a lion rampant, over
all a fess; imp. paly, of 6 or and sable Strabolgie."

" The bellfl, five in number, are dated 1795.—** S. A. C," Vol. XVI., p. 210.

" In Vol. XXII. of "8. A. C," p. 8, it is stated that the first husband of
Philippa Halsham was Sir Henry Percy ; but in the "Oxford Manual of Brasses"
he is said to have been Sir Ralph Percy ^. 112). The latter work informs us that
her mother was Elizabeth Ferrars. This lady is commemorated by a brass at
Ashford, Kent, dated 1375.

WEST GEINSTEAD CHtTHCH. 53

Tlie Kinglc banner left of the tlu'ee origmally on the
brows of Sir Hugb llalt^bani bears — Quar. I. and IV.
Halnliani; II. and III. Strabolgic; and the shield fomiing
a peiiduat between the canopies over the effigies of the
knight iind bis wife ha.-* — Quar. I. and IV. HalHliani ; II.
and III. Strabolgio ; imjj. the last."

Tlie slab in the south aisle winch has had the figures
of a civilian and his wife, retains only the inscription
beneatli them, which i-uns as follows : —

Orute p AJabs lloberti Havercroft & Johnfi ei' vx' qui qdem
Hiibertua vi ilie aoptembr' et deft Jolina xxviii° die, August! An" dni
ni" V" rsii iihiemt Qu(ir Alabs ppiciet' de"*

A stone now nlaced north and south bore the small
effigy of a female with an inscription beneath the feet,
liofli effigy and inwription have been lost.

A little plate now fixed to the south wall of the chancel
lias the following, iiiscribed above a skull and pahn
bi-anches : —

Hie infra siti Jaceiit

Infantes Geriielli

Lcoiiardue et Hannah Woodward

liedemptionfrm Corporum

In Advenlu Chrisli expectantea;

NaliMb.:i.Dm.!i]'^;'^P'/gll7W.

Quo* ail altare (quasi Puermrio) nunc Oblatos.
Ul Duos (Aim Coltimbarum mUlos,
Favcm accipcre itignetiir Deus.

A mural monument in memory of Catharine, wife of
Thomas Woodward, beai-s thene arms — Argent three bare
snUe WiKxlward ; imp., argent two bars sable Pellat.

On the south wall of the nave are two memorials of
the Wai-d family, and there is a third outside the church
over tlie south' door. A hatchment also reniaijis with
tliexe arms in a lozenge — Sable S swords in pale argent
Uilted OJ-, Pawlett ; inip. argent a cross fleury or, Ward.

•■ norKBcId wroiiglj girvs Ihis impulemuut an ■' a bend eugrailed.''— " UiHtotf
ol KiWH-i," Vtii. 11.. p. io2.

" iWvry writur ! liovu met with gives thw inscription m being in memoty of
" Rubvri Unrcnvroft." licmi't doi'B m. and juppliiw two rtiiltis, " 1521) und 152a "
i" Ili»tory of Su*.)cx," Vol. H.. p. i3U). V)im ignoring tlie intOTcsliug (act Ihftt
iiiubnnd and wife dlul ulmoet at tlu: cntni' tiuic.

64 WEST GRINSTEAD CHURCH.

Although Thomas Shirley, who owned the Manor, by
his will, aated 1607, "directs his burial in the chancel
of West Grinstead next his father's grave, and orders
a monument to be made in the south wall for his grand-
father and grandmother, with fair marble stones with
brasses for his father and mother himself and his wife
next the upper part of the halfe-pas (haut-pas)." ^ No
tomb appears to have been erected, and no memorial of
any of tne family remains in this church.

Of the successors of the Shirleys, as owners of the
Manor, — the Carylls, there exists a good mm-al monu-
ment of marble for Richard Caryll, who died in 1701,
and for his brother Peter, who deceased in 1686 ; the
latter being, as the inscription states, a member " of the
holy order of St. Benedict." This tomb is noteworthy
as being that of a Post-Refomiation English monk, one
of the many members of his family who entered the
cloister during the 17th century, and the earlier part of
the 18th. A shield bears these arms: — Argent^ 8 bars,
in chief 3 martlets sable^ Caryll ; imp. ermiiie an eagle
displayed sable (probably orginally gules\ Bedingfield,
Richard Caryll having married Frances, aaughter of Sir
Henry Bedingfield.^

In the churchyard have been discovered firagments of
a small high tomb, consisting of portions of the coveiing
slab, showing traces of angle buttresses, and the upper
face of the stone has a small roimd flat space at each
comer, either for a canopy or perhaps for candlesticks,
as no mortise holes appear. The upper surface is much
worn, but shows evident traces oi naving been inlaid
with a triple canopied brass with a single Q^^gv^ which
from the faint outhne left may have been that oi a priest
in the Eucharistic vestments.

The recess in the north wall of the sanctuary and the
remarkable and perhaps unique suspending balance
found in the chancel roof at West Grinstead Church,
suggest that some remarks on the practice of resei'ving
the Eucharist may not be out of place in these pages, as

'® **8. A. C. " Vol. V. p. 11.

" See Elwes (Pe^gree of CaijU of Wamham}, p. S5d.

WEST GRINSTEAD CnURCH.

[oubtlcss tJie foatui-e in question was conuoctcd, either

with th(
lani]i w

1 whicli the Host was enclosed, or with tlie
lefbrc it.

Biii{j:hani in his " Antiquities of the Christian Church"
onters fully into the subjeet of reservation and states of
tlie early Christians, that sometimes they consecrated
'■ tlio Kncliarist in the houses of sick men, or in prisons —
but most cumnionly they reserved sonvc jjortion of it in
the (Jliureli from Time to Time for sudden accidents and
eracrgeueies."** Ho then gives instances of both usages,
and proceeds to say tliat "Cyril of Alexandria in one of
liis epistles reproves those who said that tlie Euvhanat
was not tn be reserved to the next day. And in the
Couneil <if <_!onHtantinople under Mcnnan there is men-
ticm uiude of Silver and Golden Doves hanging at the
Altar, whicli most pi-olmbly wei-c then used as rejjositories
of the Sacrament kept in the <;hurelies. It appears also
from a Canon of the Cmineil of Tni-Ui>^ that the Euchan^st
was sometimes reserved for the Public Use of the Church,
to be received some days after its Consecration, particu-
larly in the time of fx'iit, when they conununicated on
such Klemciits as had been consecrated the Saturday or
SnnJay in tlie forof^oiuf^ week, which were the only days
in Lfiit on wliich they used the Consecraticui Service. '^

Knnn the alwvc extracts we leani what were the
usages of the early ChuiTh as i-egards the i-oservation of
the Kueharist. Among the Anglo-Saxons similar customs
prevailed, as many passages in the wniters of the period
go io prove. We find that the Sacramental species was
to be reserved for the sick or dying, but that it shoidd
not be kept too long so as to Ije coiTupted, and the clergy
were (uamnanded to renew it eveiy seven daj-s or fort-
night. Of the reservation in nfter ages nothing need l>e
said, as it is well known to have been in universal use
througliout Christendom."

" Bingbotu, " Antuiuitieo of thu Chrutiau Chiiruti," p. 7^1.

" Ibid., pp. 754, 7.'i5.

" Itnig:bniu, oAtt jipraking ot the Ki<erTDtion of tbi^ Kuchsrut in i^nKhi's,

SrorWdi" M "i\y, " JtHtTwuideH thin Kmervatioii of the Elfmentii (or public I'bo liy
m lliiiinlrnxit tlicChimh, theTL'waf miotlter privatr Itun-rvaUunof thi^innllciWMl

reUgloun punoiU) wbo -v

a cany a Vorttoa of Uio

56 WEST GBINSTEAD CHURCH.

But although the fact of the reservation of the Host is
very clear, the place in which it was kept appears by no
means conclusively pointed out. There are many reasons
to believe that the sacristy or vestry was the locality in
which it reposed during the early ages of the English
Church. Tnis room, a recent writer says, the Saxons
called ^'the Husel portic" or "Sacrament -porch."*
Probably the Eucharist was so reserved long after the
Conquest, as many vestries of ihe Mediaeval period are
strongly built chambers, as at Gilling, Yorks ; West
Winch, and Winterton, Norfolk. The two former
examples being constructed with stone vaulting, and
the last having very small narrow lancets set in massive
walls, seem aomiraDly adapted for such a purpose. All
ancient sacristies moreover were entered only from the
churches to which they were attached, and are in most
instances on the nortli side of the edifice. Aumbries
are often found in the wall between these rooms and the
chancel ; they are usually of so small a size that they
appear well suited for the reception of vessels holding
the Host, or the holy oils. Two such small cupboards
are thus placed at West Winch, Norfolk, in the south
wall of the vestry. When in the chancel the aumbry is
generally found in the east or north wall. Of the former
position we have in Sussex the example at West Grin-
stead, whilst there is another at Ovingdean, and there
are two similarly placed in each of the churches of
Clymping, Sompting, Rye, and Wilmington. Aumbries

Ettcharist home with them, and participate of it eveiy Day hy themselves in
private," Ibid.^ p. 757. He also cites Gregory Xazianzen, as relating that his
** sister Gorgonia had the Eucharist in her chamber," Ibid., p. 758. A writer in
the ** Edinburgh Review, " July, 1841, p. 311, says that in the 13th century Pojk}
Honorius allowed, at the afterwards celebrated convent of Port Royal, that, ** if
the Host consecrated on the profession of a nun, seven fragments might be
solemnly confided to her own keeping, that for as many successive days she might
administer to herself the holy sacrament." What foundation there is for the
above statement I know not. Anne Boleyn, during her imprisonment in the
Tower, desired to have the Host in her doset (see ** Strickland's Lives," Vol. II.,
pp. 247, 263), and of Mary I. Froude, describing an interview which she had in
lo53 with Kenard, the Ambassador of Charles V., says, Lady Clarence, one of the
Queen's attendants, was the only other person present. " The holy wafer was
in the room on an altar, which she called her protector, her guide, her adN-iser.
Mary told them that she spent her days and nights in tears and prayers before it."
—Froude, ** History of England," Vol. V., p. 291.

" Bridgett, " History of the Holy Eucharist," Vol. I., p. 238.

ENCftUimC Ttt-E-

Jl-M^ l\m.Lxi .-i.^M. IVl

WEST GRINSTEAD CHURCH. 57

in the north wallts (ktui- at Higiior, Friston, Little Hoifited,
and Williiigdoii, these are all plain reecBses,''^ but at
Ardiiigly there is iine ot" 3nd Pointed date, the head of
wliich hat* a trefoilod aith, and at Fenihui'st the amnbiy
is im extremely delicate little niche, with a canopied
and cn)ekcttcd head flanked by the remains of elegant

Suinaclen, and suggesting by its richness that it was
evoted to other puiposes tlian those of a mere cup-
board.

The only direct corroboration I have met with of the
suppuKed use of tlie auinbty for reservation, is a quotation
in marker's Glossary from the Fard/c of Facions, which
runu as follows: "Upon tlie right hande of the highe
Aulter that ther should be an Ahnorie, either cutte into
the wall or framed upon it, in the whiche thei would
have the wu-ninicnt of the Lordes Hodye, the holy oyle
for the sicke, and Mn-imnatorie alwaie to Ik; lockod.""
A confimiation of the foregoing statement may [X'rhHi)s
be found in the fact that the Ka»ter Sepidchi-e, in wliieh
the Host was tenipoi-arily deposited, is in England
invariably found in the mirtli wall of the chancel.

Altlidugh reservation in an aumbiy apjiears from the
extnict just given from the FanlU- of Facum.t, to have
been sometimes customary evi'n in the middle of the
Kith eentuiy, the most usual method then, and for a
hundiTd years ])revious, was to enclose the Host in a
susiMjndecI pyx or box, witli a lani)) burning constantly
before it. The balance lever at West Giinstead was
doubtless used either tor the suspension of the pyx itself,
or of the light in front of it, and, fix»ni the position
it occupies, was probably for the latter i»un)ose.'*
The synod of Chichester, in 1289, eonmiandeu that
"The Holy Eucharist (as well as the baptisnnU font
and the holy oils), are to bo diligently guarded under
lock and key, under pain of tlirce months' suspension

" SoiDv nf these may have btvn int4^iiile<l for iHmpii us at Wc«t Uiiiift«>ad.

" I'nrker, " OI0WW17 ot \KhiXi.vi<i.n;" Vol. I., p. T.

" III "I.Hd F.ngloDd," V^ol. I., p. TA, 'w mgruriil n n-prc.-^MJtutiun at a mnn
dniwiu(t up a Ixu'lkri nt vmtex Gnnii a wt'U, wilb a bululici' rrij idiullur to the
Wtidt (Irituiti'ad ouu ; it if rt^ruduci.'cl from iiu illiiminiitioii ot Auglu-Soxuu dnti?.
Cutttm US., Netu. C. 4, Urlt. Mtu.

58 WEST GRINSTEAD CHUECH.

ab officio." ^ This injunction would be complied with
if the Host were reserved either in a cupboard or a
pyx, as the latter was almost invariably provided with
a lock.** Bingham in the passages quoted at the begin-
ning of these remarks suggests that the doves suspended
over altars in the early days of the Church, may have
held the Eucharist, and he is most likely correct, as this
was the form which the pyx frequently took in the
Middle Ages. Besides boxes like doves there were
others which were circular, or formed in the shape of
images. These vessels were usually of silver, silver gilt,
or ivory, though in poor parish churches they were
occasionally of copper or even of wood,'^ and they were
suspended from the roof by silken cords or ribbons.**

By a Synodal Constitution, having force throughout
the province of Canterbury, it was ordered that in all
cathedral, collegiate, and parochial churches, ^^a lamp
should be kept burning before the high altar day ana
night. The Constitutions of Oxford, a.d. 1222, confimi
this pious and symbolic custom."*® At Parham, ''one
acre and a half of land was held by the rector for the
purpose of providing a lamp to bmTi before the high
altar;** the ''lamp lands at West Grinstead have
already been alluded to, and the rent of them was
applied to maintain the lamps at Steyning Church.
Bequests towards supporting the light before the altar
are frequently found in old wills ; that of Thomas
Sandon, of Colworth, may be cited as a SiLssex example ;
it is dated 1542, and in it he says : — " I bequeath to the
maintaining of the two standing lights in the aforesaid

«• Wilkins II., 169, quoted by Bridgett, Vol. II., p. 86.

'° Some aumbries remain in Scotland in the walls of churches, and which were
undoubtedly used for reservation. Two examples are engraved in Dr. Lee's
** Glossary of Liturgical and Ecclesiastical Terms,'* pp. 398, 399. Both arc of
16th century date.

^* Henry VII., in his will, mentions pixes of copper and timber (wood). He
directs that a pix of the value of four pounds, and of silver gilt, should be mode
and given to every church throughout the reabn which had not a pix of silver gilt
or silver.

" At Sutterton Church, Lincolnshire, there is an entry in the churchwardens'
accounts of 1532 of the purchase of ** a sylk rybyn to hyng the silucr pyxt." —
" Arch. Journal," 1882, p. 63.

»» Lee, p. 180. '* " S. A. C," XXV., p. 22.

WKKT GRINSTEAD CHL'KCH. o9

parish clmreh of (jWiig, lliat is to way the i-ood light,
and the beam light in tlie quire before the blessed
«ar,ranient of th« altar to cither of them two bu«hels of
barley-'"" Tlie Noniewhat earlier tewtainent of Alexander
Harnmm, parson of Ford, leaves to the liglit burning
before the "Blessed Sacrament" in liiw clim-eh the sum
of 12d." * . .

BcMdcs the light or lightB burnine: continually l)efore
the reserved Euchamt, I need hardly say that during
the celebration of mass, candles burnt upon the altar, and
although not strictly applying to the subject of these
remarks, Ijut as an illustration of a local usage, I veiitui-e
to wnieludc this ])aper with an eyti-act frem one by
Mr. Micklethwaitc, in which lie says: — "At Chichest<?r
Cathedral we Icam from the statutes that at least as early
OK the thirteenth ccntuiy the custom was to have on
(fTcat festivals seven tapers of two jxiunds each on tlie
altar, eight on the beam above it, and two in standing
candlesticks on the altar step, and on oi-dinary days,
tlu'ee on the altar and two on tlic step. This usage of
odd umid)er,s extended to other cliuiThes of the diocese
of Chichester, an appears by the smoko stains which
were found hi 1863 over the nite of each of the altai's
by the side of the chancel arcli at Westmeston Clmreh,
Sussex" ("Arch. Joxmi.," Vol. XXXV., p. ;i87). A
description of the paintings discovered at Westmestcm,
by the late Rev. C, H. Campion, will bo found in Vol.
XVI. of the " S. A. C.,' and a reference to the coloui-ed
plate accomjKinying tlie article will .show the stains above
alluded to by Jlr. Micklethwaite.'"

» ■'8.A.C.,"XJII..p. T5.

»• Ibid., XII.. p. 91. An Ulitmination in nn Anglo-Saxon MK. (Hwl., Xo.
IS03, Brit. Uuf .) etiowa n lamp (mtmi-ndi-'d within the chapi'l of u iioblinuoirA bouw.
Slatilda of Fliuidcr», wife of Wuliura I., Bofs in hut will, "of my two golden
grinHcn, i give that which is onuuucutcd with cniblpnif, foe the purpose of
Kiuipcndin^ the loiapbofoTD tho prcut oltur''' (of the Abbej' Chiu^h of the Ilolf
TrinJtj ot Cacu). Strickland, Vol. I., p. 03.

" In I.1I2 two caDdlesIickn were purehniwd for the topers tii he kept buniiug
before the high altBT of Battle Abbey. See -8. A.C," XVII., p. 22.

BRIEF NOTICES OX MONASTIC AND
ECCLESIASTICAL COSTUME.

By sir GEORGE DUCKETT, Bart.,

KxioHT OF THB Okder OF Merit OF 8axb Coburo-Gotha ; Officer of Public

IXHTRVCTION IN FrAXCE ; AND CoRRESPOXDINO MbMBER OF THB SOCIBTY OF

AXTIQVARIES OF NoRMAXDY.

It in scarcely supposable, with the mass of monastic and
ecclesiastical literature dispersed throughout our great
libraries, that any very material, or even additional
information can be imparted on the subject of church-
robes or the clothing of monks, beyond what may be
found among the authorities and evidences of different
public collections. But the highest authorities are not
always at hand, so that in addition to pointing out those
sources^ chiefly tending to elucidate the question of such
vestments, we will draw up a few brief notices for the
benefit of those of the Sussex Archaeological Society who
may not happen to be familiar with the topic. Much
has been said of late in certain quarters on conventual
and ecclesiastical dress, and as the matter has not to om'
knowledge been hitherto canvassed in the pages of these
Collections, that fact alone would make it desirable to
refer to it.

It would be, as a rule, a very grave error to associate
too closely the monastic and ecclcsia^stical dress of former
days ; a wide distinction must be drawn between them.
The dress of the cloister and that of the choir are not

* Some of the chief authorities are the following : — Mabillon, '* AnnalesOrdiniH
8. Benedicti;" "Bibliotheca Cluniacenpis ; " Quicherat, "Histoire du Costume
en France;" "Specimen Monacholigiie;*' Maillot, "Costume des Fran^ais;'*
** Stevens's Dugdale's Mouasticon ; '* Strutt, "Dresses of the People of England ; "
Fosbroke, "British Monachism;'* Fosbroke, " Enojclopedia of Antiquities;"
" Catholic Dictionarj " (Addis and Arnold).

MONASTIC AND ECCUZSIASTICAL COSTUME. 61

to be indiacriminately mixed up togetlier. The last has
been handed down uii(^lniii{rt'd ubn()st to the prertent day.
The vL'ntmcnts of tlie priest oflieiating at the ultar ai-e
the same in nuuiljer, more or less bo in I'onn and shape,
and quite ko in naoie with the i-obes ordained in the
twelftli centuiy, to I)o reserved for the clergy and the
celebration of mass. There can be no danger of incor-
rect denomination in respect of them. Very different,
howevei', appeals to Iw the con-ect apjjellation of tlic
Heveral parts of the niona«tic habit. It is not that
modifications of succeeding age.s contributed thereto, but
the nomenclatiu'e in resjKict of many articlcH of monastic
drcHs amomits to a misnomer, and is liighl}- pei-jilexing
where gi-eat exaetiiesH iw ossontial. To (juote a few
instances only — the cowl is simply 'prinui Jhcu' tlie
"hood" or head-covering attached to tlie monk's cloak;
but it is equally the appellation of a gown witli large
loose sleevci, and R-aehnig t<i the gi-omm, with the same
hood attached to it. Wliat can be more contradictory?
Then, again, the word Inuic is eiiually misleading. As
an under-gannent worn next the sian, to wliich it is
applied in monkish dress, it in etjuivaleiit to a narrow
Uiiun or woollen shirt ; but it is also under tlio same
name applied to a long cloth garment woni over such
shirt or under-garment, and tiud witli a thoiiij'; in fact,
tlio tenn occurs so nmcli in monastic costume as an
inner article of drew, and in hucIi different shapes and
material, that it is difficult ti> determine precisely in
conventual dress what was or wliat was not a tunic. Aw
a vestment of tlie priest it is like the dalmatic, but worn
under that garment, and here the name is equally, if not
more, misleading and ambiguou.s. As a jjart of miUtaiy
dress it was woi-n in the origin under the aniiour, but in
respect of the subject under notice, the woi-d tunic of
itself aj)pear» to have no limited meaning. We point to
these among other anomalies, Iw<'ause they are jiroduc-
tive of amhiguity and inexactnt'ss.

The churcli-robes appear, from I)u Cange, to Iiavc
Ijeen (h'posited and kept in the sacristy (seci-etarium),
and there tlie priest vested b<.'fbre saying mass. Tlie

mt jnscBnitfL mt^ 'iat wiviir^ or jil ^nmaanfim in die

T^ ic«c jin£ siiHC iiDDMrsBK nanif^ oT '^BoHdicdiie

*ir£i3r iir ':Qiii: itssmmiil. x itr 3ii ji&ie:. ^ic»> ^le OGi^TCga-

'laiiL if \Tim.y. iiiQMM. 5a. W'f :: iii&iwaur wiodL «fter

immii*^ ia j IH^ "i^ ^ 3»iQ«er^ ic XiibrawL Tkee ccmu-
Tnimfny**- iiiLiwvt«£ fir :&* smm: ^aie rsuf* <t :S^ Benedict,
^yi££3. T3i! [tfbc It ^ Tv^i' 'oi i«F* hob&l summt denial
xxil ^sxtso^csj-^ smi "SSmiu&l if^Ktran. ;m£ ^amf la^ip mDowed
i&ftesL It; 'W "jCTTjiitL 'Xr&xKon "iMtensT tiker wn^ i«ligioiis
Je<)H:«:^i:i5:£ih^ fir xca^ t.'aifes. iiil§}wiiu^ ant Kwnd by the
^Hum^ irxl§ir^ Sf.«£E2&%i ;ii«^ c^^fp^rfis^ i^ W<t in liie way
•>bMfm^ TW lEkie may oe ^«oi %?t otdmtSw connuriiig
al^^ in dtpe mafrr in ^be refe ^.Y*^ St. RnnNiict. bnl in £<Mne
ca.ief wick dsuci^ riig^MnaiK^ aat$i«ttT« <»rii ns liie onl^r ol

The fir<t Benediecxne BBiooaK<tevy wafe^ lonnded in France
in 6:iH. ciimn;ar tiie Eiiednie ot" ^. Benediet^ viz., that of
St, )Iaiir ( St. Maor des Foftfiesl in the dioee^e of Paris ;
and alxHit 7^2 St. Benedict of Anian established the
lUnu.-dif^tine monastety of Saint Saavear (d^Aniane) in
tlie rlirxx-^* irf 3IontpelKer« the Emperor Charlemagne
taking it wider hi:i^ ^ipeeial protection.

Firnt, hh to the colom* of conventual costume, for the
vitntuuffitH (jf the different orders differed in colour, and
in nianv n5«jiect« in 8hape also.

lilmikf f^i'Yy and white were the colours of the prin-

f' lerH. The first was the adopted colour of the

ics, and thus ^^the black Benedictine habit"

bla<;k cowl of St. Benedict," are familiar and

expressions. White was the colour of the

AND ECCLESIASTICAI, COSTUME. (S3

rthusians, the PremonHtratcnsians, and of tho Aiigus-
tiniaiis. The second order whu known as " the White
Canons." The C'i«teiTian», having at first adojjted
woollen garments in their natural er undyed colour,
employed tlie resulting one of wlute or gre)', according
to the ivfjol or fleece, but in process of time tliey chose
wliitt! a» the sole colour for tlio dre.ss of their- ni-ofessed
monks, whilst grey was then alone confined to tlie
novices. Hence this last order was known as the
"Wliite Monks" r/es mmncs blancs^f in tlie same way
tliat the term " White Friars" was par ejccelhnce a])i)lied
tu the niendieuiit order of Camiclites ; whUst the Henc-
(lictines were designated "Black Monks" \J<in vudnes
uiiii-n\ as in like manner tlie Dominicans, another
mendicant order, were known as the "HIack Fiiars."*
'i'he.He fundamental colours of the cliief orders did not
prevent the assumjjtion of even gi'een and dark blue" by
the monks of some otiicr congregations.

Next to colour we come to the several parts of the
monastic costume, and these must Ijc taken (in respect
of their denomination) witli some degree of latitude,
Neither in mediaival Latin, nor amoni; French or English
wTiters, is there that precise and definite form in their
nomenclatm-e wliich ought to exist, the same term often
doing duty for three or nioro separate articles of dress.

According to Quieherat,* the fii*st article of tlic licne-
dictine monk's dress was a long narrow linen funic, with
sleeves, worn next the skin; luit according to tlie climate,
when colder, was then worn under an upper garment of
the same <^ut, but witliout sleeves, an ujiper tunic of
wool (or even of fur), for the material varied at tlie
dJstiretinn of the abbot, according to the climate and
time of year. The former was la tfoniie or etnniiiu- of
the French monks ; and the latter /c fif/inon. Alter this
eume the Mcapuht/\ an upper -gannent worn always hy
the monk when at work \jna/mff(ire, lat. scaj)ulai'e,

* The tenu "ftiat
ivntury, vw., tlie Fri

64 BRIEF NOTICES ON MONASTIC

scapularium]. This garment was a sleeveless tunic,
fitting somewhat close to the body; it had arm-holes at
the sides, and covered the shoulders down to the knees.
The so-called scapular of the church is different. Over
this came the coivl [cucull^, cotde, goule; lat. cucullus],*
a gown with large loose sleeves, nearly synonymous
with the froc of the French monk, but whereas the
cowl and the frock were often confounded, there is an
ambiguity about tliis article of dress, especially as to
being with or without sleeves. The cowl was the special
and characteristic garment of the professed monk, whereas
the lay brothers, to whom it was not allowed, wore a
scapular somewhat larger and fuller than ordinary. The
last, or uppermost garment [qui tos les autres gai'de] was
the mantle or doak [chape; fat. chapa].

Such was apparently the Benedictine dress, and will
be found to coincide with the extracts from Mabillon's
Benedictine Annals. The Cluniac monk added to these
articles of clothing, breeches, socks, and boots, but these
names are to be taken as modifications of the sort now
in use. The Cluniac rule specifies also shoes tied with
thongs, and gives the monk a head covering, or cap, and
gloves when journeying or going far beyond the convent's
precincts.

The Benedictine nuns had similar habits, but pilches,
veils, and ivimple^ were of course their special attributes.
The immple or urimpel [guimpe ; lat. wimpla] took its
origin from the scapular, and was a habit coming close
up to the chin, neck, and sides of the face, and covering
the bosom. The pilch (i.e.y j>etticoat), one of the two
robes talaires, which she wore down to the heels, is said
to be derived from pellicium, a garment of lamb-skins.
Except in some few orders, the nun's habit was more or
less tne same.

In the earliest ages the nun was allowed to retain her
hair; she was not, however, allowed to plait it or to

* The distmction, according to Du Cange, between the cowl [cucidlaB, coule]
and the frock [floocum, /Vioc] consisted in the former being a " halnt long and fall,
without sleeves/* whereas the frock [frx)c, floccum] was the same, bat *' with long
and wide sleeres.**

AND ECCLESIASTICAL COSTUME. 65

liraid it in any way, or even to let it show. Afterwai-ds
tlie Cistercian rule obliged the nun to deprive herself
entirely of this female ornament, and by degi'ees the loss
of her hair, or entire tonsure of the head/ became an
esftontial rcquii-cment of the professed nun of all the
orders.'

The twelfth centurj', with its changes and innova-
tions in oveiT direction, tended to alter somewliat the
uniformity of monastic dress, and this departure from
the rule originated with tlie monks of Cluny, for whom,
after a lapse of time, no material or stuff was too fine,
and wliose monastic vows of austerity and denial agreed
very little with theia' adoijted precautions botli against
the rain and the cold. Their rivals regai-ded them on
that account as effeminate and voluptuous Sybarites, and
notably the Cistercians were foremost in that respect.

This congregation had seceded fi*om that of Climy,
and the principal feature in their inile was gieater rigour,
denial, and austerity. Its founder proscribed tlie use of
many of tlio Cluniac vestments. The inner tunic next
the skin was no longer of linen, but of coarse cloth.
The logs of its monks were also left bare, with the
exception of socks and open shoes.

Tlie rules of comparative cleanliness, however, observed
by the Cluniac monk, was totally disregarded by the
Cistercian, and banished entirely from the statutes of
Citeaux. It is affirmed that a pious chevaHer, for whom
this congi'egation had peculiar attractions, for a long
time hesitated before making up his mind to embrace
the order, on account of the vermin forming an integral
feature in its dress. It is supposed that ho eventually
overcame these scruples, took the leap, and assumed its
habit,* becoming a comparatively liappy mortal notwith-
standing.

During the time of Peter the Venerable, in the twelfth
century, the Benedictine cb-ess underwent modification,
and his statutes on tliat head (given further on), show
tlie changes then made fi'om the primitive rule ; after

66 BKIEF HOnCBB OH MOHASTIC

which time no farther innoyation seems to stand on
record, though doubtless others may haye occurred
(especially in the last days of the order).

These remarks are substantiated by the ensuing quoted
extracts, and it may be well to commence with the earliest
records in elucidation of the subject. The first quotation
is taken from Mabillon in his ^^ Annals of the order of St.
Benedict," and refers to the dress of the Benedictines
from the sixth to the eighth centuries.

Vestes, tunica et cucvlla duplex cum cingulo; scapu-
tare loco cucullae ad laborem manuum, quod tunicam a
sordibus protegeret, ad genua usque protensum, et
ligaculis constrictum ad utrumque latus ; minor cuculla,
nonnunquam dictum. Cuculla et scapulare, passim ex
nigro ; tunica seu toga ex albo (^uanquam de colore non
admodimi curabat sanctus Legislator) utraque duplex,
tum ad lavandum, tum ad decumbendum; nam absque
tunica et cuculla jacere in lecto religio erat. Tunica ad
cutem tum demum nigra fieri caepit, postquam interulse
laneae in usu esse coeperunt, tametsi serius. Siquidem
albus tunicarum color diu perseveravit post concessas
interulas stamineaSy quarum usus jam soeculo octavo
invaluerat.

[^'Annales ordinis S. Benedictini," by Mabillon and
Mart^ne I., p. 57 (1703-1739, 6 Vol. fo.).J

In the second volume of Mabillon's same Benedictine
Annals, we have the monastic dress of the order in the
tenth and eleventh centuries, viz., that of the monks of
Fulda Tin the Electorate of Hesse-Cassel), the cele-
brated loundation of St. Boniface in the eighth century '
(A.D. 744).*

Qualis fuerit per ilia tempora (viz., of Charlemagne),
nostrorum habitus tum apud Casinates, tum apud Gallos
et Germanos, etsi ad mores non omnino pertinet, baud
tamen ab re est investigare. Casinatium formam habitus

* This renowned abbey, one of the chief seats of learning towards the end of

the eighth centuir, numbered among its abbots the celebrated Raban-Maur, the

flnt tneolocfian of that day. He was archbishop of Afoyence, and of such erudite

reputation that in (Germany and elsewhere, when anyone at that period and

fterwards was extolled fbr nis knowledge, he was styled " as learned as Raban/'

doottts ut Rabanus."

AND ECCLESIASTICAL COSTUMK.

in primo Annalium tomo exhibuimus, sed poateriomm
teinporum, id vnt sceculi undecinii (S. Eiigraviiig hy Mont-
fattcon). Projjius ad prima ilia tempora accodit vestium
monasticaniiii doscriptio, quam rofert Theodemainis in
opistola ad Carolum Magnum, Earum formam iniitati
»unt FuldenseH, qm Sturminm abbatem in Italiani niisere
ad rimandoM Casinatium, alionnnque ejusdem regionis
monachoruni ritus et habitus, quos ffimulari cupiebant.
Atqui Candidus, Fuldensis primomm illoi-um tempoinim
niunachuH, Ftildensium priscuiii ilium habitum in quodam
nienibraneo eodiee adumbravi^, sub duplici forma priori
([uidem in habitu ad laborem comixisito, scilicet cum
iofja ot parva cuculla seu scapulari, ubi Candidus ipse
et ModestuH dLssertantium inter bo ritu componuntur :
posteriori vero cum habitu aolemni seu chorali, cum
ampla, scilicet cuculla, quali induti reprieaentantur Ful-
denses mouachi, qui ad Ludovicum Pium impei-atorem
impotrando novo post abjectum Ratgarium, abbati
destinati sunt. Utriusquo habitum ex Browori antiqui-
tatibuH Fuldensibus liie pi-ofen-e iuvat. Paullo diversus,
HOC omniuo uniformLs erat Gallicanomm monachoi-um
habitus ; nam pai'va eorum cuculla, non cousuta sub
brachiis, ut Fuldenaium, sed vittLn subligata erat, qualem
tomo I exhibuimuB ; et major cuculla absque manicis,
rittis similiter i-edimita, usque ad tales defluebat, saltern
apud Faronianos nustros, ut in Otgerii et Benodicti
imaginibus hie expres-iis obsei'vare licet, Non dubito
quin idem (juoque fuerit habitus Meldicensis pagi
monachoruni, quod ex icone S. Agili Uesbacensis abbatw
intelligitur. Quod Hj)ectat ad AngUcanos monachos,
eorum (juidem liabitus furmam in Monastico anglicano
habemus, sed recentiorom de Hiwpanicis illorum tem-
{K)rum, uihildum comperti habemus. Ad c<jIorem quod
attiuet, antiquitus albi colons erat toya talaris, parva et
ampla cuculla subuigri.

f" Annales Benedietini," II., Preface, SV.]

In the fourth volume of Mabillon's "Annals" we are

furnislicd with further |>articulars of the Benedictine

(or Cluniac) costume in the eleventh centiirj', or that

preceding the century (the twelfth), in which the greatest

68 BRIEF NOTICES ON MONASTIC

changes and innovations took place in dress. The
monkis of Farfa (in the States of the Church)/® having
adopted in the beginning of the eleventh century the
Cluniac rule, what now follows is essentially descriptive
of the Benedictine habit at the same date.

De vestimentorum mensura apud Farfenses.

Vestimenta fratrum mittit sanctus Benedictinus in
prudentia abbatis, ut sint mensurata. Qualis autem sit
ilia mensura secundum patrum diffinitionem, quantum
possumus, indagamus. (Jvx^ulla^ quse nostro singulariter
convenit ordini, quod vestimentum antiquitus vocabatur
colobriurriy id est, tunica sine manicis, tantum debet
habere latitudinis, ut ambobus convenienter aptetur
cubitis; longitudinis vero tantum antea quod ad coUum
pedis usque pertingat et sit apta corpori, ut sit ex omni
parte rotunda. Capellum ipsius prseter limbum integrum,
viiilis pedis ex omni parte quadratam debet continere
mensuram. Apertura superior habeat cubitum usque ad
pollicis summum; inferior cubitum integrum et trium
digitorum in ante appareat latitude cucullae capitio.
Similiter autem subtus circa pedes, tunica debet esse
rotunda qualitate mensurata; sagittas vero vel gerones
tantum habeat, ut iter gradientes vel superfluitate vel
parcitate non impediat, cujus manicse debent ex utraque
parte ad secundos digitorum nodos usque pertinffere.
Staminea talem debet mensuram habere, ut possit collum
pedis cincta pertingere, similiter autem, sicut cucullae,
subtus apertura cubito terminetur. Capitium habeat
pedem integrum, similiter et manica parte latiori; contra
manum vero, quo manere solet, angustior, e radice
pollicis usque terminum indicis extendatur. Corrigia
qua cingitur staminea, postquam fuerit bene extenta,
latitudinem in se pollicis nabeat. Cultellum, inter
ferrum et manubrium, trium adjecta latitudine digitorum
habeat pedem dimidium. FemorcUiay quse S. Benedictus

10 This celebrated abbey of the order of St. Benedict was founded in the sixth
century by St. Laurent, sumamed the ''Illuminator,** Bishop of Spoleto, in the
neighbourhood of that place. It Ib said to have been destroyed by the Lombardi,
and was re-estabUshed oy St. Thomas towards the end of the same or beginning
of the next century.

AXD ecclesiastical COSTfME.

concessit iter agentibus, qoantum temporis iucertum est
quo vel quali tempore foris mittantur, omnibas conce-
dujitur, taliter meuKun-ntur, ut in longitudine corjtoris
possint convenienter »ptari : latitudine vei-o pars utraque,
itieut esse »ulet dupla, cubitum ui^qne ad ix>Uicem Iiabeat

i'sni consuta. At vei-o calUjif jwdem integrum superiua
labeant jam cousutie, qua; fiant etiam lougfe, ut secundum
xtaturam Iiomiiiis, quod in omnibus procui-antium est vesti-
tneutis, cniribus cdiivenieuter aptentur, quie de sumnio
uwiue ad pedem taliter coustrinpantur, ut cum supcrius
pcdem lialient integrum, iuferius dimidimu. Cesta ealigse
cum i'uerit assuta, debet esse tarn louga, quo possit intra
pugnmu fieri cdustriota eakeo altitndine prietcr linibum
qui awKuitur, altitndine liabeat pedcni dimidium; anterior!
Tero parte latitudine digitonuii nodos. Pfdvk's similiter
niensm'ati, ut possint pedibns snfficienter aptari.

The order of Cluny Iiaviug been founded jirior to the
above date, the dress recoi-ded in the foregoing was that
of the eommunity of thotwi centimes.

["Aunales Ucnedictini," Vol. IV., pp. 701-702.]

The reformed order of Cluny, under its ninth Abbot,
Pi>ter the Venerable," ushered in some modifications in
the monastic di-ess of Benedictine monks. He drew up
a new or reformed code, and his statutes on the subject
of di-esK have reference, tlieiefore, to the twelfth century.
His reformed rule is given in tlie Bibliotheca Cluniacensis
(JIartin Man-ier and Andre Duchesne, Paris, 1614), and
conmience.i at column 13.53 of that volume. At colunm
l;J59 (Art. XVI.}, is the following :—

[Sancti Petri Mauricii, dicti Venerabilis, abbatis Gu-
niaeenxis IX., statuta congrcgationis Cluniacensis.]

Statuluni est, ut nullus frati-um nostonim pannit*, qui
dicunfur galabmni,'* vel isembrani vestiatur, nee iis qui
vwanlur ^calfoJ'ii, vel frisii," exceptis Anglis vel Anglia;
affinibuR monachis, ncque illiM qui appelluntur agneliui,"

" Fivtw dn JIimbou-Ktrr, >iuTuimc<l the Vmcnblc, ww abbot of Clunj bctwem
list ml IIM.

" 8oH of cloth called gaUbrun in old Fmicb : tpprauMng (a lintfJ/-irootuy.
** Pamiblr onuM wnoUm rlcith wilh a " ua{i" on one ^Mf ; •art of frieu.
' lambii' wool.

70 BRIEF NOTICES ON MONASTIC

exceptis Tlieutomds, et lis adjacentibus monachis : hac
tamen conditione, si magis reUgiom congruentes nigri
colons vestes in regionibS suis if venire non potuerint

Causa instituti hujus fiiit supra quam dicere velim,
sicut et ipse vidi; talium vestium notabiliter inhonesta,
et turpis curiositas, qua olim multi nostrorum, non aUter
quam seculares homines, sericis variis vel grisiis vestiimi
generibus se comebant : et electo ad intimam cordis
himiilitatem designandam, humiliore cunctis coloribus
nigro colore, ipsa repugnante natura omare se, velut
sponsi procedentes de thalamo, summo studio contende-
bant. Versa res jam erat in habitimi, nee in iis delinquere
se, Cfiecati usu longissimo, sentiebant.

XVII.

Statutum est, ut nullus fratrum Cluniacensiimi, cat-
tinis,^*^ sive aliis, quibus usi solebant, peregrinis pellibus
induatur, nee prorsus quibusKbet, exceptis arietinis, sive
agninis atque caprinis pellibus,^® et ad coopertoria
facienda solimimodo, sicut hoc magis placuerit, puto-
siorum (pole-cats), et juxta aliorum linguam, vesonum
Q/immarte] peUibus.

Causa instituti hujus fiiit, multa, ut supra de pannis
dictimi est, cattinarum, sive aliarum pelliimi, notabilis et
damnabilis curiositas, quse in tantum, ut ipse novi, pro-
cesserat, ut Gallicanorum cattorum pellibus contemptis,
ad Iberorum vel Italorum cattos, rehgiosorum hominum
curiositas transmigraret. Nil se habere non parva
piorum, eisque adhserentium multitudo putabat, nisi ex
pilosis ilHs et condensis, Numantinorum, hoc est juxta
modemos, Amorensium cattorum pellibus contexto multi
pretii coopertorio, lectus et muniretur pariter et oma-
retur. Quod malum paulatim succrescens, ad hoc jam
pervenerat, ut fere centum solidis empta coopertoria;
addito quoque vestium non mediocri pretio, ditiores
domes congesto multo alieni aeris debito, non parum
— varent, pauperiores pene omnino pessumdarent.

» Cat-skin fur. ^ Qoat sldns.

AND ECCLESIASTICAL COSTUME.

xvm.

Statutum est, ut nullus scarlatas aut barracanos vel
pretio808 burellos," qui Ratisponi, hoc est apud Raines-
Doi'H \_Iia(ishon or liefjenshurg^ fiunt, nive picta quoKbet
niodo slamina Iial)eat, sed solunimodo"' cilicntm (Col.
1360), superjectift tantuni duobus inediocriB pretii panniH,
qui albi ct nigri, ot ex utroque niixti coloris smt; et
qui non duplitcs aut quadrupbces, seu niultipliceK, ut a
quiburidani heri solet, sed eimpHceH fratribus supponantm".

CauKa iiistituti Imjus fuit, ut in aliis vestiuni generibuH,
daniuata curionitas etiani a lectis monachorum rcmove-
retur, niaxime cum ante tem2)ora S. Hugonis, non nisi
cilicio superposito, tantum uno et siniplici panno aliquis
uteretur. . . ,

XXVm. (Col. 1362).

Statutum c«t, ue culcianos cum corrigiis, quia iuutiliter
laboriosTim orat, sabbatho abluant. Causa iiistituti huiuy,
quia olini ubicumquc ntccssitas occun-ebat sub divo
opcniiitcs, et pluviis et lutosis diebus, monachi calcianos
8UOR, ipsa opcris ueccsHitate cogcnte, luto plenimque
infectoH, ad claustrum revcrtentes, lavabant. Inde nuper-
stitio descendensj cum illi hoc ex neceenitate facerent, et
illos qui per annum et biennium de claustro nusquam

firocedeiitej*, sua et mundiswima et nova calciamenta
avait> quideni, qiiia ncccssarium non erat, non compelle-
bat, scd duoiTim tantum digitoiiini extremis summitatibus
diuibus aut tribuB, aquie guttulis infundere impcrabat.

XXIX.

Statutum est, ut frati-cs cqmtantcs Jroccnm, simul et
capjHWi, fcire non compcllantur, sed aut frocco simplici,
aut cappa tantimiuiodo, si volueiint, induti iter faciant.

{Col. 1363.) Causa instituti Inijus fuit, vestixmi ipsaiiim
munditia, ne, ut fieri solcbat, fratnmi claustra ingre-

■^ CoaTH: wooUcn stall of grejlsh red or ruMet colour, known as bure, bureau

" Pcnilcutiiiry liiUr-phirt, wtu next tlic skin, with a view to mortify the CAmo]
BffectloDa and worldly dcsm-x '.

72 BBIEP NOTICES ON MONASTIC

dientium frocci et tunicae luto, pluviis vel lutosis diebus
contracto, infecti ac sordidi apparerent ; et insuper labor
itineris allevaretur, et antiquus de hac re utiKter institutus,
modus reformaretur.

XXX.

Statutum est, ut morem veterem, quo sine involucris
crurum leuga plus una equitare prohibebatur, tenere, si
voluerint, non cogantur.

Causa instituti hujus fiiit, quia nulla ratio apparebat
qua cogerentur absque necessitate, quibuslibet involucris
crura involvere, et quod necessitatis tantum causa per-
missum fiierat, sine mla necessitate portare. . . .

XXXVI. (Col. 1364).

Statutum est, ut nullus etiam ex concessione futurus
monachus, regularibus usque ad XX. annos vestibus
induatur.

Causa instituti hujus fuit, immatura nimisque celer
infantium susceptis, qui antequam aliquid rationabilis
intelligentisB habere possent, factae reugionis vestibus
induebantur, et admixti aliis puerilibus ineptiis omnes
perturbabant ; et, ut quaedam taceam, et muita breviter
colligam, et sibi nihil pene proderant, et aliorum religio-
sum propositimi non parum, immo quandoque plurimiun,
impediebant.

Such was the dress ordained by Peter the Venerable,
and it may be taten as the latest record on the subject
of Benedictine costume.

The vestments of monks of whatever order were
few, and resolve themselves into the following: — The
** mantle," or ** cloak" [chapcy lat. chapa]; the ''cowl,"
in the sense of gown with hood attached [coule (cucvlle,
foule) ; lat. cucullus] ; but in the sense of the hood only
capuchoTi]]^^ the ''scapular" [scapulaire; lat. scapulare" ;
the " tunic" (next the skin, whether of linen or of wool)
[_gonne or etamine] ; the same under the name of the

^ The cowl is also clearlj the superpeUiceum or grand capuchon of the monks
'me orders, reaching to the ground (Du Cange).

AND ECCUCSIASTICAL COSTUME. 73

'^siamin" (or woollen tunic next the 8kin) [ol. I'tftamhie;
lat. Htiiminea]; tlie "ti-ock" \_froc; kt. flocoxim], sometimes
confounded with tlie cowl (See Du Cange "cucidlus");
" breeches," " filibeg," " drawers " [In-aies^ cale^otis ;
fcmoralia, infii-mitatoK] ; sockw, sometimcB with leathern
feet [cAtti^'ison.f ; lat. talaria] ; Htockiugs [has; lat. pedules;
tibiaiia]; leathern boot-wtoekings; sort of gaiter f/rL'/jw*,-
trabuques; lat. tibmctis; tubrueus, tibracaj; boots; buskins
[Jrrodequin ; hottes ; house ; ossa ; housellus].

As regards ecclesiastical drt'ss, the mles established in
rcupect of the robes of pnests officiating at the altar,
were laid down in the veiy same (the twelfth) century.
Tlie ditterent vestments or robes were fixed at the same
iimnber, and have undergone no material cliange to the
present day. They are sufficiently numeroun, and have,
m many cases, an allegorical meaning.

The alb [avbe; lat, alba].— White linen vestment, worn
over an under-gannent ; used by the priest in saying
mass, hence " albas gererc," or " esse in albis," is said of
pricRts so officiating. Sometimes we find it embroidered
in colour [aubc h'odir ; lat. alba parata]. This vestment
is tantamount to the sui-plice.

The amice {jimict, m. ; lat. amictus ; superhumerale].
— The oblong piece of tine linen which the priest who
is to say mass rests for a moment on liis head, and
then lets fall over the shoidders; typical of the *' helmet
of salvntimi."

The stole [etolc ; lat. stola ; orariuni]. — Narrow vest-
ment woni roimd the neck, of the same material as the
chasuble. Tliis vestment is said to be symbolical of
" the yoke of CliTist."

The maniple \_mampiUe-, m.; lat. manipula; fano]. —
Of the same colour and stuff as the chasuble; its use is
restricted to sub-deacons in the lloman Catholic church.*

The chasuble" [chasuble, f. ; casiJaj pwniUa, planeta].
— This is the chief vestment worn by the priest who
celebrates mass, being a large round mantle, covering

• That ol TliomiiB A Bwkct Eb utill in the I'nthfdnil of SeiiP.
■> Tbc cbwiibic of Tbcmiiu A Ik-ckct wnx of «rve\\ AW, unU tkc origiuul ia ^ttll
pTVWtTcd in tliu cathcdnil of Stmi, [QaichGrat, p. 171}.

74 HOEF soncES 09 Moiausiic

die edehrmnt on bodi sdes down to the knees, and worn
orer the odicr Testmentsw It 19 said to be emblematic
of '^ chariiyJ' In fiinn it resembles a hcdlow tnmcated
cone. A ^tecimcn of tfai» Testmcnt in green silk exists
stilly and i^ preserred in the cathedral of Sens, belonging
once to Thonias a Beeket. (Quiclierat, p. 172.)

The paOimn (or pall) [pallium ; lat. pallium]. —
A band or collar of white lamVs wool encircling the
dionld^rs, with two pendent ends filling down the back
and front, ornamented with red crosses. It is conferred
by the Pope on all patriarchs and archbishops as a
symbol of their ecclesiastical power.* This ornament
is worn orer the chasuble.

The dalmatic [dalmcUiqtte ; lat. dahnatica]. — ^An epis-
copal vestment, and especiaUy of the deacon ; open on
each side, with wide deeyes.

The rochet. — ^Ldnen garment, resembling a surplice,
but different in length, with tight sleeves ; proper to
bishops [rochet ; rochette ; sarrau ; lat. rochetum].

The cope, is both a monastic and an ecclesiastical
vestment, but not used in the celebration of mass
[chajye ; cape ; manteau k capuchon ; lat. capa] ; (capa
pluvialis, etc.)

The surplice [surplis ; lat. superpellicium] was both a
monastic and a sacerdotal vestment.

The biretta [barrette ; beret; lat. barretum, baretta,
birettum]. — The sacerdotal cap of priests.

To these may be added, the "mitre" and the "pastoral
staff" [crosse'] or crozier of bishops, the indispensable
adjuncts of the episcopal costume.

The parts of the mitre [mitrey f ; mitra] were the two
"horns," indicating the ''two testaments" The two
platoH formed to a point are in French named les pa7is
do la mitre ; lat. comua. Pendent from the mitre are
the "strings" [fanons; lat. pendilia, fasciae], symboKc
of ''the sjpimt and the letter" The mitre of the twelfth
century is characterized by the comparative lowness of

^ is A charge in the annorial bearinffs of the sees of CanterboiT,
Qd Dublin.

AND ECCI,j:8!A8TICAL COSTUME. 75

the hornii. Tlmt of Thomas h. Becket is still preseiTed
in the cathedral of Sens.

The " ci'ozier," or pastoral staff of bishops [crossf, f. ;
baculum pastoralis, pedum, cambufa]. — Symbolic of the
authority with wliich they rule their flocks.

The other objects of episcoiial costume or dress, are
the gloves, sandals, *" and nng [saudalia episcopi^, ^gants,
the "stockings"] [caligae, tibialia].

The origin of the bisliop's gloves, as part of his
liturgical dress, has direct connection -with the feudal
system. When ecclesiastical beneiices were conferred
by a sovereign or reigning prince, the custom was to
invest the recipient or give liini possession by a pair of
gloves. The practice dates from the eleventh centuiy,
and many examples are still extant, discovered in the
coffins of bishops and mitred abbots.** This symbolic
allusion acquired thus a significance and importance,
which the Clim-ch well knew how to turn to account.

Another emblem of the episcojial dignity in tlie early
days of the church, was the sujjerlnimiral \m\iQV-
hunicrale], a large lichly bi-oeaded collar, of the nature
of a pallium, or sort of ephod. Its use did not continue
as an episcopal ornament. Tlie amice is said to have
replaced it.

The f<tregoing obseiTations may be .><upplemonted by a
few historical data, on the antiquity and origin of some
portions of liturgical costume and monkish dress.

It was under the fii'st MeroWngiaus in the fifth
ccntmy in France, and about the era of our own Saxon
Heptarchy, that we have the original traces of actual
sacerdotal costume in the West. The clerical costume,
properly so-called, dates to tiie foiu-th ccntuiy, the only
absolute requirement for the priesthood being that among

" At p. 157 of "yuii'berBt'KHibtoryof French Cofhime is given a rqireseutotimi
o( the HUidnhi vriim by biBhi>p8 i« the time tA Loiiiv li- Uros.

*' Bishopit iu> well us kiti)^ unci iibbotn wurc at one piTiud iiiti'ircd in thi'ir
Konl and (■rclndnatioal dreBe. Gervals. whd mvifUHi at l.iie obwquicn of ThotniiE
k Becket, etatcn how he took part in ulutliint; tbut prcliitr with the very fiaac
tobcc whii-h he wore dimng life in [I'lebrntiiig mnns. It oteiuT conBtunllj now in
lifting tile nooriug or pjirtmtut of anoieiit chunhcB, thut nomc portion of cpj^copul
cmtnino or other omamimt U tbun bioiight to light (Quicbcrnt, p. ITU).

76 BRIEP NOTICES ON MONASTIC

the existing robes of that era, the officiating clergy should
invariably adopt the most ample and most flowing. It
became m due course imderstood, in respect of their
costume, that all dress, so long as it was white, long and
flowing, and not that of common or every day usage,
was admissible. To this rule exceptions are to be foimd,
for during the whole time of his apostolate, St. Martin
celebrated mass in black ; and we find towards the middle
of the fifth century, that the bishops of the Visigothic
kingdom of Narbonne, officiated pontifically in dyed and
embroidered robes.**

In the celebration of the mass, the first vestment
adopted from the earliest times was the a/6, named
''linea" from its linen- texture, and ''alba" from its
colour. Next came the orro or ovarium^ which at a later
period became the origin of the stole; indeed, in the
ninth century, both were synonymous terms. An outer
vestment, or large roimd mantle was worn over the alb,
and this sacerdotal garment was first known under the
names of ''penula" '' casula" and ''planeta" It was so
termed casula, because it encased the priest as it were
like a house on all sides; and planeta, because, like a
planet, it was never stationary or at rest, but waved and
oscillated around his body. The term casula was the
original derivation of our chasuble^ the vestment in
question. In the sixth century the so-called pallium
(pall) was adopted, as a distinctive mark of metropolitan
costume ; and the dalmatic in the fourth and fifth century,
was assigned as a chief vestment to deacons. The
uppermost vestment, the cope (cappa), or la chape of the
French, had its origin long before it came into general
use in the seventh centiuy, but not altogether as a sacer-
dotal vestment.

All ecclesiastics from the fifth century down, or from
about 418-752 (the Merovingian period), had adopted the
tonsure^ the circle of hair round the head being kept as
small as possible ; and in this respect the secular clergy
and monastic orders had no material difference. The

» Quicherat, pp. 101-106.

AND ECCLESIASTICAL COSITJME. 77

clerical tonsure liad become common and universal in
the fifth and sixth centui-ies.

The large communities of monks, dating as they did
from the first centuiies, followed more or less a code of
their own, the rule of St. liasil being generally adopted ;
but in the sixth century the advent of St. Benedict
changed entirely the character of inonachism, and his
rule (a» wc have already observed) was that of all the
csenooitic life of tlie West for several succeeding centuiies.
After that time monachism became reduced to some
degree of uniformity; each community had before that
period followed its own courne, both in dress and other
obsei-vances. Of tlicsc primitive communities, the monks
following the Egyptian rule, as were those of Marseilles,
and those following the Greek rule of St. Basil, had
many distinguishing features in their dress. The latter
had adopted the " pallium," and this custom was taken
cognizance of at the council of Orleans in 511, in the
time of Clovis, King of the Franks. The institution of
monto, or mona.sticism, goes back to the fourth century.

Great abuses in di'ess, as well as in other parts of
monastic life, found their way after a certain time into
both the monastic and clerical calling, and a few obser-
vations chiefly gleaned from Quichemt (at one time
Director of the French Ecole des Chartcs),*" -will eluci-
date the innovations of different ]jeriods do'vsni to tlie
eighteenth centuiy.

In the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, the statutes
which regulated Ixith the dress of the clergy and tliat of
the monastery, were greatly infringed, Plic magnifi-
cence of a dignitary of the church in the former century
knew no ijounds, and this departure from the relative
simplicity of dre.Hs at the beginning, was veiy nmch to be
traced to the then existing abuse, that many ecclesiastics
united with their spiritual cliai'ge the civil and temporal
tiinctions of great impropriators and beneficiaries, and
tlioso who care to enter into the question of the church
revenues of those days will find corroborative e^'idence of
the fact.

* " Hiatoire du Ccwtutne cu Fnmc«."

78 BBIEF NOTICES ON MONASTIC

Many parts of the sacerdotal dress were uncere-
moniously dealt with and altered at that period. The
*^alb" underwent a change in shape ; and equally other
vestments. It was towards the end of the mteenth
century that the ^^ chasuble" assumed the form by which
it is now known.

The monastic institutions fell, about that time, into
the same state of irresponsibility and laxity. The
Benedictine (Cluniac) monks of the fifteenth century
adopted all manner of innovations of dress, in total
defiance of their rule ; and the Cistercians, their rivals,
who at one time set themselves up as a pattern of
austerity and denial, became for that reason the most
flagrant infringers of the two. Their professed monks
changed the colour of many parts of their habit, whilst
their lay-brethren entirely put aside their statutory grey
habit, and dressed, if one may so say, in all the colours
of the rainbow, altering, in addition, both the cut and
form of their clothing.

The state of the nunneries was no better at the same
period. About a.d. 1413 the lady abbesses not only
dressed themselves according to the then prevailing
female fashion, but tolerated the same departure from
their rule in the sisters of the convent. Their veils
were made to show the face instead of concealing it, and
these superioresses, when called upon to recCess the
scandal, simply pleaded the existing fashion of the day.
It is probable that these excesses overdid themselves, for
records tend to prove that the then existing monastic
eccentricities were eventually redressed.

It may be stated here, whilst on the subject of
nunneries, that the ** wimple " [wimple or guimple ;
guimpe; lat. wimpla], dates to the eleventh century.
Writers mention it under the head of theristrium or
theristum, a head-dress also very analogous to the
Spanish mantilla.

The question of hair and the ** beard" has given rise
to much scandal in the church, and opposition more than
once, and has often been the cause of downright ridicule.
This was especially the case in the following century.

AND ECCLESIASTICAL COSTUME. 79

When Pope Clement VII. allowed his beard to grow, as
a wgn of ^ef after tlie taking: and sack of Kome in
1527, the seat of his episcopal cliair, the French clergy
took it into their heads to adopt the fashion, and caused
considerable disturbance and agitation at the time. An
anecdote is told of a certain bishop of Clennont (Guil-
laume Duprat) who had been nominated to that see
whilst under age. This prelate went in 153-5 to take
possession of his cathedral, and was possessed at the
time of j)orliaps the finest beard of any man in France.
On presenting himself for that purpose, the dignitaries
of the chapter met him at the cnti-aneo of the choir,
and with all due deference ob-sti-ucted his entry, offering
him on a silver salver a jiair of scissors, and at the
same time pointing to the rule in their statutes, "(/e
barhu radendis." The sequel was, that altliough highly
indignant and o])po.sed to the measure of curtailing his
beard, the bishop-elect had to give way. Hut on the
same subject earlier instances should have been before
mentioned, and equally ridiculous. About the beginning
of the twelfth century, when Ileiu-y I. was on the throne
of England, the subject of the beard and liair disquieted
the minds of the clergy of that day. Both had been
discarded fifty years before, in the reign of Hemy I,
of France. Now the mode Lad again crejjt in. The
chui-ch urged against tlie fashion the woi-ds of St. Paid
to the Coiinthians, "That if a man liave long hail-, it
is a »bamc unto him," and declared the custom quite
incompatible with the then prevailing usage of pilgrims,
prisoners, and penitents. Not this only, but the two
most illustrious prelates of the day, Yves, Bishop of
Chartres, and Anselm, Archbiiihop of Canterbury, refused
the sacmuients to those of tli*;ir diocesans, who did not
conform to the rules of the chui-ch in re.spect (tf hair.

The Council of Rouen fulminated eijually in 1096 a
dcnujiciation throughout Nonnandy to the same effect.
One of the bishops of that ducliy, Rathlxide of Noyon,
denounced the custom as one of the chief cau.'*t's of the
then prevailing epidemic. Tliis had its effect, for more
t a thousand persona thereupon presented themselves

80 BRIEF NOTICES ON MONASTIC

to be operated upon in consequence ; and it is said that
the keen-eyed prelate, observing that their tunics were
also too long, applied his scissors equally to shorten
them.

Serlon, Bishop of S6ez, did the same thing. Henry I.
of England and his whole court, amongst whom was the
Comte de Meulan, underwent the same operation in the
church of Argentan at the hands of that bishop. Serlon
had been instrumental in bringing over the King to
Normandy, to restore the order and confusion into which
the duchy had been thrown by the neglect and supine-
ness of Robert Courte-Heuse. He took the opportunity
of first inveighing against the practice in a sermon, and
then applied the actual remedy to Henry and his whole
suite. The former tendered his head to be so operated on
with all possible humility.*^ But this quotation only
exemplifies the matter partially as regards ecclesiastics.

The like practice continued among the clergy, and
reappeared at intervals. In 1561, during the reign of
Henry II. of France, the prelates of the church, who
were opposed to shaving, placed their chins under the
protection of the King,** by getting him to enforce the
measure, and intimidate the chapters. The celebrated
Pierre Lascot (Alasco), when at one time (towards the
middle of the same century) elected to a canonry in the
cathedral of Paris, experienced every possible difficulty
in being installed in consequence of his beard. The
chapter consented to admit him under the circumstances
(possibly because he had abjured Catholicism), so long
as it should not be taken as a precedent. It was more
or less about that date that Protestant ministers having
also adopted long beards, scruples on that question were
again raised among Catholics. The subject was discussed
at Sorbonne^ in 1561, and although the decision arrived
at was against the practice, the whole of the churches of
the West at that time tacitly permitted it. How, in fact,

« Quicherat, p. 158. « Ibid, p. 369.

^ This society of ecclesiastics attained great reputation on questions of theology,
and their judgment was frequently appealed to down to nearly the end of the
eighteenth century. It had oeen founded by Robert de Sorbonne in 1252, and
was dissolred about 1789.

could it have been otherwise, for all the Popes of that
day followed the same custom of ignoring the razor ?

The dress of the clergy in everyday life was regulated
in the sixteentli century, and black was the colour assigned
to it. The French ecclesiastics resisted the clerical dresa
or uniform, if one may so term it. It consisted of the
coiiaocl: (soutane) and a square cap, at first the colour of
which was arbitrary. The introduction of black was
the original idea of Cardinal Borromeo, the Arclibishop
of Jlilan. He ordered tlie whole of the clergy of his
province to adopt that colour in 1565, but it was not till
1583 that the French clergy, who resisted the Italian
innovation, fell in Avith the custom. Throughout all
Europe, alwut that time also, clerics began to wear a
nkiUl-cap \ci.th', valotttt] under their other head covering.

A distinctive mark of the bishop's dress at that time,
also, was the cnjK-ttc, a short mantle which was worn
over the camail. Prelates of that day were not restricted
to black as tlie rest of the clergy, neither had violet then
been adopted as their distinctive colour. Most of the
paintings of that epoch show light blue to have been the
prevailing colour. The dom-mo, or hood under that
name, was also one of the bishop's attributes in winter.""

Wigs, again, which came into fashion in the following
century, especially at the time of Louis XIV. and our
own King Charles II,, were piWuctive of the same
scandal in the chmch, and oi' similar scenes to those
caused by bcaids. The ablx^ tie la Riviere, the intimate
associate of Gaston d'Orleaiif*, son of Henry IV., and
bishop of Langres, was the tirst to adojit the peruke. It
was probably about 16'20 that it was first worn in France,
but became common in England in 1660. The junior
uiembcrs of the clei-gy were not long in following his
example. There arose on the subject a sort of com-
proniiso, that such false hair should be taken off by
the celebmnt at mass, and never worn at the altar, and
thus for a while it was tolerated. But perhaps the

■ Qiikhent, p. 130. A French bUhop of Sinlcron, sbj-i" LpstoUe, when at the
point at drath. asked for hi* domino, bwnwip, anid he, "BmU siinl qui morianlur
tn Domino." The titoTj is too good to be true : it luust have been lijd for him.

82 MONASTICAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL COSTUME.

most flagrant matter on this question arose out of the
licentious character of that age. The abb^s (or as they
were styled " ahhes perruquets "), rather than officiate at
mass in consequence of the above rule, never went near
their churches at all, so that to conform to their tastes a
smaller peruke came into mode for their especial use,
which went from that time \mder the name of '' perruqiies
cPahbe."^

We now close the subject, and leave it at the above
date, for to continue further, and pointedly comment on
recent Anglican church-innovations, might possibly cause
us to infringe Rule (No. 1) of this Society.

'^ Quicherat» p. 514. The quantity of hair contributed by the dead and living
towards making these wigs was enormous, so much so, that Colbert threatened to
prevent its further importation into France, but then, as now, the French holding
the first place in matters of taste, the fact that wigs of their manufacture were
highly prized in England, Spain, and elsewhere, the revenue was vastly benefited ;
and so the matter dropped.

MKMUIRS OF MRS. OMtFIEIJ), BY HER SON, AND NOTICES

(tF THE NEIGIIBOFRIIOOI) UF OLDFIELD EAWN, FROM

178.5 TU 1808: WITH AN ACCOUNT UF THE AUTHOR.

Bv THK lliiv. F. 11. ARNOLD, M,A.. LL.B.

Sussex.

Thk author of these Memoirs was one of those who
followed the advice of Captain Cuttle, as regards men
and wonn'n, places and tilings, " Wlien found, make a
note of." From his early days he deliglited in making
copious memttmnda, anu in writing letters descriptive
of the HCciies and ocemTonecs he witnessed. These were
greatly divei-sified. In Newfoundland, Canada, and the
West Indies ; in the Netherlands, and in Paris, after
Waterloo (where his obsei-vations are the most interesting
of any), in Jersey, in Scotland, and in li-elund ; wherever
he sojourned he made notes in many volumes, and also
set down the honks he neniscd in his daily reading, with
comments t'

liiese MSS. have been kindly lent
hy Major-Geiieral Richard Oldtield, his son, with
(onnission t"> nmke use of them. Most of tlieso are of

84 UEHOIBS OF UBS. OLDFIBLD.

^neral, rather than of local interest ; hut the contents
of a little octavo volume are an exception. Towards
the end of his days General John Oldfield wrote a
hiography of hie mother, which, as containing many
references to Susses life, in the extreme western comer
of the county, a century ago, is worthy of preservation
among similar records in these "Collections." In the
following extracts I give mainly the writer's own words,
and prefix a hrief account of his ancestry, with a sketch
of his career, chiefly derived from his own letters.
During the Civil War the Oldfield family took the
Cavalier side, and after the Restoration was rewarded
hy a baronetcy. Sir Anthony Oldfield, son of John
Oldfield, of Hylsted, co. York, was "for his loyalty and
attachment to the royal cause," made a baronet by
letters patent Aug. 6, 1660 (12 Car. II.) He was suc-
ceeded by his son. Sir John Oldfield, 2nd Bart., who
had two sons; the elder became Sir Anthony, 3rd Bart.,
who left no male issue, and was
ifi, succeeded hy his brother. Sir John,

Vk^ 4th Bart., who died unmarried, the

£Bt^^ property devolving to his sisters and

1|^HP coheiresses, Mary and Margaret, and

Tff^ the title to Eaward, grandson of

cJs^.j» Richard, 3rd son of Sir Anthony,

~ Ist Bart. He also died without

issue, and the title devolved to
his brother Humphrey, from whom
General Oldfield was descended.'
Some of the most interesting of the
armorial bearings which occur on
Sussex monuments have punning
^ arms, and more rarely punning
crests, and we have an instance of
both in those of Oldfield, which,

1 TTIh flnitn to be fifth baronet was Bubmitted to the HenJd'a College, who
expressed an ophiion that although they had no doubt that Qeneral John Oldfleld,
R.E., was the representative of the baronetcf, yet that, owing to a BTntem which
had been noted of cutting and mairinR regiaten, there was great diiQcultj in
actually tracing his desceut from lUchaid, third son of 8ir Anthony Oldfield, and
a re-cieation at the baronetcy wonld be neccaritated. This involved great ezpenae,
which Oenetal Oldfield decided to burnt.

MKMOIRS or MRS. OLDFIELD. 85

mill TUrious quarterinffs, arc to be seen in Westbounie
Cliurch. The amis oi Oldfield are — Or on a pile vert
3 garbs fwheat sheaves). 2. I Crest upon a garb, a dove
azure, close holding in its mouth a wheat ear.^ The
motto "Pax et Cojiia" i« also veiy appropriate, both with
respect to the dove and the full ear of com.

Omitting here a particular account of General Oldiield'a
immediate ancestors, as they do not appear to liave been
connected with Sussex, we proceed to the events of his
life.

He was bom at Portsmouth, May 29, 1789, and received
a classical and mathematical education from three clergy-
men successively, named Foster, Le Brock and Hoyle,
ajid read French at home. All his amusements and
reading out of study, lie tolls us, tended towards the
AiTuy, for which he had a strong predilection. On
completing his 14th year he was taken to Woolwich
Aeaaeniy for entrance, when it was discovered that liis
height was 4^-ft. — i.i'., under the regulation standard
of 4-ft. 9-in., and that consequently he coidd not enter
without a dispensing order fi*om the Master-General.
Tliis was obtained. He passed his examination Aug.
33, 1803, and then joined the Royal Military College
at Great Marlow (now Sandhurst), fi-om which cadets
were sent to Woolwicli. At Woolwich he was prepared
for an Artillen' commission ; but the Earl of Moii-a,
Master-Genenil of the Ordnance, pi-efen-ed placing him
in the Engineers, which he joined August 23, 1805,
exactly two years after his admission.* His vacations
were pa.ssed in Sussex. He next joined the Trigono-
metrical Sui*vey, at Bodmin, and afterwards went to
Portsmouth, where he was promoted to a First Lieu-
tenancy. When under orders to go to Nova Scotia he
wan seized with typhus fever, and liad to remain at

' Tlic WheBtlt'Vs, nt PevcTWcT. hove also (or their crest s garb or wbeatfhi'of
(•' S. A. C," Vol. XXXVII., p. H).

• Among liin notes, when cndt-t. he tnys, "' Ili» Miijesty George III. visited the
AcmHamy un the iWh Mny. >*J5. "t wliich time I was witliin two or three of the
lop of thfl AcMlcinjr. 11^ llajtMy iioticwl mn, emjuiwd my age ond who I was.
On bcin^t told, he wob pleaded to notice my node's serrice*. ae beinf- Irceb in his
ntuUL-otlon. 'Hid Queen apokc liernuin to I.aiidiniuin luid BlumcuhaU'Q, icitli
tbo ionuet Ilur Slajuaty uouvenod for tame time."

86 MEMOIRS OF MRS. OLDFIELD.

Emsworth until another convoy sailed. On the 4th of
June, 1807, he landed at Halifax, and served in America
till 1809, when he returned to England and was quartered
at Dorchester. He was ordered to Fort George, in Scot-
land, and continued there until he embarked for foreign
service. He arrived at Helvoetsluys on the 28th of
March, 1814, and was with the army of Holland and the
Netherlands during that year. From a series of letters*
written home at that time we find that he was at Antwerp
on the 5th of May, when the French garrison quitted it,
and Sii' Thomas Grraham entered with the British troops.

" We were received," he says, " with the greatest enthusiasm, and
the air was rent with ^Vive VAngleterre!^ ^Vive VAutriche!^ the former
cry predominating. The town was illuminated in the evening ; we
were received at the Theatre with the acclamations that had greeted
us since the first day of our arrival, whenever an English uniform
appeared. The piece was * Kichard Ooeur de Lion.' "

Writing from Antwerp, on the 12th of August, 1814,
he thus describes his first acquaintance with the Diike of
Wellington : —

" On the 10th His (Jrace the Duke of Wellington arrived at Antweq)
on his route to Paris, to assume the duties of the British Embassy.
He was accompanied by Lieut.-Cols. Chapman and Hessey, of the
Boyal Engineers, and was joined at Brussels by Lieut.-Col. Carmichael
Smyth. His Grace's obiect was to obtain such information as would
enable him to give an opmion upon the defence of Belgium, which, by
the treaty of Paris, was, together with Holland, to become the kingdom
of the Low Countries. I accompanied his Grace on the following
morning round the fortifications of both town and citadel. The Duke
made a most minute inspection. His questions were nimierous, and
he did not appear dissatisfied with the information he received,
although somewhat bored by the prosing of the Commandant of the
citadel, a retired Captain of the Irish Artillery, on full pay, of the 73ixi

* In one of these, dated from Calmptout, 1 April, 1814, after describing a dinner
at head-quarters with the Prince of Orange, he relates the following anecdote : —
** Col. Browne, formerly of the 28th Regt., and now commanding the 3rd Batt.
of the 56th, a well-known eccentric character, also dined there a few days since.

waggon

drove through the cantonments the servant*, idlers and villagers turned out,
following the waggon, so that by the time it reached head-quarters a crowd had
assembled, which, attracting the attention of the party collected in the drawing-
room, they came to the window as the waggon stopped, when Tom Browne made
his appearance, to the amusement of the company and the disappointment of the
crowa, who expected at least to have seen a lion or a tiger.'*

MKMniK.S OF MRS. OLDFIELD.

Bfigt., and whose Brevet rank placed him in thia conmiand. It waa
the first time I had met his Grace, with whom I had the gratiiication
of breakfasting. He left Antwerp) for Brussels at two o'clock."

Tbe commotion wliicli ensued on Bonaparte's escape
from Elba is thus incidentally mentioned : —

"BruBselB, 7 th April, 1815. Iliad ecarcely sat down to dinner when
R Bervnnt came lip to aay a gentloman wished lo see me. I enquired
who he wiia, imd waa told a 'Bos gentleman,' for all the Belgians were
known amongst tiie soldiers by the appellation of ■ Bos." I told him
I was engaged ; hut he insisted on seeing me. After apologising for
disturbing me, he said that as a family man it might be important for
me lo know that Najioleou had reached Paris, and that tlie King and
Royal Family were on tlie road to Ypi-es, pursued by the rebels. I
tlinnknl him for the iitfarmation, and ordered my family to pack up
forthwith and preiwre to leave Ypres for England at daylight. Going
botrk to my quarters I gave the necessoiy orders for the next morning.
My family were up before six, and drove out of the Conrt-yard of the
Fala<;u as the General and his A.D.C, drove in, and I sent an orderly
to see they met witli no ditticulty in the intermediate stage between

Ypres and Ostend They had a most boisterous passage.

Alter remaining some days in town to recover themselves, they pro-
ceeded into BuBsex to occupy my bouse, which had been vacated by tlie
lenanl, a Captain in the Navy, lo whom the late events had given
emJlloJ^^cnt,"

At the beginning of April, 1815, the Duke of Welling-
ton, after going to linissels, gave orders for putting the
frontier into a ntate of defonce by constructing new
workd at Ostcnd, Ypres, Oudenarde, Mons, and other
fortresoes, and inundating the country where ab,sohitely
iiecessaiy. C'aptain Oklfield was entrusted with iimndii-
ting the distiict round Ypres, a troublesome and tiiankless
oi)e ration."

- 'Hiin wcrdifUipUinodtn anotlicrlctti-'r. "We took up oiir billet in the village
of ThuTcu. Tlie lionw of our ' lioB,' for thia is tbe t«r&i glvL-n to the boet or
landlord, vat •mall, but beautifully clean."

• With reffn-Ticc lo thiwe inundationi'. a ehorarterirtic ancrdotu of Wellington
IshricrpiBtcd:— " He a^hcd on Eagiiu-o- offlwr if the waters at a cortain plocu
wcro (nrdable, and on hie n^lying with hrsitBtiou, he oidcrecl liim to try to pnas.
Ml whirli the unlucky ofBrar got in bni-Ae and all, and cM^prd with a good
ducking." Another, loo, relating to the Duke'e memory of poiticulat persons,
and ucctMmit'd by this riidt, dceerTe« record ;— " Hia timec ha« nn unfortunate
Bicni»ry. In piiiig rininrt the works of Tpre«, the C.R.E. and an oIDcjt were
iuitiii'^If it. Ii 1.1 r..i, rli, Duke. The ofHccr, with great wanl of tact, was enquiring
of (III I.' ' -■ ■ 111 the day, and was with difficulty silenced. On IpuTinp

Ih'- >'" '<''< the carriage, the Duke turned to the C.K.E. and paid,

'It }■■' I llip gentleniBn who wa» enquiring for news, I was about

to (ill liii^i t:< '1 I- ii<<: 111 II ('i>Ri.>e-ioom. I remember hii" well in the Pcnini^ulo.
Inrti'iul ot liKikiuf; iilti-r his pontoons, he was amusiug himself ridiug over the

88 MEMOIRS OF MRS. OLDFIELD.

" In consequence of representations as to the injuiy caused by the
flooding," he says, "the General desired me to draw off the waters.
I stated to him my readiness to obey any directions he gave me; but if
the inundations were not continued the place was not safe against a
coup de 7nain, as the breaches were not yet closed, the ditches cleared,
or many of the palisades put up. They were therefore not interrupted,
to the satisfaction of the Duke on his visit to Ypres at the end of the
month. A complaint," he observes, "was also made to the King of
the Netherlands of our cutting the king's timber for our palisades. I
certainly did take what I wanted, wherever it was to be had, and I was
told that the Duke was well satisfied with what we had done."

The next letters relate to his joining the Army of the
Dnke of Wellington as Brigade Major, R.E., and the
exertions which were made to put the frontier into a
state of defence before the commencement of hostilities.

** On the 15th of June," he says, "we had at Brussels all sorts of
reports of the movements of the French and of the allies. Sir Colin
Campbell was to dine with us ; he brought with him his relation. Sir
Neil, who had charge of the Emperor at Elba. My chief (Col. Car-
michael Smyth), the two CampbelLs, the adjutant and myself sat down
to dinner at our usual hour. The evening was a most interesting one ;
from Sir Neil wo had numerous anecdotes of Napoleon ; from Sir Colin
we had the latest head-quarter reports. After dinner we stroUed in
the park. The Duke had been at or near Gharleroi in the early part
of the day, and given orders for the concentration of our troops, and
we were hourly in expectation of a move."

The original idea of the Duke of Wellington was that
a battle would be fought near Antwerp. A sketch of the
plains of Waterloo was obtained by nim shortly before
the battle from Major Oldfield, who furnished it to Sir J.
Carmichael Smyth. The letter in which he describes the
recovery of this plan, after being lost for a time, is so
interesting that great part of it may be quoted : —

** On the morning of the 17th, upon my joining Col. Smyth, he desired
me to receive from Lieut. Waters the plan of the position, which,
according to his desire, I had sent to him from Brussels the preceding
day, and of which I was told to take the greatest care ; it had been lost
in one of the charges of the French cavaJuy. Lieut. Waters, who had
put it in his sabretache, was imhorsed in the melie and ridden over.
On recovering himself, he found the cavalry had passed him, and his
horse was nowhere to be seen. He felt alarmed for the loss of the plan.
To look for his horse he imagined was in vain, and his only care was to
avoid being taken prisoner, which he hoped to do by keeping well to
the right, as the enemy, being repulsed, was returning oy the left.
After proceeding about fifty yards ne was delighted to find his horse

MEMOIRS OF MRS. OLDFIELD. 89

2iu«t]y destroj-ing the vegetables in n garden near the farm-houBG at
[utttre Bras ; ho thus, Ibrtmiately, reeovei-ed his plan, and witli it
rejoined the Colonel. The relreiit of the PruHsians upon Wavre rendered
it necessarj' for the Duke to make a correaponding movement, and upon
the receipt of a communication fi-om lilucher he called for Col. Smyth,
and Beked him for his plan of thti position of Waterloo, whidi I
iniiuediately handed to hini. The L'uie then gave ordei-s to General
de Lancey to put the army in position at Waterloo, forming them acrosa
the NiveUes, &c."

It has been eometinies asserted that part of the ground
near Waterloo was entrenched. Tliis General Oldfield
Htates to be altogetlier eiToneous.' Some personal inci-
dents whicli o<;cun'ed to the writer on the field of battle
are worthy of mention : —

" Sir William de Lnncey, the Deputy- Quartermaster-General, fell
cArly in the day. We were near a aofitary tree, opposite La Hoye
Suinte ; I wan within a horse's length of liini when he fell. My mare
rear^, and turned round with me ; I thought alie had been wounded.
The fire was very heavy. Whilst we were on the right a shell burst
in the luidet of us. During a charge of c-avalry the enemy bad pene-
trated to the second line, and in the melie I liad the good fortune to save
a Dutch HuBsar from being cut domi by one of our own, I believe of
the Tenth. The uniform was veiy similar to that of a French conts
with which we were engaged, but being well acquainted with the
Dutch uniform I rode up in time to jirovent niisthief in this instance.
Our Hussar, however, toldmehehadsabred two or three in that uniform.
, . . It was I think between seven and eight, when, being on the
left, I saw the Prussians at a diHtanoe. I returued to the right just
before the French made their last grand effort. ... It certainly
was a glorious spectacle to see our hue advancing upon tie retiring
enemy, and to hear the British cheer resounding fi-om one £nnk to
another. At the moment of the advance a battery of Belgion Hoi-se
Artillery- was close to me, they were cheering enthusiasticaliy, when a
diachnrge fnmi a Frencli battery, I believe the last they fired, dismounted
one or two guns and put nearly twenty of the officers and men horn tie
comhat."

The UTiter then goes on tr) doscribe his return to
Waterloo in the dusk after the battle wus over, and liis
tinding his old iriend, Sir Henry Ellis, of the 23rd,
wounded by the side of the Kivefle Road, who begged

r ■* On ridins up to the field lo make mj rrport to (.'olouel Hw.vth. I Icunil from
hitn tlml tiie lliike liad rcUnqulgboiI tlic idea of L-nlrptu^tuocnt, nnd from thin
dl<mmKt«Dce, and bmu my hnring bpon wi-vnl tiniFs during the liaj cm tho
plateau. I ran (.'ouSdeudj nlnte l.hitt UM a vhovelfii] at earth xtns ttirml. olid di-ny

dut auotUon of tlie txittlr' ut Wuti'ilmi Ijddiig bt'tn foiiglil in lui ('UtrL'ii<.'bciI
or of a redoubt bflug couslrutlwl."

90 MEMOIBS OF MRS. OLDFIELD.

him to get him removed, for which he procured a tmnbril.
The way in which he spent the night of the 18th is
thus graphically related : —

" We found the billet we had left in the morning filledjsdthjeroundedv
our servants and orderlies gone to the rear. We put up our horses in
the stable, and foraged them with straw from a neighbouring loft.
Our next object was to get ourselves under cover, which we did, by
breaking open a house on the opposite side of the road, to which we
brought some straw from the stable, making ourselves as comfortable
as might be for the night. The house was apparently empty ; in the
kitchen Sir George Hoste found part of a ham, which was cut in slices,
toasted on his swoixi, and being divided amongst us, formed a scanty
repast. After some time the owner of the house was foimd in the
cellar ; he was in great alarm, and declared that he had nothing what-
ever left. He pestered us about the events of the day, and enquired
particularly about a Colonel of Belgian Carbineers, of whom we knew
nothing ; but our witty friend Head turned the question to good
account, by assuring him that his poor friend the Colonel was no more,
but that after he was struck he had told him to go to his friend, who
lived opposite the cabaret at Waterloo, and bid him be kind to his
cheres amis les Anglais, The man naturally stared at Head, and at last,
with a little persuasion and the sight of a few francs, was induced to
bring forth some bottles of wine and some bread, which we divided
with Sir George Wood, who had been less fortunate. Having made a
hearty meal we threw ourselves on the straw and slept soundly."

Of Major Oldfield's habit of careful observation and
accurate description, we have a good example in his first
letter after the occupation of Paris by the allies : —

" Paris, July 28th, 1815.

** My time since we entered Paris has been fully occupied with my
official duties and sight-seeing. My first object was the establishment
of my office at No. 36 in the Rue d'Anjou, nearly opposite the billet
of my chief, with whom the Adjutant and myself used daily to break-
fast, but as his hours were late, generally nearer eleven than ten, I
fermitted that honour to devolve on the Adjutant alone, in order that
might have time to myself, breakfasting at seven or ei^ht. I gained
fully two hours every day, being anxious to see all I coxud of the great
city, where the period of our stay was uncertain. Immediately upon
our occupation of Paris the Prussians were anxious to destroy the Pont
de Jena, and it was with difficulty the Duke preserved this beautiful
bridge from desti'uction by dissuading Blucher to delay the opei*ation
until the arrival of the Allied Sovereigns, who entered Paris on the
night of the 10th of July, where we had assembled the Emper<:)r8 of
Austria and Kussia, the King of Prussia, and the Grand Dukes Nicholas
and Michael.

** In the Emperor of Austria and Kinff of Prussia there was nothing
prex>06ses8ing, although both were well spoken of by their subjects

MEMOIRS OF .MKS. OLDFIKLD.

and reiiresentetl as en-ellont Sovereigns, The Emperor I had se^n at
Antwerp). Alexander looked tho Euiperoi-. The Kuaeian ArciidukcB
Nicholas and Michael I bad also met with at Antwerii, and at Paris
they did tue the houowr to recogniKe me. The veviews of the different
triM)!"! were most intercRting ; tfie British troops irei'c the worst dreseed,
hill dei-idedly the tincBt men, hs niig-ht be observed when men of t]ie
dilFercut nations were hathing in tlie Seine, 1 was at ilie first hall tlie
Diihe of Wellingtiin gave aft^r imr t«nlrj- into PnnB. His Grace was
lodged at the Palace of the Elys^e Bourbon, a itiaiwion well calodated
for giving f@tes. Anxious to see tlie company airive, I went early and
placed myself at the door of the reception room, where I was noon
joined by tlie Hetnian PlatotT, who had oUti come early for the same
purpose. Wc exeliangeil such iufomialion as we posBpsBtNl in referpticp
to tiio diHtinguished statenmen and scililicra of all Eurnpe, who jMssed
before uti. The Hetman was a shni'p and intelligeut little man, and
made himself very agreeable, "We dmed genemlly, a small party, at
a reslauratt'UTR, A lii carte ; the charges were mwlerate, tho eooking
esft'llent, and llie wine good. Of the Caf^s, the Cnf^ des MJIlea
Couleurs was perhaps the most splendid, and la belle liniotitiidiere
tho greatest ornament ; she was said to have atti'acted the attention
of the Emperor of Russia, At the Caf6 d'Etrangere in the PalaiH
Bovale tliere is generally very tolerable luusic. In my next letter I
will make mention of tho Theatre and of the Lou\Te. For the pre-
sent Allien,

" r.8. — I foi^t to tell you that the Duke sent the Prince Regent
Napoleon's spiun to place in his R.H.'s Museiun ; they were presented
by a Prussian officer, who had taken Iheni with some of tlie Empeiiir's
baggage after the hiiltle of Waterloo. The Duke with some diMculty
put a stop to tho Allies levj-ing contrihutioue on Paris, a measure thny
were most anxious to earrj- into effect,"

After lonviiig Parif* in SpptpmlKT \\v had two niontliN'
leave, wliifli he spent in Suhsox, and then returned to tlie
Continent, where ho roniainod, principally at Canibrai,
until the end of hSliS. He tlien left fur Enghuid. and
lived for a while at home. In a letter dated < )ldtield
Lawn, Dec. 10, ISIS, lie looks forward to a little tran-
quility.

" My sapper sen-ant I daily exi>ect. when, like fnch- Toby mid
Corporal Trim, we may fight our cainpaignw togelher. noi on rlie
bowhng green, but on the liawn. and 'twill he long before we have
another cnmjmigii, if ever we have f»ne."

Hirt retirement was, however, not so permanent as that
of Uncle Tohy. After lieinjr on half-j)By in Hns.sex until
1825, he wa.s sent on a special coniuiission to the West
Indies. Thence he went t<i Ireland, and was quartered
for xeventl vears at Atlilone. In ISljn he was ordered

92 MEMOIRS OF MRS. OLDFIELD.

to Newfoundland® and afterwards to Jersey,^ where he
remained until 1839. The next four years were spent in
Canada, and his letters thence relating to the suppression
of the Rebellion are full of interest. In 1843 he returned
to Plymouth, and in 1848 was sent again to Ireland. In
1852 he came back to Oldfield Lawn, where he passed
the remainder of his days.

General Oldfield married Mary, daughter of Christopher
Arden, Esq., of Dorchester, March 12, 1810, by wnom
he had seven children — Elizabeth Mary, John Kawdon,
Thomas, Edward Hmnphrey, Eliza Maria, Anthony, Jane.
She died at Le Mans, I ranee, July 6, 1820. He married
secondly, July 8th, 1822, Alicia, daughter of the Rev. D.
Hume, Rector of Arden, a descendant of the Earl of
Marchmont and of his wife, Mrs. Macartney Hume, of
Lissamore Castle, Co. Antrim, niece to the Right Hon.
the Earl of Macartney, by whom he had eight children
— Macartney Hume, Alicia, Letitia, Rodolphus Bryce,
Adeline Harriet Cecilia, Richard, Margai'et Arammta,
Aldred, Catherine. She died in the Citadel of Plymouth,
Feb. 5, 1840, and he married thirdly, March 12, 1849,
Cordelia Anne Yonge, daughter of tne Rev. D. Yonge,
niece of Lieut.-Gen. Lord Seaton, G.C.B., who survived
him. He died Aug. 2, 1863, and was buried in the
churchyard at Westboume.^®

The account of his mother, with observations on the
neighbourhood of Oldfield Lawn, commences in the
middle of the 18th Century : —

^^ In a letter from Mr. Shean to Col. Oldfield, dated Lumlej, Feb. 6, 1832, we
have an account of the prevalence at Westboume of the influenza. The writer
says : — ** Notwithstanding the severities of your winter, you are better off than
you would now be at the Lawn, as influenza prevails here to an alarming extent ;
there is scarcely a house without some sick, mine has been like an hospital for
some weeks. It has been fatal to persons of advanced age. We have had an
unusually mild winter, not twelve hours frost together, and to this unseasonable
weather I conclude we may attribute so much sic^ess. What a pitiable state we
shall be in if the cholera should make its appearance here ; but its progress at
present seems more in a northern direction. It has reached Edinburgh.*'

> He was made a Knight of the Hoyal Hanoverian Guelphic Order, Jan., 1836,
and was also appointed Aide-de-Camp to the Queen. His later commissions bear
date — Major-General, 20 June, 1854 ; Lieut. -General, May 20, 1859.

^0 Several Sussex families have notably supplied officers to the British army, but
few more than that of Oldfield. During seven generations it has thus upheld the
honour of our country, through a long Une of soldiers, and Major-Gen. Richard
Oldfield has at the preaent time all his sons in the anny.

MEMOIRS OF MRS. OLDFIELU. 93

"1&«, Oldfiold was horn nt OosTKirt, ou Jan. 96, 1756. Her maiden
name was Hamniond, her father being Lieut. Hammond, E.N.," who
had married Hiss Barefoote. The issue of tlie marriage was a eou
(William) aud a daughter (Elizabeth). He went to tea hut little after
hia marriage, and waa occasionaUy pi-ofesstonally cnnployed at Wey-
mouth and Southampton. After his death, at the latter place, liis
widow and her two children returned to Gosport, where, aud at
Titchfield, they had an agreeable circle of friends."

A hiatus here ensues, and the nan-etive then proceeds
a» follows : —

" My motlier was tall, her figure good, her manner graceful, aud nhe
waa hy no means deficient in personal beauty. She received a good
education, excelled in all deseriptiima of needlework, and wrote a
btjautifol Italian hand. Wlien about eighteen she suffered much from
the small-pox, the marks of which were never eradicated. Soon after
the removal of Mrs. Hammond and her mother to Portsmouth an
attachment commenced between tho tatter and Mr. Oldfield, nt that
time a Lieutenant of Marines, and recently returned from America.
Mr. Oldfield's introduction to Miss Hanmiond was from her cousin,
Mr. Sliort, his intimate friend and brother otfieer. Mr. Short and his
cousin were constant correspondents whilst the latter was in America,
and through tins correaiwndence Mr. Oldfield and Miss Hammond were
known to each other before they met."

"Mr. Oldfield and Ids brother had purchased a cottaee on Norman
Common, near Emsworth, but situated in the parish of Westboume, in
Sussex. Tho Common has been enclosed with the other part of the
property, and the whole (with the reendence since erected) is now known
as Uldfield Lawn."

It 18 pleasantly situated, with its environment of oaks,
on tho confines of the county, and well suited for retire-
ment.

"The marriage took place Nov. 14, 1784, in the Parish Cliurcli of
Westbourne. Miss Stocker was a bridesmaid, and, as the story goes,
the parson was with difficulty persuaded shi
My mother went t« church for the first time

n Qe had two sisters. One married Major Short, of the Marineti, who wae at
the buttle vt llanker's HUl. and ditd shortly uftcrwardu &om the tflects o( fati^e
and primtioD suCc-ivd during the campaiKn. He U'ft a eon. who becoiac a.
Ueatcnant in the ]tIiuinM, nnd woe in H.SJ.'s Laiiret in a trtincudout hurricane
In thn W«<t Indies, and hutnUu n poBtbiunous Kin, Cstitain Short, of theMomce,
who served with distinction in Eg^jit mid America. The other nittcr married Dr.
Stocker, of Htchfield, Hants, and had two sons, liichard and Chsrleti, and s
dftoght^v, Elizabeth. RiL'hard entered the medical profession, and Charles was
UUm in 1795, when t'irst Ucutenaut of the Sans Partil, mider Lord Hugh
^jniour. " Elizabeth died at an advanced age and unmarried ; she waf the friend
■on uoupatdim of the subject of this memoir. Klio wan much loved and esteemed
Yff on extensive drclc of friends snd acquaiutanee for her good humour and other
exoelli'nt mmlitiex : although always mi^tring from ill-health, her spirit! never
Bagged. She was the chronicle of the family tor all it« connections and tmditiona."

94 MEMOIBS OF MRS. OLDFIELD.

I likewise went there the first Sunday after my marriage in 1822, and
my son Anthony did the same in 1838. Shortly after the honeymoon,
which was passed at the cottage, Mr. Oldfield was sent on the recruiting
service to Birmingham, and subsequently to Manchester. On his
return from this duty he was ordered to the West Indies. His brother
Thomas went for him, and he shortly after retired from the service.

"The issue of the marriage of Mr. Oldfield with Miss Hammond
was a son, bom at Portsmouth, on the 29th of May, 1789.

" In 1790 Mrs. Hammond was seized with an attack of paralysis, and
although she lived for some twelve years afterwards she never recovered
the use of the left side, in other respects her health was excellent.
Her intellects were perfect. She daily read the Psalms and Lessons ;
enjoyed society ; liked a rubber of whist or pool of quadrille, both of
which eumes she played well. Her cards were arranged in a small
rack. Her memory seldom failed her, and she perfectly imderstood
the rules of the game. She had a sweet voice, and would occasionally
sing to please a friend. She rose about 8, had prayers in her room,
was dressed with g^eat care, her head powdered, a high cap, with lace
ruffles ; generally a silk gown. She was brought into the dining-room
about 9 to breakfast, read imtil noon, conversed cheerfully with her
family and friends until 2, when she dined ; generally took a nap after
dinner, drank tea at 6, played a game of cards, had a basin of gruel
at 9, when she retired to her room, and after prayers went to bed."

" In the month of April, 1793, my mother had the trial of losing my
father. He got wet and sat in his wet clothes awaiting the coming
home of my mother, who was dining at her brother's. The next day
he went to church in damp boots, and caught a violent cold, which
carried him off in a few days. His constitution had never recovered
the effects of his American campais^, especially the privations he
suffered during the siege of CSianestown in South Uarolina. In
America, as a Laght Infantry Officer, he was constantly employed on
out-post duties. His person was well known to the Americans, who
were constantly on the look-out for him; but never succeeded in taking
him. He was also on the staff in North America. On moving up
with the army to form the siege of Charlestown, he met his brother
Thomas, after an absence of several years ; they were together for some
time on the march before they discovered their mutual relationship.
The brothers also subsequently met in a singular manner. Thomas
was in a transport which was lost. He was picked up and carried on
board a ship in which my father was embarked, and both were then
cast away together.

" Another great loss which my mother sustained was that of Major
Thomas Oldfield," her bi*other-in-law, just mentioned, from whom both

" His career was very eventful. At Bunker's Hill, 17th June, 1775, he was
twice wounded — by a spent ball, which struck him in the breast, and by a musket
ball, which passed through his wrist. He was also taken prisoner with Lord
Comwallis, at the capitulation of York Town. He was thrice shipwrecked, and
on one occasion, when he preserved his life by swimming, he was the only person
saved from the wreck. In July, 1797, he was engl^?ed m two bombejrdments of
Cadiz, and was slightly wounded. He was at Tenenffe when Nelson lost an arm,
and at the Battle of the Nile, on board the Theseus, Nelson's fla^-ship. In »

MEMOIHH OF MItS. OLDFIELU. 95

fi and myself always recedved the graatest possible kindness and atten-
tion. W'ft fall at the memorable defence of St. Jean D'Act?, when
Na]ioleon received his first repulse, was conuuunicated to my mother by
Mr. Spencer Sinitli, our Minister at Constantinople, in a Iciiid and
coouderate letter. He fell gloriously in the euemy's treuches, leading
B sortie. He was buried by the Freuch with militarii' lionount, at the
foot of Mount Canuel, 'carrying with him to the grave,' to use tlie
words of the French official account of tlie siege, ' the respect and
esteem of the French Amiy.' A monument to htm remains at Acre in
die Druse's Chapel.""

Mr«. Oldfiold had the gi-atification of receiving kind
and friendly letter.s beariiiff tei^timiiny to the merits of
her brothcr-iu-law, and offering services to lier sou from
several of his old friends and companions. Aintmg these
wo meet with the names of some of the most illustrious
men of the day.

"Tlie Earl of St, Vincent, I/ird Nelson, and Sir Sydney Smith,"
says General Oldfield, " offered to provide for me in the Navy, Earl
Spencer, at tliat time Fu'st Loi-d of the Treasurj-, piTiffei-ed a com-
mission in the Marines, when I should be of the pruper age. The
Marquis of Comwnllis, at tlmt time Master- General of the Ordnance,

Smmii^ed my name aniou^ the list of candidates for tike Royal Military'
cttdemy at Woolwii^h, and, in writing to my mother, expressed hia
sincere regret that Major t.lldtield should now have lost that lil'e whieli
had so often been haxarded in tlie sei'vice of his countrj-."

Of his career after cutering the army the writer says
little in these MS., hut reverts to recollections of liis hoy-
hood, as spent in Sussex.

"Wlien I first remember this part of the country, neither Bere
Forest, Emaworth Common, or Nonnan Common, in Westbourae, were
enclosed. Between Einsworth and Havaiit tliere was only one small
cottage. At Hermitage a few houses. On Nonuan Common were
several saw-pits, and it was a place for cricketins. bull -batting, and
other country sports. About the cottage on it, a Lttle of the ground
was enclosed for grnxing, and there was a good deal of copse full of

private letter, gpealdiig n( that great action, he sayx i-^" It van by no meauR so
KTcro ua the affair al Tiineriffe, or the sectind night a! tlu^ bombardineul ot
Cadiz." After the Thritnt bad repaired damagoB, «he called to join Sir Sjfdney
Hmith, off Oic coast of Syria.

" rt is thuH Ittflcribcd :— " Id Memory of Major Oldfield, ot lUe Britiiih Marinra,
who fell In leading a Mrtio from thu mirriiKiu, when bcniegud bj Napoleon
BonaiMTte and the French -^rmr, 7 April. I'W." Tlio atone, which had been
disturbed by Arnbii in i^areh o( treararo. man rostond by the French Army ot
Orcnpation in Syria, 1801 -2. f'n.'Qch flo^n, taken at this titge ot Acre, were placed
in Wattboumc Church by General OldAeld. whon> they still remaJD. Captain
Anthony Oldfield, R.A., hii' nephew, wax nl-^ kilhil in the trtncbef before
Ifcbwtopol, Aug. 17, 1H55 (Sue ■■ S, A. C," Vol. XXU., p. 203).

96 MEMOIRS OF MRS. OLDFIELD.

game. At Prinsted there was only a farm-house and some labourers'
cottages. The Manors of Prinsted, Warblington and Stansted belonged
to Mr. Barwell, an East Indian civilian,'* who resided at Stansted in
oriental splendour; he had married Miss Coffin, a most beautiful
American ladj," sister of Sir Isaac Coffin" and General Coffin, old
friends of my father and uncle, the latter being their brother's com-
panion in the American War. When a child I remember going to
picnics at Stansted Castle (Racton Tower). This was built oy Lord
Halifax as an object from the house and as a sort of banqueting
house ; the grounds about it had been well laid out, but I can never
remember their being well kept. The whole country for a considerable
space around Stansted at one time belonged to Mr. Barwell;'^ but when
he wanted money he sold off farms and other parts of the estate, and
at his death the remainder was sold to x)ay off Uie incumbrances on the
estate, which were very many, from his having left a very numerous
family, with claims directly and indirectly on his property. The
Warblington estate sold well. The widow of Mr. Barwell married Mr.
Munday, an M.P. for Derbyshire; she became again a widow, and
again resided in the neighbourhood in an almost fairy house, made in
the woods of Emsworth Common, where several other villas have since
been built. In my mother's time it was a Common, as was Hambrook.
Immediately without the Park was built an inn to receive the horses
and servants of visitors, and near it a house by Mr. Dunn, who was a
sort of agent to Mr. Barwell. Messrs. Dimn and Butler were executors
to Mr. Barwell's will. The former acquired considerable property, but
speculated and lost his own and other people's money. Stimsted House,

^^ Recent research among Indian correspondence has thrown fresh Ught on the
career of Mr. Richard Barwell, when coadjutor to Warren Hastings, daring a
momentous crisis in the history of British India. Dr. Busteed observes, ** It was
a fortunate thing for Great Britain that her interests in India in most troublous
and critical times remained in the strong hands of Warren Hastings, and it must
not be forgotten in estimating the services of Barwell, that were it not for the
steady support of this colleague Hastings would have been deprived of all power,
and early m the struggle must have succumbed to the rash and inen)erienced
majority." Two of Barwell's chief opponents were Mr. Francis and General
Clavering ; to Mr. Frauds, who hated hmi, he is said to have lost £20,000 at whist,
and with General Clavering, in 1775, he fought a duel with pistols, in which neither
were injured. In 1780 he returned to England, taking back with him one of the
largest fortunes ever made up to that time by any Englishman in India — currently
reported to have been a million pounds — and, like other so-called ** Nabobs,"
became noted for Ids lordly and reckless extravagance.

" His former marriage in India is mentioned in the Oentleman*8 Magcuine, 1777 :
** Richd. Barwell, Esa., first in Counsel at Bengal, to Miss Sanderson of the same
place." She died in November, 1778.

^ Mr. Gretton describes Sir Isaac Cofifin as '' a rollicking naval officer," and as
an instance of his practical jokes, states that having persuaded his father-in-law
to give a ball, he then " sent the folk home with one horse of their own, the other
owned by their neighbour ; at the first turn for their different roads, of course the
horses tried to go different ways." This the coachmen coidd not understand, and
several of them came to grief. " Years after," he continues, ** I stumbled upon
hun in a boarding house at Cheltenham ; he was then very unpleasant, surly and
snappish, like an old Newfoimdland dog " {Memory* s Harkhack, p. 17).

^7 His acqmsitions also at Bosham and Bersted are described in " S. A. C," Vol.
VIII., p. 197, and Vol. XXV., p. 116.

MEMOIHS OF MK8. OLDFIKLD.

purchaBedby Mr. Barwell for £102,500 of the executors of the Earl of
Halifax, was considerably enlarged by Mm." At his death it was sold
to Lewis Way,'" who was first a barrister* and afterwards a clergr-
man," a mau of good family but, ttn enthuaiaat, and subsequeatlr
deranged. Aldsworth House waa built as an appendage to Stansted.
It was fitted by Mr. Way as a college" for the education of migsionariee
for the Louversion of the Jews. The Rev, Mr, Jacob, afterwards
Principal of the College at Fredericton, New Brunswick, was its head.
One of the students was the celebrated Joseph Wolff," afterwards so
well known from liis journey to Bokhara in search of the murdered
British officers, Stoddart and Connolly, Aldsworth House had one
very handsome room ; but the other apartments were indifferent. It
was taken down when Mr. Dixon purchased the Stansted proper^,
and the materials used to add to Aldsworth Cottage fitted as a residence
for tho Rev. Mr. Pannell, brother-in-law to Mr. Dison. It had been
built by Mr. Barwell for one uf his friends, who had, it is believed, a
gratuitous occupation. At her decense it wan let. At this time the
mill at Lumley" had fallen into the hands of Mr, Tollervey, who hod

>* In ITSG he remodelled StansU-d Houm at very great expense. Removing ttm
whig*, he had it cawd with white bricks and finixhed with loftj portiooes facing
«Dtit and veet, each condntuig of nxtecu DoTic Bud Ionic columiu. The architects
wvre lioaoni and Jame« Wjatt. It took Qve yean for compledon. Itlr. Barwell
had ono of the moat aupcrb services of diver in the county, and, becoming a
pnlTon of the arts, boiigbt choice examples, of Chijp, Teniers, Bir Joshmi Reynotda
and other matiteni. He became JI.P. for Wiuchcl!«a in 1790, Some of his Indian
proclivities, which arc well known, appear to have culminated in England. Theae
ai8Bipat«d hla enormous wealth, and at hia dentb in 1805 Stansted was stripped
of its art tmuures, and the estate vag sold in London.

■■ Tlie sum then paid for it was £173,000, the park consisting of ] ,000 acres and
the farms extending to 3,000 acres.

*■ It ia fltated by Mr, Longcroft, of tbi< very eccentric person, that bo was said
to have become posseiised of a very large fortune through an act of kindness to a
stranger. Mr. Way was studying for the bar in Graj'e Inn, and coming homo
late one i-tormy night, he stumbled In the dark over tbe body of a man at the foot
of Mb cliambn sUdrs. He found the man iniitaiHiblc, and be carried bint up to bis
room, chafed his hands, and gave him some warm tea, after which the sli«ngcr
rccoTcrvd. He asked the name of the person who bad taken eompas;<ion upon
him. noted it carefully down, and djiug shortly after, bcqueutcd bis fortune to
Mr. Way in return for bis kindness,

" Mr. Way took Holy Orders in 1816, became greatly interested in tbe Society
fat the Conversion of the Jews, and in 1817 journey ed with other Qlergjtaen ia
8t. Petersburg to try to influence the Emperor in their behalf : but history ia
sUcnt as to the result of tbe deputation.

" The site of this college was on the left ride of tbe road to Aldsworth from
Wentboume, near Aldsworth Pond. Various curious stones are ertant relating to
the Jews wbo lived there, one of which is tbat when converted they were required
by Mr. Way to shave their beards. These were laid bj in a closet, and subse-
quently some bricklayers, being in want of hair, come upon them bj accident and
tumrd them U> account In tbe composition nf o wall. In which thej still remain.

" Of Dr, Wolff, one of the moHt remarkable men of his time, it was said infor
aiia that be vciy nirely changed his shirt, and that he proposed to ereiy lody
whom he deemed eli^ble.

* Of this building and it« owner, Jtr. Longcroft gives the following account In
his admirably- written pamphlet, '" Tbe Valley of the Ems" (now out of print).
After mentioning that a channel was mode in early times, c<invejing a portion of
XXXVUI. H

98 MEMOIRS OF MBS. OLDFIELD.

made a large fortune at the Half-way Houses, Portsmouth ; he pur-
chased the property from Mr. Barwell, and expended on it larg^
sums, in a profuse and extravagant manner. The estate soon became
mortg^ed, and ultimately Admiral Hawker took it for a portion of
the money advanced, Mr. Tollervey becoming a ruined man. Below
the mill, by the road to Westboume, some cottages, called Lumley
Bow, were built by Stride, a shopkeeper at Emsworth, who coined
copper halfpence, with whidi he erected them and ruined himself."^

Enumerating his friends in the neighbourhood at that
time, General Oldfield speaks of Major-General Smith,
at Bedhampton ; Colonel Monro, at Homdean ; Captain
Howe (whose life he had saved when in America), at
Havant; the Fairhills, Murrays and Newlands, at
Chichester; and amongst the clergy, Mr. Redding, Mr.
Lyne, Mr. Thwaites, Mr. Richards and Mr. Norris,
respectively of Westboume, Compton, Marden, Farlington
ana Warbfington. With an account of the illness and
death of his mother in Nov., 1808, the MS. concludes.
In other MSS. he describes many excursions in Sussex,
which he made after settling at Oldfield Lawn.

the Ems, which separates the counties of Southampton and Sussex, to the mill
called Lumlej Mill, from the Lumlej family, lords of Westboume, he says : —
** The mill itself is a large old building with stores of great extent. In 1802 one
Edward ToUervej, then living at Westboume and canying on a large business as
a merchant, bought this mill, with surrounding lands. He added stores and
piggeries, and not content with the profit obtained upon his flour, he built bake-
houses and tried to monopolise the profit of the baker on the bread and biscuit
then largely in demand at Portsmouth during the war. He lived at a great rate,
but in 1808 he was compelled to encumber the property, his trade became
imremunerative, and ultimately he fell into great dis^ss. Edward Tollervey
vanished from the neighbourhood, and in a short time was well-nigh forgotten.
But many years after this, on a cold November day, a gentleman was walking in
Fleet Sti^eet, and was asked for charity by the sweeper of the crossing ; he gave
him a trifle, and as the man looked up, the gentleman recognised in the wretched
beggar the once prosperous merchant, Edward Tollervey. He pitied his misfor-
tune, a^ed what he could do for him, and promised to assist him. The only
request was a broom and a barrow, if possible, both of which were supplied. He
died soon after. His mill and lands are now the property of Mr. James Terry,
who occupies the whole."

* stride, who was a grocer, also built the house at Hermitage, Sussex, which I
now occupy. Three of these halfpence, or rather tokens of different types, are
in my possession, dated 1793-5. 1. Obv, A man-of-war in full sail, above
"Emsworth." 2. Obv. The head of Lord Howe, with a pigtail, above ** Lord
Howe and the Glorious flrst of June." 3. Obv. Similar head, without pigtail,
above, the same legend. All have on the Rev., a figure of Britannia resting on an
anchor, with her hand upon a globe, on the back of a crowned lion. Round the
edge the words '' Payable at the Warehouse of John Stride, Emsworth."

By MABERLY PHILLIPS,

[KMrCASTl.B-D)t-TTNE) .

PEDIOEEE AND OENE.iLOGIC.'U, MEMORANDA

IEEUTING TO THE FAMILY OF PELLATT,
BTEYNING, BIONOK, BOI.NEY, ARDINOLY, LEWES and STAPLEFIELD,
Co. SUSSEX ; BLETCmNGLy a-m. CROYIMJN, Co, SUHRET ;
As-u STAINES, Co, MIDDLESEX.

1 Part I.

I The volumes of the "Sussex Archaeological Collections"

I have from time to time contained valuable histories of

c<junty faiiiilios ; I venture to hope that the annals of the

Pellatt family here presented may not be uninteresting

to the Members of the Society. Though never achieving

I any veiy great distinction, tlie Pellatts steadily played
their pai-t in the history of the county, and have been
landownei-s in Sussex, alniost without intermission, pro-
bably from 1296 — certainly from 1503 — to the present
time, and have an honourable record.

Their pedigi'ee and some notices of the family will be
I fomnl in tlie county histories ; but I now present earlier
I and fuller particulars of the various members, together
I with abstracts of, and extracts from numerous wills,
some of them in tlieniselvcs most quaint and interesting.^
The earliest direct mention of the Pellatts is met with
L at Steyning, where they appear to have been a large and
I impoi-tant family for some centuries. I-Vom Ste}-ning
I they branch off to different parts of Sussex and Smrey,

100 PEDIGREE AND GENEALOGICAL MEMORANDA

the main line, which is clearly traceable to the present
day, still being landowners in the former coimty.

The name in the course of time has been variously
spelt; Pelet, Pellett, and Pellatt being the most general ;
but in early times, when orthography was but little
studied, the same document exhibits the name written
in several ways.

The derivation of Pellatt is somewhat involved. In
the ^ ^ Patronymica Brittanica" we have the following:
— '^ Pellett, said to be a corruption of the baptismal
name of Hippolyte. The family of this name are of
long standing in Sussex, occurring in the neighbourhood
of Steyning in the 13th century."

The late Mr. W. D. Cooper, F.S.A., considered the
name to be of Saxon origin, and as it is not mentioned
in Domesday Book it is probable the family was settled
in Sussex prior to the Conquest. In a list given by Mr.
Cooper, in the paper referred to in the subjoined note
of names, considered to be Saxon, not only will Pellatt
be foimd, but it also contains those of Alcock, Cooke,
Culpepper, Lewknor, Micklebome, Mill, and Payne, with
all of whom subsequent marriages with the Pellatts
occur.

The present Arms borne by the family are — Argent,
two bars sabhy on the first a bezant. Crest, a lion,
passant, argent^ guttle, sahle^ in his dexter paw an acorn,
slipped, vert, firucted or. Motto — ^'Devant si je puis."

I cannot help thinking that, instead of what is now
called a bezant, the original was a 2)ellet — a pun upon
the name.

The first notice that we have of the arms being
recorded at the Heralds' College is at the Visitation of
Sussex, in 1634.®

They were again recorded at the Visitation of 1662.

The earliest mention of the name that I have been
able to discover is in '^ Parliamentary Writs and Writs
of Military Summons" (F. Palgrave, 1827), where, in

* See his paper, ** On the Retention of British and Saxon Names in Sussex "
(" 8. A. C," Vol. Vn., p. 1-21). » See " S. A. C," Vol. XI., p. 13.

a document referring to military service at Pevensey
Caytle, in I27H, the name Phlllipus lo Pelet appeart*.

In tlie Subsidy KuII for 1296, part of which has been
]>rinted in Vol. V. of tliese papei's,* amongst tliose who
paid a tax of the eleventh of tiieir chattels at StejTiing,
in tlie Itajjc of Bramber, i« Keginald le Pelet, who paid
ii.iv^, a very nubHfantial sum compared to the rest of
the ratepayers, lit the same list William-atte-Mulle is
retmiiod an paying xvii^. The next entry in clirono-
logical order is John Pellet of London, whoBti will bears
date 1487. Although I cannot an yet attach him to the
pedigi'ee, I inst^rt the following : —

* Extract of the Will of Jobk Pelett,
(7 MeUes, p. 61.)

7 iJec, 1487,2 Hfln. VII. "I John Pelett thelder Citezin and
Skyiiiier nf Lijtidon " " to hv burj-ed in the churciyerd of 8eint
Uurgnrete jifltens of tlie Cyle of L<)ndr>ii by the crosse ther in the place
wlier the bodyes nf my Cfiytdreu ther Beetea and lyen buryed — to
parson and wardens of b^ Church "a convenient aensour of eylB or
els a eliip' of eylB of the valur of iiij"" "to Syr Thomas Aiimdell
monk (if Westfl iij yerdye and di" (dinudium — half ) " of blake nine
(? alnis) clothe for a cote for hynieelfe to pray sowle " " to the ffryreB
iiroclie'8 of London so they come to tJie Church where my body to be
Seentydnnd tliersaydirigeaformysowle" 6*/8* "tomy eonneEdmonde
Pelett XX mni*' to be payde be myn execute's at the comyn^ owt of hys
terrne of ni>jJnty8ehode " also more at their discretion if ruled by them
— obit' to lie kept nt 8' Margaret Patens for 10 years — " Itm I
bequeytli fo the ffjTRt Chyld that god shall fortune John my sonno
to have" "a standing maser' kouer)'d w' a knop of sylfl to be delyfid
to BU<-h chrhl so as god shall fortune to be after the deceese of Johan
my wyfe '' remainder to 2'" diild of said John my son — " all my
I^ndys and tenementj-s tallyd Lop done and all other my Londya at
Barce sett and lying in the poch of Ghartehin" in Kent to be sold to
jierform will. Rest to wife Johan whom with son John executors.

PruviMl at Ijimetiith (Lambeth) 25 Mai^h, I-IBS, by Johan, the relict
and exM'utrix, power being renerred to John the son and other executor.

' (teu •■ y, A. C." Vol. V,. page 124.

• Ship of filver, or inocnw boot (we " Lee'e Gloswiry of Liturgical and
KcelcKfMtlral Tcniui," pp. 15f), 3U7).

* Obllt or obit, All offl™ performed nt funfraln. wben the corpse was in the
cborcb, before it wtw buriiil ; it oftiTwardB come to be performed on tho
uuivn-foxy of Uie deoth ol a benefactor (sec "Hook'» Church Dictionary,"
p. 536).

' Matur. Tbo meditpial term for a large drinking-bowl or cup, of maple, box-
wood, or walnut -wood. umiI on fi-UFte. both ticcular and eccletiuftiral (nee " Lee's
Oloiwirr of UturginJ luid Eccli-^iiuitirul Terms." p. 310, and " Arfhteoloffia,"
Vol. L.,pp. 1-12»!.

102 ,' , fvinoBXEiii^':Qmi^^

'^-Nm-^^\^, «".. U>e Ch^h of St.
Margaret Patens, is in Rood Lane, and is weU worthy of
a visit.

Of course there was Kttle likelihood of the " Ship or
Sensonr of Silver," thus bequeathed, being in existence,
but the Vicar, the Rev. J. L. Fish, kindly showed me
two manuscript inventories of their church plate, the
first bearing date 1470, in which ^^one sensour of silver
pcell gilt" is quoted, and in the next (taken in 1511)
" two Sensours " are named, from which we may infer
that the second ^^ sensour" was that purchased with the
gift of John Pellet.^

The Vicar also informed me that the mention of the
^^ Crosse " in the churchyard is the earliest that has been
found ; subsequently it is often referred to.

It will be noticed that the testator leaves lands in
Charteham, in the neighbouring county of Kent.

Of the children named, I have at present no trace.

By the kindness of E. H. Draper, Esq., Clerk to the
Skinners' Company, I find that John Pellett's name is
on their list of Brethren and Sisters in the 22nd year
of King Henry VI. (1444). That he appears to nave
been warden from 1450 to 1454, and that the last entry
regarding him is in 1488 ; the name being variously
spelt as Pellet, Pelet, and Paylet.

The next information is of William Pellet, of Stey-
ning, who was probably bom there, 1450-60 (as we find
one of his sons died in 1507, and makes mention of a
wife).

William Pellet died at Steyning in 1503, and left a
family of five sons and three daughters, and considerable
property in Steyning, as well as lands in Nuthurst,
Horsham, Assington, Wassington, Bowngton, Grenested,
and Chiltington. We may presume that he inherited
some of it from his forefathers, and that he was probably
a descendant of Reginald-le-Pelet, who resided at Stey-
ning in 1296.

* For an interesting article upon the ancient plate of this chnrch, see the
rchnological Journal/' Vol. XLIII., p. 312.

RELATING TO THE FAMILY OP PELLAIT. 103

* Abstbact of tub Will of Willlui Pellet.
(P.C.C. 24 Bkmyr.)
" The iiij day of the moneth of May 1503" " I Wittm Pollet" "my
body to buried in the thuixihe of the holy Trinaite of Stenyng before
the awF of Bej-nt Uighell tharchangeU " to the high Altar' 5/- '" Church
of Steyuiiig "for brekyng of my grave xl' (40*/-)" "Alao I bequeth
to the AbbaBse nf Syan m&sf coufessor and couent of the same place
t"" — to the niendiug of the way " bet wen e the forge and Charleton
and Oxnnbruke and betwene the forgo and the grete BoorA lx carte-
loodH of Ktono " — to have " a m' luaasez " for which iiij" iiij" — to
variouB churcheB 3"/4'' each — to that of "ffyndon" 10/- "to Anne
Charley my god doughter vj' viij'' " " to Anne Brooke my god doughter
vj* viij'' " — to all other godsons and god daughters except Williani
Brooke G'' — "Also I bequeth to Eic my sono JEian my doughter Letice
and Margaret eflj-che of them xi" " also " during the fme of x yeres
aft' my decesue JauiCB my eon ahull have £3 — 6 — 8 yerely " " to fynd
him to ecole" "to Thomas and James my sones eflyche of them i" "
"to Anne my sflnt (servant) 2S*/4'"'— John Pnyn 20/- — Isabell
boucler 5 quarters of laalt "William Payn a quarter of wheat and a
Quarter of malt — "To Willni my soane xxx" but to pay my Eaora
£6 for certain goods "of my bought" " to John my sone xxx"" but to

Sy exCrs £ 15. If any somi or daughters die, his or their portion to be
rided among my 8on»— to William my son a salt of silver — to John
my son 4 silver sjKwns, liest to wife Jeon. — John Slitter and Williani
Goff executors, John Hider to be " of I'ouucell " with them.

Will 15 May 18 Hen. TTI. as to lands wife Johan to have them for
life if sole, provided son James have £3 — 6 — 8 for school, if she
remnrty to liave but 40/- after her death son William to have lands in
Nuthiirsf, Horshaui, Assington, WasBington, Bowngton, Grenested &
Chiltington, fourthw"" "my place in Stenyng late ffaggera" — to eon
John lands in Hampton & West Preston with house in Steyning late
Stokkors and landit in Findon — to son Richard house that heyhnan
dwellith in — to son James my copyhold lands in Nuthurst. If son
William die s,p, then his lands to son John.

Pro%-ed 23 Sept 1503 by Jolin Slutter and William Goff.

Fi-oiii this iiitcresfiDg will we find a very early con-
nection witli Charlton Com-t, where the Pellatt family
reHidod tor so many years; the "60 cart loads of .stones to
mend the way between the forge and Charlton" reminds
one of the numerons stoiios told of tho bad roads for
which SiisHox was so long notoiious.

In hi[* will the testator desires to be buried in the
church of the Holy Ti-inity at Steyning. The Pellatts
subsequently became patrons of tlic same, and it is often
referred to in the wills, &c.

• (!cc " Lev'i Glossaiy of Litnrgica] nnd Eeclesin3(i<'iif TennH," p. BI.

104 PEDIGREE AND GEKEALOGICAL MEMORANDA

There is an interesting old churchwardens' book kept
in the church chest at Steyning, and although the par-
ticulars of it have abeady been given in the "Sussex
Archaeological Collections,"^® I extract the following: —

It. of Wylem Pellett for a shoppe vi*

A.D. 1519. The accompte of Jamys Pellett & Willyam Parson, late
wardens of the ch. at Steynine, made the yere of our Lorde m.iiiii.xix
the xin day of the monme of May before the curett and the church-
wardens then beying, . . . ther remaynjrthe clerely to the sayd
churche xxvb vll & soo the sayde Jamys & Willyam to be clerely
dischargyd & acquitt.

The same day & yere come Eychard Pellett & Willyam Gardener,
lat wardens of the kyng play "... ther remaynjrthe clerely to
the sayd churche luu. vu*. niid.

A.D. 1520. The syxt dav of the monethe of FeV M.mn.xx** . . .
came Jamys Pellett & Jonn Qoff & delyvryd the money of the kyng
ale" in to the churche box xxxiieib. vid. . . .

A.D. 1521. wyllyam pellett one of the two brethren wardens.

A.D. 1545. James Pellett, church- warden.

" „ „ The saide James Pellett owyth to the church vn bushelles
of lyme, & Wyllyam Pellett the yonger owyth a carten of horsham
stone." •

1546. James Pellett & Edward Parson, wardens, . . . hathe
brothe clerely into the churche box savyd by the churche ale xxixi Vd."*

1548. Wylli" Pellett, churchwarden, with Eichard Famfold.

1550. Mem., that the same yere Thomas Pellat, the mercer, owethe
to the churche a carten of xx great free stone, & xxi bushells of lyme.

1578. Marginal entry : — In leade lent . . . lent to Eichard
Pellat one peace wayinge xxxii lbs., whereof delyvred of the said
32 lbs. to the piynces use xiiu lbs. . . .

The next person that I have to remark upon is William
Pellet, of Steyning, son of the previous William, who
only survived his father four years. His will is very
short and is in Latin. ^ ^

10 Vol. v., p. 121 ; Vol. Vni., p. 132-140.

" This "kyng-play" appears to hare belonged to the popular sports of the
time, and to have been conducted bj some leader appointed for the occasion, and
honoured for the nonce with the title of king.

" The king-ale appears to hare been brewed for the Feast of the Epiphany.
We see afterwards four torches accounted for bv the wardens of the king-ale, on
the eve of the Epiphanj, which were probably Dought for tiie due celebration of
the feast.

15 We may here trace the gradual progress of the Refonnation. The king-ale
is now termed the church-ale. In 1603 the 88th Canon enacts that ** the church-
wardens or questmen & their assistants shall suffer no plays, feasts, banquets,
suppers, church^aleSf drinkings, temporal courts or leets, fay- juries, or any other
profane usage, to be kept in die church, chapel, or church-yard,*' &c., &c.

BFXATINO TO THE FAMILY OF PELLATT. 105

* Abbtbaot of the Will of Wiu-iius Pellet db Stetotno.
(P.C.O. 25 Adeane.)
Steyning, Sep. 8, 1507.

Itm. lego Thome, Ricardo et Jacofio fratribiia meis, sexflginta lihras
in manibua QuUifor de London. . . . John Gratwyk 40/- each of
the Bonn of Williani Ooff 20''. Beeiduaiy legatee wife Eleuor. Executor
Biihard Petbone, WiUiam Goff overBeer. Proved 7 Oct. 1507, by the
proctor of Klenor the relict.

If will be Been that tlie testator leaves a special simi of
£60 (equal to £700 or £800 in tlie jji-esent day) in the
hands of Guilford, of Lonilon, to Iuh three brothers —
Thomas, Richard, and James. The mention of tliis
£60 iH the key to an intereHting incident. It should he
explained that tlie Guilford inentiijned here was man of
business to the notorious Diidley, one of the creatures
of Hcnrj' VIII., who ui liis will, winch uiav be found in
"Lettci-s and Papei-s, Forg". and Dom'., Hen. VIII.,
Vol. I., infer alia gives a list of his debts, one clause
being the following :—

The Wife of Will Pelett of Steyning in Sussex £60 that I borrowpd
nf her & her husband, but if she enjoy tlie marriage of young
Chnlloner for her doughter, then I owe her but £20.

At one time Dudley lived at Findon, not far from
Stejnung, and so tlic families may have become intimate.

The will of Dudley clearly shows tliat he an-anged
mai-riages for a settled sum.

I fancy tlic mam»fi;e witli "young Challoner" never
came off, as I cannot find any note of it in the i>edigTee
of either family.

Guilford, as ah-pady remarked, was Dudley's man of
business, and suh.sequently guardian to his son John.
William Pelett having recently died, would account for
Dudlcv stating that he owed the £60 to the "Wife of
Will iVlett."

It is not the only mamage Dudley an'anged, but it is
the only one that relates to my subject. TIic career of
tlie ill-fatod Dudley family is know^l to eveiy student of
English History, and neeu imt be pursued here.

Tliomas Pellet, another sou ot the founder of the
family, died in 1-519, at Steyning. I subjoin an abstract
of his will.

106 PEDIGREE AND GENEALOGICAL MEMORANDA

* Abstract of the Will of Thomas Fkllbtt.

(P.C.C. 5 Bodfdde.)

The yer of our Lord god mVxix the iiij*** day of the moneth of May
I Thomas Pellett of the pariah of Stenyng '* body to be buried in the
church of Stenyng w4n the North Dore " " every one of my g^-
children iiij* " * * Robert Watkyn a quarter of Barley Elizabeth Napton "
do. "Agnes Wower" do. "Margaret Bisshop" do. "prest shaUsynge for
my soule w4n the churche of Stenyng at the awter of Saint Thomas the
terme of one hole yere and he to have for his labour vj** xiii* iiij*."
Trentall of 30 masses" at burial, and as many "at moneths day** "Sir**
John Pyi)er prest maister Kichard Ffamfolde my brother Kichard
Pellet, my brother James Pellet and Thomas Nye shalbe overseers"
" every of my daiighters shal haue vnto their maria^e vj** xiij* iiij**
to be delified (delivered) into the hands of Sir John l^er Kichara
Pellet and James Pellet that is to say into the hands of Sir John
Piper XX mrcs Into the hands of Kichard Pellet xx mrcs In the
hands of James Pellet vi** xiij* iiij**" "yf it happen any of my
doiighters to dye within ape her parte to remayne to Margaret my
"Wife " " Thomas Nye shalhaue xx mi^cs delivered vnto him for John
Penfold and Eichard Penfold to eueiy of them vi** xiij' iiij*** at
eighteen, if either die before, his portion to Wife Margaret Wife
Margaret to receive debts and to deliver money to exors or "to be
expdled and putt out." " Margaret my wife shalhaue the howse that
I dwell in to hir and hir heires or assignes foreuer " " also my house
that John Mitton dwellith in terme of hir Ufe, and after the said house
to Eemayne to Kichard Pellet my brother & to his heirs and assignes
foreuer payine therfor x** to be paid to ij of my doughters when they
shalbe mariable " "Overseers shalhave viij** to make the Selinge over
the quere as farre as vij** will extende and the other xx' for their
labour." " I will that my picture and my Wifes and my childem
shalbe paynted in the bacsyde of the wall behinde the Kode"*'
"Margaret my Wife shalhaue me occupying of the personage of Steyning
that I farme the terme of iij yeres by the consent of my brother

^* Trental. A service of thirty masses for the dead, usually celebrated on as
many different days (** Hookas CJhurch Dictionaiy," p. 750).

^^ Sir. A title of honour, equivalent to the Latin " Dominus '* anciently given
to priests, who were in England commonly called '* Sir Johns.'* This tide is
foimd on certain monumental brasses and other inscriptions of an early date,
though the term Magister is also very often and more commonly applied to the
clergy in the century immediately preceding the Reformation ("Lee s Glossary of
Liturgical and Ecclesiastical Terms," p. 373).

^* Hood Screen. A screen separating the chancel from the nave, on which was
formerly the rood loft, or at least the rood.

Rood Loft. A gallery running along the top of the rood screen, which in parish
churches usually crossed the chancel arch, on which the rood {i.e., the figure of
the Saviour on the cross) was placed, and on either side the Virgin Mary and St.
John. In large cross churches the rood loft with its screen was usually of stone,
and sometimes contained a chapel and altar within it. These more substantial
rood lofts have in many cases been converted into organ lofts (" Hook's Church
Dictionary," p. 661).

Altar of the Rood. That altar which in England anciently stood westward of
the rood screen in large churches, and at which ordinarily the parish mass was
(" Lee's Glossary of Liturgical and Ecclesiastical Terms," p. 22).

RELATING TO THB FAMILY Oh' PKLLATT.

also " ffanue of Wytelinnio tonne of hir life AnS yf she fortiiue to
dye within my yorce John Penfolde to have it during the teniie of my
yeres " " Rcaidue " " to Margaret my Wife whome I make my sole
esecutrice"

Witness John Godfrey, John Brownsbery, and Thomas Nyman.

" Prohatiun" " xvij die mensis Aprihs Anno Dni Millimo quingen-
tesimo xsiij" JurameuF Mai^rete ReliI^te 1 Gie^'utricis,"

From this will it would a])i)ear timt the monastery
was dissolved, and the cliurcli jjatroiiage liad passed into
private hands, as tlio testator leaves to his wife " the
occupjTng of the pai-sonage of Steuyne that I farme."
His overseers were to spend £7 (a gof)dly sum at that
time) in repainng the " Selingo over the quire," also to
have the likeness of tlie deceased, together with that of
his wife and children, painted on " tlie baesydc of the
Rood " screen. I have failed to procm-o any account of
tliese interesting pictures ; but it is worthy of note that
the early churchwardens' account hook, wliich is still
carefully preserved, was commenced in this year (1519),
and some light may yet he thrown upon the details of
the repaii-s of the ceihng and the painting on the Rood.

1.531, The next record that I can obtain is the vnll of
Richard Pellett, yet another son of tlie founder, fi-om
whom the main line descends.

* ABantACT OF the Will of Bickasd PEixErr,
(P.C.C. Tliower, 14.)
" The xij day of October in the yne of our lords godd m'v'issj I
Eichard Pellett " " to be buried w'in the chnrthe of Stenyng nygh
beeide the brothevid nidter " high nher 6/8 chun-h works iS/i •• efly
comuno" light" 6'' "to tlie vse of the brothered Aidter a cowe" " to
Hichard and Thonms my Honnes to etiv of them xs" " " lo Joane
my doughtor xx" and xs Ewea " "to Alice Annys it Ehzubeth my
diiughlers to eSj'on of them sx mrcs when they be marj-able" eafh
to be others heirs "to William Pellett mycoainxx busshelsof ^^Tiete"
" Willm Gmnysin a quarter of Wliete " " place of Syon xx wethers "
"James Pellett my brother shalhave nil Uie hodelyscu ( hod ely stum)
whiche he now dothe occupye" for 12 years at 40/- and "half the
tything sheef of Stenyng w' naif the bame in 8he]iing strete" for 12

" lights on the Altar, lu 154T Kiiif; Edward VI. cxprcfdf ordered " that oU
deann. orcbdeacona. porrons, rican, and other cccliwiiutical penoiu. Hliall Buffer
from henceforth, no torchca nor candles, nor inmgi's of wax, to be set before any
image or picture. But only two liphtji upon the biph altar, befarc the Sacrament,
whieh, for the irfgniflention thnt Chrirt w the Tprj- true Liptit of thi- world, they
>boU suffer to reninin there Ktill " {"t^tiimitou'a Ectletdsstioj lH(lionu7," p, 491;.

108 PEDIGREE AND GENEALOGICAL MEMORANDA

years at £6 "John Hesword half a quarter of whete" "8' Will"
larke to pray for my soiQe x'" "efly one of my s&unts (servants)
shaLhaye an ewe " "to Joane my wife xl" of money and c.c.c. of
aheepe and x quarters of whete and x quarters of barley and meate
and drinke as long as she is widowe and half my howsehold stuff
except my cobbard in the plour (parlour) my silver goblett and my
siluer spones whiche Wittm my sonne shall have Item I will that
Willyam Pellett my cowsin shalhave the howse that he now dwellith
in for the space of xx yeres paying therfore efly yere xiij* iiij* "
" Wilhn my sonne shalhave the lease of my Mill the whiche is called
the Nuest Mill in Stenyng " Priest to sing for soiQ. "Robert Dunstall
X quarters of barley and xx bushells off whete every yere " for 5 years
paying "for efly quarter of Barley iij* iiij** & for eflye busshell of
Whete X** and to have xij moneths day of payment " " Willyam
Pellett my cowsin shalhave v quarters of whete efly yere " for 5 yrs
paying 6/8 a quarter when delivered 26/8 to poor at month's mynd
" Wittm my sonne shall have my ferme for the space of xiij years to
pforme my will " " Residew " " to Willyam my sonne " whom I " make
myn executour w^ Thomas Bennett and the saide Thomas Bennett to
have for his labour xl* and Richard famefold the yonger, James Pellett
and William (>ranysin ofisears of this my last will " to each of whom
13/4 "M' Moryce whom my speciall trust is in shall have a dowble
ducate to give counsell to myn executours and ofisears " "Sy' Richard
Shirle shall have xl* to be good to my Wife and to my children "
Witnesses Sy' William Larke, Richard ffamefold, James Pellett and
William Granysin. " Thys ys the Intent of my last will beside my
testament " " Joanne my Wyfe shalhave my house at churche style for
terme of her life and after her decease then I will that Wilhn my sonne
shalhave the foresaid howse w^ all my lands in Stenyng and Whap-
pingthome whiche ys called eorys lands and my bame in Sheping
strete w' the app'ten'ncs " unless he die before 22 " w*owte heirs "
when to " my sonnes whiche then shalbe alive" equally. "Richard
my sonne shalhave my howse in stenying that now Shipman dwellith
in w' all my lands in Wassington " providing 13/4 for an obbytt for
20 years. " Thomas my sonne shalhave my nowse which that Wittm
Pellett my cosyn now dwellith in and my howse which is called gyllys
w' the appurten'ncs " same provisions if he die under 22 " I wiU that
the hows that my brother Thomas willid to me, I will the saide howse
that Thomas Pellet the sonne of the foresaid Thomas my brother
shalhave v^ to h3rm & to his heirs for ever so that Marg^et Pellett the
widowe of the foresaid Thomas my brother do paye and discharge me
and myn executours of the money whiche I shold pay for the foresaid
howse."

"Probatum" "Apnd. Lamehith x"^ die mensis Maij Anno Dni
mitto quingentesimo xxxij^ iuramento executoris.

The tenor of this will indicates that the family were
still members of the Church of Rome.

The mill which is "the nuest mill " in Steyninff would
be interesting to trace.

ebuj^tino to the family of pellatt.

109

The testator frequently names "my cosen William
Pollett," whom I liave failed to identity; but we must
bear in mind that " cousiji " at this date meant any
relation not a brother or sinter."

In l5oo we find a record of the death of Janiew,
probably the last surviving son of the original William.

* Adstbact of the Will of James Pellet.
(ChicheBter, Vol. VIII., fo. 212^)

24 May 1555, James Pellet of Stenynge "to ho buried in the pariHh
Chutthe of Stenynge in the North lie " "Motlier Church of Chiiieeter
4''." — to the poor at my bimal 6'J%'' — "James Broke my godson
£6 — 13 — 1"" to Elizabeth Broke £6—13 — 1 at marriage or 21— to
James Broke " fetherbodd " 2 quarters of barley &e. at feast of the
Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary next ensuing after my decease
—to Richard Qater, Alite Q, Judith G & Eliiabetli G one quarter of
barley each at feast of P.B.V.M. to Elizabeth Ooffe my servant 4
bushels of barley — to James Broke aforesaid "my house and garden
late Iiiders w*" Thomaa Osebo'ue now dwellith in and iij acres and a
roodde of Arrable lande in Steanynge fildf to haue them to him and
to hie heires for eS eare that I will that Johane my doughter shall
have thoccuiungo and pfj-tts (profits) " " vntyll he come to thage of
xviij yeres" "Xll the Residewo" "to Thomas Gater and my doughter
Joh'n his wife" whom eior & exix : Overseers " Will'm Pellet my
cosyn John Gratwj-ke of Cowefolde and Thomas Goffe of Stenynge" to
S' W" P " for his Diligence my sylfl salle w" the cover peell gilt " to
J G 4 T G. 6/8 each.

WilncBSBs 8' Robte Hedde Curat of Steyning, Harbarde Herde,
Thomas Pellet, John Thorpe.

Proved in Chichester Cathedral 29 Dec, 1556

Apparently he left no sohh, as his property went to
his daugliter, " Jolian the wife of Thomas Grater."

that of William Pellet, of Cliarlton,

The next will i
made ill 1558: —

* Abstiuct of tite Will of Wlllyam Pellet op CnAttLETOM.
(P.C.C. 46 Noodes.)

" The two and Twentye daye of Auguato " l.i58 " I WiUyara Pellet
of Charleton in the parryshe of Steninge " "Tobe buryed in my
parryshe Churche of Stenynge by my ffather Graundffather and other
my elders or ella for as muchs as I am Patron of the Churche I woulde
be buryed in the Chauncell" "I make my eldyste sonnn Rychard
Pellet my whole and sole executor" "To my sonne John Pellet" £40
at 21 and " my Tenue of yeres of & in the paraonadge of Stenynge
w" the portonit of wappingethoruc, wi<'ka, bcdinge and porteslnyae
Thorvnto belonginge" at 21 "and iu the moane space ray a

110 PEDIGREE AND GENEALOGICAL MEMORANDA

Bjchard Hellet shall have '' the parsonage '' and my brother Thomas
PeUet" shall have the portions paying "yerelye imto Eychard my
Sonne " 20"/- and if brother Thomas die before John is 21 then son
Bichard shall have the portions during son John's minoriiy & if John
die before 21 then brother Thomas shall have them for life and after-
wards son Bichard

Daur "Margarett Pellet" £46— la— 4— Daur Agnes £46—13—4—
Daur "Catheryne" £46—13 4 D aur "Marye" £46—13—4 Daur
Elizabeth £46—13 — 4-:-Daur Anne— £46— 13 — 4 and if any one die
before marriage or 24, the portion of every one so dying to son
Bichard. ** To Jane my Daughter " £30 (£10 at Purification of our
Ladhre 1560 & £10 each 2 subsequent years at same festival) ^'yf my
wyffe be now w* childe I gyve to that same my childe " £20 at 21,
remainder to son Bichard *' to my systers Daughter Alyce Lambold "
4 marcs '^ Besydewe " to son & executor Bychard Pellet " I make my
cos3m John Gratwyck of Cowfoulde, Bichard Pellet, Thom^ Pellet my
Brethren my Overseers." Witnesses " Stephen Qrene Gierke Vicar of
8ten3mge, Bichard Cocke of Stenyng Will*m Hodes, Alyce Lamebold
and other more. Per me Stephanum Grene."

"Probatum" "decimo quinto die mensis Septembris Anno Dili
Millesimo quingen"^ quinquage™^ octauo Juramento Bichi Pellet
executoris."

The testator names "my Cosyn John Gratwyck of
Cowfoulde." It will be noted that he is also named in
the will of James Pellatt of Steyning (1555), and in the
will of William Pellatt of Steyning (1507). The very
interesting extracts from the old accoimts of the church-
wardens of Cowfold (1460 to 1485), given in "S.A.C.,"
Vol. II., p. 316, show that the family of Gratwick held
a jprominent position in Cowfold, and that the farm
" (xratwick " remains in the parish to the present day.

The request "to be buried by my father, grandfather
& other my elders," it may be observed, confirms the
previous wuls.

From Add. MS. 5685, Brit. Mus., fol. 42, we gather
that this William Pellet purchased from the Crown (about
13 May, 1557), the Manor of Charlton, together with the
Vicarage of Steyning, for £1,219. 4s., the same being
confirmed by liis will. He appears to have been M.P.
for Steyning in 1555.

" Cartwright," Vol. II., part ii., p. 159, smts:— ^^The
Abbess and Convent of Sion in 30*^ of Bienry VIII.
granted William Pellat a lease of these premises (except as
to the advowson) for ninety-nine years at an annual rent

RELATING TO THE FAMILY OF PELLATT.

Ill

of £34. 58. 8d. Three years afterwardt<, on tlio dissolu-
tion of the greater iiionayteiieH, this manor and demesne
were valued at £46. 6s. 2d. per annum and .sold to
William Pellat, the lessee, at tweuty-six years' pui'chase,
to wliich one year's purchase of tlie Vicarage, £1.0, was
added. In 15.57, William Pellat devised liis property to
Tliomas Pellat, by wliom it was .sold to Dorotliy LowKnor
of Kingston Bowsoy, by wliose sons, Edward and Tliomas,
it was alienated to Sir Thomas Shirley of Wiston." The
Thomas Pellatt here mentioned was most jH-olmbly his
brother Thomas, of Petworth, who, by the proWsions of
the will, was left in some position of authority."

In 1.506, Richard Pellatt (brother of William of
Charlton) died at Offam, in South Stoke.

• AbsTKACT of the WlU, OF KlCHABD PeLLETT,

(Oliicheater, Vol. X., fo. 334^)
"In the yeare" " 1.566" "The ixiiij"' daye of March I Riuhard
PeUett of Offh-m in the pyshe of Soutlistote " " tobe buried w'hin the
pyehe Church of Southstoke" "hygh church of Chichester i}'" "to
the luaiutayninjf of the Chunh of Southstoke xx* " " reloj-fe of the
poore wbor most nede is x'" " eBy on of my godchildren sij° a peece"
"to Bobi^i't Pellet my Bonne xs" To my eonne Tbo PeUet thelder
xxv" Tu my sonne RiLhard Pellet xxv" to bo paid to eBye on of
them w'hin three yeers next after my decease at three equal payments "
"to my Sonne Edward Pellet xx"" "at thage of xsij* yeers, Tho
Pellet the yonger my sonne twenty poundts Item to my sonne Xpofw
Pellet x" to my aonno John Pellet xx"" at " their full ages of xxj"
veers Item to my DaughFs Jane Pellet Marye PeUet and Elizabeth
Pellet to ofiye on of tliem x" " at 21 or marriage. If any of the sons
die his or their portion among Hurviving sona and sanie with daughters,
if all daughters die then to surviving children. If wife reniany before
son John P is 21 "then I will that my brother Tho Pellet sIioU have
the custody of my said son John PeUet and also the portion" "to
Xpofer my sonne my joj'ned bedsted that standeth in my beil chamber
ou the seller and the settle there tlie table in tho Hnule w"" the frame
that he standeth ujion anil also the settle in the Haule that they may
remniuo as standers of the House to his vse and to be delyfied to him
Austen iij" vi' viij'' " within 2
e shall have thoooupaton of my
B she Lyuet sole and vnmarried and afier-
s as ar yet to come in the same yf she

after t _
years of my decease "Agnes
feanue in Olfli*in so long as
wardea also duringe such yet

" "8.A.C.," Vol.XXV.,p.l. W.D.Coo
Parhain, aajB : — " One acre aiid a half of Ian
iiiAmt<3i(uice of a lamp before the high altar ii
in the tenure of the rwtor. nnii was grauti-d o
of SloTnlag, gentlenutu."

ler. F.S.A.. V.A., in an account of
1 iu the parish was (rtrcn for the
the church. This land had bceu
1 July. 1557, to WilUHm I'cllnn.

112 PEDIGREE AND GENEALOGICAL MEMORANDA

can obtaine a Lycenc for that purpose of my lord Lumlye" but if she
can not then farm " to my next heyre according to the purport " "of
my lease" wife Agnes residuary legatee and executrix Oyerseers
" my Coson Bychard Pellet of Steninge my brother Tho Pellet my
neyghbours Wittm Stay her & Tho Sowton" to each of whom 13"/4*.
Wife to give bonds to overseers before taking executorship for the due
performance of will. Witnesses Henry GFrey mynisP of Southstoke
Wittm StakyeTy Tho Sowton Willm Peter and John Vmfrey with other."
Proved in Chichester Cathedral 6 Dec 1567.

The will which follows I take to be that of his widow
Agnes : —

♦ Abstract of the Will of Amnrs Psllat.

(Chichester, Vol. XH., fo. 107.)

8 June 1579 ** I Annys Pellat of Steyninge in the Countey of Sussex
wydowe" **to be buryed in the Churchyarde" "highe churche of
Chichester iiij** " " reparacons of my paryshe Churche of Steyninge
iij* iiij** " poor of S !()•/- " vnto Edwarde Pellett my sonne and to his
heyres for ever all that my parcell of lands lienge in Steyninge w^ I
late boughte of John Smyth of Peperscome nowe in the teno' &
occupacon of the sayde Edwarde" "vnto Annys Pellett my sonne
Edwards daughter one fine sheete of lokaram the w^ hath a blake
seame in the mydeste " canvas table cloth, brass '*posnatt " ^'a payer
of silver eyes and a siliuer pine " *' vnto Jone Baker my daughters
daughter one lytell cofer a payer of canvas sheets" &c. at marriage
" or at aney tyme before " as overseers determine, more unto "Edward
my sonne one longe cheste one great chayer the bench in the hale "
&c & 20/- to William Hillman 10/- "vnto Boberte Pellett my sonne
one CO we of the couller red gored or ells xxx*" "one great cawdron of
brasse" "table clothe of locaram" bedstead &c. &c. bed & bedstead in
custody " of James Smythe my sone in la we " Besiduary legatee &
executor " John Pellett my sonne " Overseers Thomas Penfoiude and
Thos Belsone.

Witnesses W" Hillman, John Byshoppe Thos Penfolde & Thomas
Belsone

Proved 4 July 1579 by the Executor.

The^will of Christopher, son of Richard and Agnes,
comes next.

♦ EXTEACT OF THE WiLL OF XPOFEB PeLLETT.

(Vol. Xn., fo. 194^)

13 Dec. 1580 "Xpofer Pellett of the boroughe of Arrundell" to
be buried in churchyard — ^high Church of Chichester 2* — " to my
brother Roberte Pellett of Petwo'th one quarter of wheate and one
quarter of barley. Item I geue to my brother Edwarde Austen of
Lewys haulf a quarter of Tmeate and half a quarter of barley " —
cosen Baman — ^to Betes of warehouse 12* — Siyants widowe xij* — ^to
"Carter of Offam " xij* Bowse of Bam 7* — ^Alice James 4 bushels of
barley — ^Alice West ditto — ^Androwe Weste do— Henrie SmiA do—

FEBLHSEX.

ent]

ofSte

n and si-pjohan. Named in husband's will.

leir books,
ch 25th, i
er Resten

t. 23rd, .

Executrix with son John.

the way ^amed in father's
Joint exoi. with

Edmond. Left xx marks in will
of father«JEhen he cometh out of

KFJ-ATINIJ TO THE FAMILY OF PELLATT.

113

Besiduary legatee and executrix Agnes Pellat " my wief " — W™ Peter
Ailitm Shepardo ovei'seers. Witnesses Jolin Page, Eob' Henj"nge,
Juhn Moki>.

l*roved IB Fell 1580 by William Peter proctor of Agnes Pellat the
eseimtris.

Thin is the earliest note that we have of the family
being at Arundel ; afterwards the name often occurs
tlieix".

Richard, anotlier sun of Kicliard and Agnes, is next
in order.

* AnSTHACT OP TUE WiLL OF ElOHAUD PeLLAT, OF NoRTH STOKE.

(Chichester, Vol. XIV., fo. HI.)
Richard Pellat of North Stoke — tobe buried in churchyard — flll
goods &c "to my two children William Pellet and Thomas Pellet
whom I make my Executors " I owe John Wulvin the yoager and
Juane Wulvin his sister their legacies whicJi is £22^fr — i, I owe
Hichard Wulviiie port of his legacies which is £7 — Dorothy Soott wid
£5 — John Bui'knian ft ({uorters of barlej- — John Pellet 8 quarters of
barley &c — Overseen? " my unkle ITiomas Pellet and Thomas Har-
warde " Witnesges Thomas Iloare, Kobert Searle, John Pellett, John
Harwarde, leacke Banyster, Thomas Hnrwarde. Proved 7 March by
Thomas Pellet Suiwrvisor during the minority of William Pellet &
Thomas Pellet

(No year, but evidently from next wills ISSJ,)

In 1604 we find the will of Tliomas Pellett, of Pet-
worth, younger britthcr of William of Charlton, and
Richard of Otlani. He leaves his "cosin" (evidently
ncjjhew), Thomas Pellett of Bignor, residuary legatee
and exor.

• Abstract of the Wux op Thomas Pellett, of Pettwobth,
(Chichester, Vol. XV., fo. 233,)

•2i Dec. 1604 Thomas Pellett of Pettworth gent— " to my sister
Edmunda ix* and xx' a yeere duringe her life' "to Eobert Pellett
of Petworth £10" "to Richard Pellet his sonne £10" "to every of
Robert Pellets daughters xx" a peece" "to Thomas Pellet my kinsman
the Sonne of Bichard Pellet late of North Sloke deceased a fether bed
with A fether boulstor W" my cossin Heath of Petworth late had " also
" another fether beil w* my cossin Belchamber hath " poor of Petworth
20/- and of Steyning 20/ — to John Barnard my godson the household
stuff I have ut his fathers " Ui John Pellet my brother Richards sonne
£3" and forgive him his debts "to his daughter my goddaughter
20/- " my CoBsin Thomas Pellett of Bignor shall have the Tse of Thomas
Pelletts stocku my C-ossino RicUsrd I'flletts sonne late of North Stoke
deceased which is Ix" with hie father guifte and that that befell him
by his brothers death vntill he come to age according to hia fathers
will" "to Thomas Pellett my cossin Richards sonne late of Stoke"

114 PEDIGREE AND GENEALOGICAL MEMORANDA

2 pair of sheets, coverlet at William Forders and a blanket, to John
Barnard's wife 10/. — ^to " Henry Smithes wife my daughters in la we
x' a peece" — "to Richard Pellett Bobert Pelletts sonne the lowest
ffetherbed I lye one and the worst boidster " " to Barbery Clymsfolde
of Arundell m (?my) daughter in la we xx' " "to my Oossin Robert
Pelletts wife of Pettworth for her paynes v" "

" M' Doctor Boimde of Pettworm overseer " Residuary legatee and
executor "my cossin Thomas Pellett of Big^or" Witnesses Robt
Wittm. Wittm Waters. Proved by Thomas Pellett 11 Sep 1605.

From ^^ State Papers," Forgn. and Dom., 1581-1590,
we get the following : —

1583. Dec. 12. Examinations of John Mychell (servant of Edward
Caryll, Esq) Edifard Caryll, Esq, Tho. Pellet, and Tho. Barnard," as
to any knowledge of the conveying away of Lord Paget and Charles
Arundel beyond seas.

Saying of Chr. na3mes, that M' Shelley had better have spent £500
than that this matter should come in question.

The Thomas Pellatt here mentioned was probably
Thomas of Petworth, and the examination may have
been in connection with the Throgmorton conspiracy.

In "State Papers" of the following year (1584, Jan,?)
among the persons mentioned in "Extracts of the chief
points contained in the examinations of sundry persons
committed for religion and other causes," the name of
Tho. Pellet will be found.

John Pellett of Offam died in 1607, another son of
Richard and Agnes.

♦ Extract of the Will of John Pellett of Offam.

(Chichester, Vol. XV., fo. 248.)

20 Jan 1607 "John Pellett of Offam within the parrish of South-
stoke husbanman" to be buried in churchyard — high Church of
Chichester 4* — ^parish Church 6** — "to Elizabeth my £iughter fortie
shillings and the twentie shillings besides that her uncle Thomas
Pellett gave her" within one month after my decease— "to my sonne
John five pounds " at 21 — son Thomas do at do — son Bobert do and
"my great brasse potte" at 21 — "to Jone my daughter" £5 at 18,
each to be the others heir and if all 4 die then to " Elizabeth my wife
and Elizabeth my daugliter." Eesiduary legatee and Executrix wife
Elizabeth. Overseers Kichard Clares and Tho Sowton the yoimger.
Witnesses Maurice Bowland, Jeffrey Haukyns. William Wilshare.

so It will be noted that there was a close connection between the Pellatts and
Bamards. In the will of Thomas Pellatt, of Petworth, 1604, he leaves " to John
Barnard my Gk)dson the household stuff I have ut his fathers,** and ** to John
Bamards wife 10/." One of the witnesses to the will of Thos. Pellatt of Petvrorth,
1625, was Thomas Barnard, Jr.

RELATING TO THE FAMILY OK TELLATT.

115

III the Rpi>cndix to tluw paper will be found the will of
liicliard Pellet of Sfepiing, the elder, 1608; also of
Richai-d Pellet of Steyuiiig, 1609, as I cannot place
eitlier of tliese upon the pcdigroc.

hi 1625, we find the will of Thomas Pellett of
I'ctworth, Hon of Richard Pellet of North Stoke : —

• AnaxRACT ok tub Will of Thomas Pbixett or Pettobth.
(OliifhMter, Vol. X\T:I., p. 167.)

Li Jim IC25. Thomas Pellett of Petworth yooman — my eldest son
Thomas P i40 at 21— to Eicliard P, Joseph P & Edward V tliree other
of my BOOB £G0 a piece at 21 — Joane my now wife shall liave the house
I dwell in for life afterwards to son Thomas.

Overaeers to sell meadow called Hoebrook for debts — to my brother
Richard Woulven 20/- Besiduarv legatee and oxecutrix " now wife
Joane " t)verseers my tosin William Pellett of Bignor and brother
Richard Wolvon.

Witnesses Rob' Sadler, Jameti Pellett. Thomas Barnard jim'

Proved 27 Ap l(i27 by Joane P the relict.

With this will, elo8e» my ijiformation of these branches
of the family.

Wo now return to Richard of Cliarlton Court (son of
AVilliam who jjurchawed it of the Crown)." He was the
eldest son and was to have the use of the Pwsonage
until his brother John was 21.

In Cartwriglit's " Rape of Bi-amber," p. 165, he is
named as M.P. for Steyning iii 1572. In 1584 we are
informed that he purchased Hignor Park.**

Unfortunately liiebai'd Pellet did not leave a will.
•On 10 Jan., 1587 administration was granted in P.C.C.

" Umaatt, p. 110.

*' Biguar-jinrke was so leai<ed foi 40 jcan, for £10 per ami., " to Dnde the taid
Krlt B^ hie hejrea, one liabell man iin homebork well & eufBcieutlj Weed,
homcnod. orrajed, & weapouMl, to wrrTc tbe Queeiio'B Majestic;" and ft It)
■ttlrd "uU tbat our [jorkc & Indite ot Bjgnore." In the 26th ol EUx. (15S1],
" l)i|rnoiv poikc, idTe terra iQcluna aii: tocbC. m porocbU dc BTKnore. scilicet, uu
lueikiMg', uu' hoireuni, uu. gardin'. 100 acr, teirsi, 40 pniti. 3IHI paKtQrae infra
m1* (iftKi Btgnoru per Thonuun Cooke, alien' Richardo Pcllatt." Inq. p. mart.
ThonM' Pellatt ob. wUat. of the manor of Bignore park, held in capltc of the
Crawa by the hundredth part uf h kuiKhl'v ftv."

In 15M John, Lord Ltunlejr, Mild it lu William Tfrwhtt, Em].. of whoxe repre-
■aiit«ti<'tfi it wan piutbaned by lUehutl t'elluEt. of Steyninjt. (won afterwardn. and
who bnllt the nunidon bouee in the xtylc of tbat age. " The RituDtiua of the
houiv WM Rinttidnrlj well cbuwn. It Rtuod on an eminenee (heltcred (roio the
north-mst, Biid comrantulinfr a moi;iilSet'iit Tiew of the whole surrounding
eountry." To tlie preiwnt day it rorric* out all that Ihr historina ray* about it.
A moiv uliormtng B^xit it would be difflc^ilt to flud.

116 PEDIGREE AND GENEALOGICAL MEMORANDA

to his wife, who is described as " Mary relict of Richard
Pellet Esq late of Maldon, Essex, in the person of
Thomas Wheler notary public."

^^Add. MS. Brit. Mus.," 5685, p. 91, is as follows:—
** The Manor of Charlton Cum Ashehurst in Steyning
held by William Pellett 3 & 4 Philip & Mary (apparently
bought by him 13 May 1557V 29 Eliz. 21 June (1587)
Richard Pellett died seized of this manor leaving his son
& successor, Benjamin. Value £40. 6. 8. Enfeoflfed by
Richard Pellett to John Apsley & others 8 May 29 Eliz.
(1587). Alienated 2 March 35 Eliz. (1593) by Benjamin
Pellett Esq. to Sir Thomas Shirley."

The ^^ Calendar's Proceedings in Cliancery," Eliz. 1,
2 & 3, Vol. III., p. 13, gives the following:— '' Plaintiff
Richard Snellinge. Def** Anthony Pepper & Wife &
Richard Pellett. For the recovery of title deeds a
messuage & land in Beding alias Scale (i.e., Sele) &
one mesg*' & other land in Porteslade devised to plaintiff
under will of Peter Snellinge his father."

Richard Pellett being named as of Maldon, Essex,
seems strange, but it is supported by other circum-
stances. His son Thomas married Mary, daughter of
Richard Joselyn, of Hide Hall, Co. Essex, and left

Sroperty at Highrooding, in that county. His daughter
arie married Richard Jeffrey, of Little Bursted, Co.
Essex. Richard appears to have left three children —
Benjamin, Thomas, and Jane, whom we shall now
consider.

Benjamin Tprobably bom 1565-70) was first of Stey-
ning. He subsequently acquired the Manor of Bolney,
from an old family oi that name, the residence there
being Bolney Place, In 1588 he subscribed £25 to
the loan raised by Queen Elizabeth at the time of the
expected invasion by the Spanish Armada.

Benjamin Pellett married for liis first wife Dorothy,
daughter of Edward Lewknor, of Kingston-Bowsey,
who was at one time Groom-porter to Edward VI., and
was subsequently condemned for high treason, but died
in the Tower June 25, 1556, before the sentence could
be carried out. All his four sons and six daughters

nELATINfi TO THK t'AMILY OF PKLLATT.

117

(of whom Dorothy was the youngest) were restored in
olood by Act of I'arliameut, 1588. Benjamin's second
marriaj^e was in 1590, as entei-ed in StcjTiing Register,
*" 159(1 Aug. 24 Benjamin Pellet geii'osus and Alice
Fanifold Genosa."

Tlie children of each raamago will he seen upon the
pedigi-oe.

In 1603, at the coronation of James I., Benjanun
Pellett received the honour of knightliood. He appears
to have had some difference with the Vicar of Bolney,
&n "State Papei-s," 1603-10, p. 185, says "Note of Sir
Benju. Pellet's fraudulent dealings towards the minister
of HolneVj Sussex, in suborning witnesses to accuse bim
of flieft.'^

In Sub-Hidy Koll, 1621, we find — "Bolney. Sir Benjamin
Pellctt Knight in lands £'20. 53. 4."*" Jane, only daughter
of tlie [il)ove, man-ied July 13, 1626, at Bolney, Sir
William Culpepper, of Wakehurst, in Ardingly, Sussex.

In consequence of this marriage Ardingly affords many
recoi-di* of tne Pellctts.

At the Herald.s' Visitation, in 1634, the family and
arms were duly reeorded.

At AitUngly an interesting old half-timl)ered house is
fitill pointed out as the i-esidence of Sii- Benjamin Pellatt;
it is ulsii called "]Ji»hiey Place." The present building
is much reduced fnini i\s original size.

In 1636 Sir Benjamin died at Ardingly, and waw buried
in tlie church there. By the kindness of the Vicai', the
Rev. J. Bowden, I was enabled to copy the oi-iginal
entrj- from the register : —

IGSG Jany Rl S' Benjamin Fellat nn aniieut Knight van buried in
y* cliancell 7 fiiot fi'om y* South window.

His will i.s made shortly before his death ; in it he
descriljos himself " of Wakehurst."

Abstract of the Wux of Benjauk Pellatt.
(Lewes WiU Office.)
Tlie twenty SM'ond day of Jany 1636
I Benjamin Pellatt Knight of Wakehurst in the Co. of Sussex, 4c.

■ " 8. A. C," Vol. IX., p. M.

118 PEDIGREE AND GENEALOGICAL MEMORANDA

Item I bequeath to Alice my beloved Wife two featherbeds for her
use during the terme of her natural life.

Item I bequeath to my daughter Dorothy xjl*

I give to my grand-children Ann Katherine, & Eose Fellatt xx' a piece.

I give to my servant Edward Pepper £5

I give to my mayde servant Joane Qullop x*

I give to the preacher that shall preach at my funeral xx*

I give to Sir William Culpepper my sonne-in-law all my lands lying
in the parish of Ffindon near Worthing in the Co. of Sussex now in
use & occupation of one Widow Qravette to him & his heirs for ever,
in consideration that hee the sayd Sir William Culpeper shall allow £5
yearly unto my sister Ffamefoiild during her life. The rest of all my
Koods & chattells I give unto my eodsonne Benjamin Culpeper sonne &
heire of Sir William Culpeper whom I make & ordayne executor of
this my last will & testament.

And I do nominate & appoint my well-beloved son-in-law Sir
William Culpeper and my very loving friend M' Bichard Teynton,
Parson of Ardingly, the overseers of the same.

In presence of Thomas Norris

Barbara deeve.

It will be seen that he leaves to his son-in-law, Sir
William Culpepper, his lands in Findon, the rest of his
goods to his godson, Benjamin Cidpepper (his only son
John having died previously, and his grand-daughters
being provided with the manor of Truleigh, in Edburton,
of which more anon).

At an Inquisition, taken at East Grinstead 30 Mar.,
13 Car. I. (1638),^

♦The juiy found that Sir Benjamin Pellat Knt. died 26 Jany 1636
seized of the Manor of Trewly in Ebberton als Edburton Seeding
Woodmancote & Henfield, that John Pellat his son died in the Life
of said Benjamin leaving three daughters his Coheirs, Viz. Anne aged
18. (2) Catharine aged 16. (3) Eose aged 13 years & 4 months

Sir Benjamin's wife, Alice (nee Famfold), survived
him 22 years, and was also buried at Ardingly, thus —

1657 Nov. 30 Ladie Alice PeUatt wife of S' Benjamin Pellatt was
buried.

We cannot pass on without a note upon the house of
Culpepper — ^' Among the noble and knightly houses of
England few ranked higher than that of Culpepper."^

Upon a recent visit to Ardingly I was much interested
in the brasses still extant in the chancel of the chiu^ch.

a* Add. MS., 5686, p. 238. « " S. A. C," Vol. XI., p. 37.

RELATING TO THE FAMILY OF PELI^TT, 119

A slab has the figure of Elizabeth Culpepper, and bears
the following inscription : —

Jaeii hie suh hoc tumulo Eliznlielha Cwlpepor nior dilwisaima {sic)

Edusrdi Culpeper de ^yakehu^st in Comitatu Su§«ex militia quBa

quideia Elisyibetha fuit fiha Gulielmi Farnefold amii geri de Steotng

in Comitatu prae dioto quae Obiit decimo die Septembr

Anno Dmi. 1633.

Above is a shield displaying the foUowing:*" —

1. Argent a bend engrailed guUi (a crescent for difference). —
Culpeper,

2. Argent a chevn>n sable between 10 martleta six in chief and 4 in
base guUs. — Hardkesii.vll.

3, Argent a cheyron between 3 birds giilts. — Wakeuurbt.

4, Argent on a bond sable 3 eagles displayed or. — Ernelev.

EwutcJieon of pretense.
Argent 2 bare sable on the first a besent. — Pellatt.

Impalement.
Sable a thevron engrailed between 3 bucks' heads argent attired or.
— Farnfold.

I was puzzled to find a reason for the amis of Pellatt
being placed here, as at tlio date of this inscription I
wan not aware of any maniage between Cnljiepper and
Pellatt. I can only venture the suggestion that this
brass was placed by Sir William Culjiepper {who ninmcd
Jane Pellatt V in nieniorj- of \u» mother, and that unthink-
ingly he had put his own aims upon the tomb instead of
those of his father.

Another tomb has the figure of a girl, surmounted by
a lozenge-whaped shield bearing the Culpepper arais, on
an escutcheon of pretense ar</nit two bars sable on the
fii-st a bezant (Pellatt), with the following inscription
Iwlow: —

Here lyeth interred y* body of Elizabeth Culpeper eldest daughter
of 8' 'William Culi>eper of Wakehui-s in this County Barronetl, and
of Jane (nic Pellatt) his wife, shee was aged 7 yoi
life for a better w "■ '

■■ lltm^dd'e SuHBi-s." Vol, VI., p. S.^a ; " 8. A, C," Vol. X.. p. I5S.

120 PEDIGREE AND GENEALOGICAL MEMORANDA

In these days of ^^ Church restoration," which causes
such heartburnings to those seeking the tombs of their
ancestors, it is most cheering to find the admirable
manner in which these brasses at Ardingly have been
preserved.

From the quaint diary of the Rev. Giles Moore, of
Horsted Keynes, we have note of the burial of Lady
Culpepper (nee Pellatt) —

1660-1. On the 16 of April being Palm Sunday Madam Culpepper
was buried in the Chancell in the afternoon at Ardingly. I went there
to hear M' Botherham preach leaving my own church unserved but I
both preached & gave the sacrament that day.^^

The only son of Sir Benjamin that attained manhood
was John, who was bom in 1584. In 1608 he married
Ann West, daughter of Thomas West, Lord de la Warr.
The marriage licence is thus recorded : —

♦ 1608 Aug 30 John Pellatt Esq of the City of London Batch 24
son of Sir Benjamin Pellatt K*. of Boney (Bolney) Sussex who consents
& Anne West of S'. Catherine Coleman Maiden dau. of Thomas Lord
La Warr of Wherwell Southampton who died 6 years ago S* Anne now
dwelleth with her mother The Lady Ann La Warr of S' Catherine
Coleman who consents at S' Catherine Cree Church — (" Marriage
Licences of the Bishop of London/' published by the Harleian Society,
Vol. XXV., p. 307).

Some interesting particulars of the lady's family will
be found in ^' Burke s Peerage," page 377.

Thomas, 2nd Lord La Warr, who succeeded his father
in 1595, married Ann, daughter of Sir Francis Knowles.
The daughter of this marriage, Ann, became the wife of
John Pellatt. They appear to have resided at Bolney,
from the register of which church I am able to give the
particulars of his family, as shown upon the pedigree.
He died in the lifetime of his father. A small brass is
still to be found in the chancel-floor of Bolney Cliurch
recording the same.

Here lyeth the bodye of John Pellatt Esqvior sonn and heire
apparant of Benjamin Pellatt knight he deceased the tow and t wen tie
day of October Anno Domini 1625. etatis sue 41.

« "S. A. C," Vol. I., page 81.

MEMORIAL BRASS IN ARDrSRLY CHURCH.

Herb lveth intemed y budv

or Eliuukth

CVLTEPES ELDEST DAVCHTEK O

r s! W1U.IAM

CvLFEfm or Wakkhvrs tv

THtS COVNTV

Babnohbtt, aku op Iahe h

S WIFE, SHKE

W*S AOBD 7 VHME8 ft CHAN

3ED THIS Ura

FOR A BETTER OH ( b" DAV Or

Dkcsubek a**

Ml 16J4.

RELATING TO THE FAMILY OF PELLATr.

121

From the Bur. MS. Bi-it. MiL-s., I gather that originally
the tomb had also the Coat of Arms, but that is not there
now.*

Three daughters of this mamage — Ann, Catherine and
Rose — wore left co-heirs of their fatlior, and inherited
the manor of Tnileigh, in ]'2d!)iirton. Catherine, the
second daughter, manied William Hippersley, and from
notes in two recent volumes of the Collections," we gather
the fact that the Poet Cowper wan descended from this
family, as shown below : —

W. Ilipperjley^T^'nthcrlue Pellett
KfttlieiTneT=Ilruiii Clonch
Cathurine^ Roger Donne

WiUiam, tht Poot.

So that CowperV mother, the i-eceijit of whose picture
called forth one of the immortal poemn of the hnglinh
language was the great-gi-aiid-daughtcr of Catherine
Pellett.

An already noticed, liis mother was Anne, daughter of
Roger Donne, of Ludliam Hall, Norl'olk, Regarding
this lady, one of her biographers remarks tliat "the
highest bli)f)d in the nmlm flowed in the veins of the
modest and unassuming Cowper, his mother having
descended tlirough the tkmilies of HipjK'i-Kley, of
Throughlcy, in Sussex, aiul Pellet of Bolney, in the
same county, and ti-om the sovoi-al noble bou-ses of West,
KuoUyn, Carey, Bullen, Howard, and Mowbi-ay, and by
fom* different linci*, ft'um Hcnr)' tlic Thii-d, King of
Kugland."

It is a curious coincidence that Dr. Cotton, in whoso
care Cowjier was placed, and to whose humanity and
skill ho jiays so high a tribute in his poem on " Hope,"
had for his assistant a Stephen Pellet, fil.D., who, at the

"■ Adaion. (r.C.C. Laud il.) " U MurtU 1(133. Admon. wm gTaiiU>il lo Aunp
Bwulf uliiii- rcllatt relict of John I'cUutt Intc o( Uolney in Co. tiusecx dtifnw-d."
Thin admon. wa> not grsntrd until eight jcaza nCtir JohnV death. It oppcun
that the widow had renmrriL-d.

* •' 8. A. C," Vol. XXXJI., p. 2:Ht ; " 8. A. C," Vol, XXXIV., ]>. 2fil.

122 PEDIGREE AND GESEALOGICAJL MEMORANDA

decease of the proprietor, Aug. 2, 1782 (aged 90), took
die iiii^tution at St. Albans into his own hands. I
believe him to hare been a member of the family of
whom we are treating, though at present I fisul to place
him upon the pedigree. What little information I have
gathered will be found in the Appendix.

We now return to Thomas, the second son of Richard,
and brother of Sir Benjamin. He appears to hare
inherited Bignor Park. Whether this was on account
of his elder brother being amply provided for, or is an
example of " Boro' English " is difficult to determine.

Thomas Pellatt married Mary, daughter of Richard
Joselyn, of Hide Hall, Co. Essex. She died at Bignor,
May 20, 1626 (Bignor Reg.), and had a mural inscription
m the church (Bur. MS.); the same is not now to be
found. He died at Bignor, and was buried there Dec. 21,
1616. His will is here given : —

♦ Abstract of the Wnx of Thoicas Pellett of Bionob.

(P.C.C. 50 Weldon.)

3 Oct 1616 Thomas Pellett of Bygnor gent — to be buried in Ghurch.
— to William P. my son £10 (?yearly) "out of my Parke of Bygnor
duringe the naturall lyfe of Mary Pellett my wife," also to W" £30
yearly out of my lease of the Manor of Higheroodedingbuiy in High-
rooding Essex also gold ring or signet and books — to Hester P. my
daur. £400 — Kesiduary le^tee & executrix wife Mary P — . Overseers
" John Pellett of Boney (Bolney) in the County of Sussex Esquire my
cosen and Kinsman and James Pellett of Madehurst in the said County
Clerke my Cosen "

Proved 16 May 1617 by Mary the relict and executrix.

Ho namcH as overseers ^^ John Pellet of Boney (Bolney)
Co. Sussex my cosen and kinsman and James Fellet of
Madehurst in the same county Clerke my Cosen." James
Pellet was Incumbent of Madehm'st, 1592 f probably the
same who graduated at Oxford, 1584 ; admitted B.A.
23 April, 1588, det. 158f ). At present I cannot identify
his parentage.

Two children were the issue of this marriage, viz.,
Hester, who married John Cooke, of West Burton, Co.
Sussex (a member of a family long resident there), and

'liam, who was bapt. at Bignor as '^ William Son of
Qia8 Pellatt & Mary his Wife Feb, 1593." He

RELATINC! ro lllE FAMILY itV I'KLLATr,

mherjteii the estate fmm his fathtT, and manied, first,
Bridget, one of the tlnrteeii cliildreii of WiUiam Mille,
of Greatbam, Co. Sussex. (William att JMulle we pre-
viously noted at Stoyniug in Subnidy Roll of 129G.)
The introduction of tbo chHstiau name of Mill in the
Pellatt Family ia evidently from this marriage, and ha«
been kept up to the present day.

They were married at Greathani, May 5, 1627. A
few years afterwards thoy erected a new house at Bignor
(16^2). This in time gave place to the present mansion,
built 1826, by the then ownier, — Hawkins, Esq.

Inserted in a side wall of the house a stone may still
be seen marked thus : —

WP. BP. 1632, with the
eoat of arms in the centre,
evidently for William and
Bridget Pellatt.

Mrs. Pellatt died at
Bignor, and was bui-ied in
the church there, Nov. 2,
I6;i6. In the sinne year, omng to the death of liis uncle,
Sii' Benjamin, without male lieii", William became the
bead of the family. Iti 16U2 ho seems to have had some
diflFerenee with the Kector of Bolney, as we gather from
"State Papers, DomeHtie," 1C37-8.

"Calendar of Stato Papers, Douipetic," 1637-8,
1637? Vol, CCCIJCXV.

93. Petition of Edward HiiHtler, Rettor of Bignor, in diocese of
OliichcBter, to tlie Council. Uimiu tlie petition imnexed, the Lords
^ve direction to Mr. NiLhoIns to dwinre to Lord Cliief Justice Finch
that no further proceedings should l>c taken in tlie nnid CHuee, till liia
MajiWty and the Ijiirdfi were fuillier informed. In reganl llie i-uiiee
concerns the cliurdi in point of titiii's nithlivld, and lliat liin Majeuty
ie patron of the rectory, petitioner i)ray8 a jij •ointment fur a hearing,
[J p.] Annexed.

03. 1. Petition of the winie to the anme, WiUinm Pellet Btande
Beiaed of 20(1 acres in Bignor, nliiclL heretofore wns n [lork. hut for 40
yearn liita been nruble ami coppicp, and by that nieaUH haH become
titheable. Petitioner being forced to sue in the EL-clesiaHtienl Court for
the tithe, Pellet procured a rule in the Common Pleas for a prohibition.
P^tioner by hie counsel gave satisfaction, and it was ordered iu the
absence of tlio Lorti tliief Jnsties', that no prohibition should be
granted, yet shortly aAor petitioueT was again warned to appear in

1632

124 PEDIGREE AND GENEALOGICAL MEMORANDA

the Common Pleas, and there being persuaded by his Lordship con-
sented to a trial at Common Law, but upon better advice, finding the
church (in his Majesty's gift) like to siiffer by g^ing to such a trial,
petitioner pra^s the Lords to take a course for stay of the trial and
relief of petitioner. [1 p.]

William Pellatt's second wife was Jone, daughter of
William Grey, of Wolbeding.* We find him styled as
" Cap*' William Pellatt," but have no information as to
what the title referred. He died at Bignor, and was
buried in the church there Jany. 14, 165^. At present
I have failed to find any will or admon.

The children of William Pellatt by his first wife were :
1, Thomas; 2, Mary; 3, William; 4, Joseph; 5, Elizabeth;
6, John.

1, Thomas. Bap. at Greatham, July 24, 1628 (Bur.
MS.) Married at All Saints, Lewes, March 6, 1659,
Hannah (or Susannah), daughter and co-heir of William
Alcock, of The Friars, Lewes, as ^^ Thomas Pellatt of
Bignor Gent., and Hannah, daughter of William Alcock
of Lewes Gent."

^^ The Friars," Lewes. By the marriage this fine estate
came into the Pellatt family, and remained with them
until 1805.

Lewes at the time we speak of was a very different
place from the Lewes of to-day.

Defoe says of it, "Lewes is the most romantic situa-
tion I ever saw. It consists of six parishes in which
gentlemen's seats joining to meet another, with their
gardens uphill ana downhill compose the town." Of
these seats '* The Friars" was one of the finest. It was
situated in the centre of the town, and comprised a
family mansion, with gardens, orchards, fish pond, &c.,
the boundary walls enclosing an area of eighteen acres.
Subsequently the house was pulled down to make way
for the railway ; the present station is reported to stand
upon the site of the nouse. Some of the old red brick
walling of the garden is still standing. Originally it
was occupied by the Grey Friars or Friars Minors. "In
1542 the site was leased to Sir John Gage. On the 12*^

"• " Beny'8 Suaaex," p. 208.

RBLATING TO TMK FAMILY OF PELLATT.

125

of Mairh 1544 (3-5 Hen. VIII.) George Haydon Gent &
Huf^h Stukoloy K^q reciuestt'd to purcliase or lease the
property of tiio then lately dissolved house. On 14
June follo\ving (:i6 Hen. VIII.) a ffraut of o" was made
to George Haydon & Hugh Stukeley & fi-oin tlioni it

{jasaed to Jolin Ke\^ne who died seized lo April 1585,
eaving liis niece Joan daughter of Ids bi-other Richai'd
& wife of George I'owlet, his heiress. In the time of
Clias. I. the estate was tlie jii-operty of Sir John Sliurley
of Isfield, who died here 25 April 1631 having married
Dorutliy daughter of George Gonng of Danny & widow
of Sir Henry Bowyer of Uuckfield Knight. The Alcocks
were afterwards the owners."

Thomas Pellatt administered to the will of Matthew
Taylor, 37 March. 1678 (P.C.C. 58 Reeve). He died
11 June, 1080, and was buiied at All Saints, Lewes.
Burrell, in liis acieount of the monuments in tliis ehureh,
says —

On a gravestone at the und of the North Aisle.

Arms.

Pollatt impaling Ali.'ock.

Here lyetli llie body of Thomas TeUntt Estj of this Parish who
departed this life the 1 1"" day of June Aim. D<im. 1680.

Also tlie liody of Oraee the Wife of W™ Pollalt sou of tlie said
Thomas Pellatt Esi^ she was the oiJv daughter of Apsley Newtim of
Soulhover Esq who departed ihis life the IS^ day of Jauy 1710
^tatis ■16 yeaiK.

William I'ellatt Esq ilied the 18 dey of May 172.i jEtatia sum 60.

No trace of this stone is now to be found, the church
having been "restored."
His will is as follows : —

Absteaot of the Will of Thomas Prllatt of Lbwes-
(P.O.C, 153 Bath.)
To poor of All Suiuts, Lewes 40/-

Do Higniir 40/-
Servaiits at time of death 20/- To my Aunt Mille my brotlier Pellatt
water Eli/. Pellatt « Mary now the wife of Tlioiiias Palmer "20/- to
buy a ring to ware in reniembraiiee of me." To my oldest daughter
Sunannah llfiOO i'300 being part legaey given her by her Grandfather
William Ali-ock gent. Det". To my youngest Daughter Mary £400
£100 biniig left by her Grandfather William Alcock Kent. Dec", to be
paid ot 18 or day of mnrriage either survivor to take all. Wife to
lake iut. until due.

126 PEDIGREE AND GENEALOGICAL MEMORANDA

To Son William Pellatt household furniture, plate, Lynen, Pewter,
brass furniture now in house after death of Wife. All the rest to Wife
Susannah, Sole Extrix.

Makes loving brother William Pellatt Gent, and my very loving
friend Henry Snelley Esq & my kinsman Balph Mille Esq overseers.
To whom £5 each. Beal estate to Daughter Susannah, her heirs &
assigns Copyhold mess* Bams buildgs &c holden of Manor of Isfield

To Mary (D^ W in s* county To Susannah & Mary Manor of

Sutton Hall & lands in Sutton now in occup" of Thomas Legatt to
Sus** & Mary my moiety in Mess* Tenet' Warehouses Buildings Wharfs
Docks lands &c in Thames St London known as Sabo Key & Sabo
Dock lately purch^ by self and said brother of one Thomas Payne Gent.

Wife to receive all benefit till g^ls of age or married if Son William
die no issue then to nephew William Pellatt son of my brother All
property at Bignor Park.

Signed Tho'. Pellatt.
Witnesses

Eichard Jsfod Ben White Samuel Postlethwaite. William Boolton.
" Codicell " Appts son William Pellatt of Lewes Merchant one of the
Overseers in place of Halph Mille & g^ves £5 to him instead of Mille.
to my sister Pellatt 20/ to buy a ring

Proved 17 August 1680

He appears to have been patron of the church of West
Grinstead, jointly with Ralph Mille, of Greatham, and
Thomas Beard, of Hurst. In 1662, at the restoration of
King Charles II., they reinstated the Rector, George
Heath, who had been ejected from the living in 1637.
In the robing-room at Chichester Cathedral is a tablet
containing the names of the donors to the fund for the
repair of the sacred edifice in 1664. Thomas Pellatt is
stated to have given £10, a sum equal to nearly £100 in
the present day.

Mrs. Pellatt s will was proved at Lewes, and is here
given : —

Abstract of the Will of Mrs. Hannah Pellatt.

(Lewes Probate Court.)

In the fourth year of William and Mary, 1 693.

To the poor of the psh of All Saints in which I dwell 40- to Son
W" Pellatt 20 broad pieces of gold 1 mo after death to Son W".
dwelling House commonly called Fryers, out-houses Ortchard Ponds &
house in occupation of Ambrose Gulloway T3rthes g^eat & small psh of
St. Mary, S*. Ann, S*. John ffabner Plumpton & Barcomb during
natural life to heirs male (eldest son) failing to second son or next son
then daughters then drs Susannah Wife of Kich*. Shelley & Mary wife
of Eichard Payne equally. In case Apsley Newton, father of Ghrace
the now wife of my son William shall in 2 years pay £1500 portion for

BELATING TO THK FAMILY OF PELIATr.

127

hia D* pay to Hem^' Pelhani of Lewes & Henrj' Board of Hurstpoint
Si Wiu. Pellatt tlie Y'. of E. Grinstead, invest Ju lands &c for the use
of son William Pellatt for natural life, after death to use of first
second & all other Sons in default of all innue to Daughters Hannah

6 Maiy. Itm to my sifltcr Eliz. Payne Sister Mary PeUet Sister Eliz,
Pellatt 20/- each to nen'sate at death 20/. Itiu to my cozen Jane
MauUd £5 Eiehard ....

Household stuff in doors & without Money Gold Silver & plate wliielt
I brought & came to me since my husband died & not devised by him
I leave to two daughters whom 1 make joint Ex. of this n*ill

Hannah Pellatt.

Witnesses — Henry Shelley Ambrose Galloway" John Can!

2, Man- (daughter of WilKnin and Bridget). Bap. at
Bignor, June 3, 16;iO. Man-, at Bigiior, Feb. U, 1().50,
Tlionia«, sou of William Palmer*' (Aiigmeriiig Line).
"Mis. Gen. et Her.," Vol. I., Quarty. Senes, p. ll^i.

3, William, of whom more afterwards, an he leaves a
large family-

4, Josepli. Bap. at Biguor, Dec. 20, 1633.

5, Elizabeth. Bap. at Bigiior, thus : —

1634. Elizabeth, the daughter of William Pellatt Gent. & Bridgett
his wife ba]iti«ed Feb. 10. IGSl. Monday the Feast Day of llie Purifi-
cation of the IJlesswl Virgin.

Godfalhen M'. Thomas Everfield

M'. Riehard Mill
Godmothers W. Elia. Goring
M". „ Mill.
Edward Hastier, Rector Ecc'Ie«iee.

She appears to have resided at Lewes, and died there

7 Jany., 1098.

Abbtuact of the Wiu. of Elizabeth Pellait.
(Jrfwes Probate Court,)
I Elixiibeth Pellatt of Lewis

Wearing anp', plate, rings to two nieces Man- wife of Rich^ PojTi
s Un....>.i. vv;fc ,.f ifin' ' "■ " ■" ■. ^. ....

& Haunali \Vife of Rich'' SheUey. AH personal Est.
Brother Williuui Pi'Uatt of London Imnmunger & tl;
brother Thomas Pellatt of Lewt« Gent. Two i '
them to bury me at Biguor & to give riugs to
tliey ahull think tit.

Dated Jan' 4. IGSS.
Witnesaes — .\nn Pelliilt
Miiry Davis.
Tho". Kurrett.

ihildreii

' & eliildren of late

lole Eiors. desire

't niv relaeons as

128 MEMORANDA OP THE FAMILY OF PELLATT,

By her will she dosires to be buried at Bignor. Upon
a visit there in 1889 her tombstone was pointed out to
me ; it was partially broken, and was placed face inwards
against a mound of earth opposite the church door.
From the clearness of the letters it appeared to have
been originally within the church, but probably at some
^^ restoration '' had been cast adrift. The portion of the
inscription remaining was as follows : —

lies interred Elizor Pellat
hter of Cap'. William Pellat
64 Years & 1 1 Months. Who
d this life 7° Jany An" Dno.
1698.

6, John. Bap. at Bignor, thus : —

1636. John the sonne of William Pellatt & Bridgett his wife
baptised 23* Oct. 1636

Mr John Gk)odman, \

Mr John Stanley > Suxceptors.

Mrs Katherine Mill )

I have no further information of John or his brother
Joseph, and from the fact that they are not referred to
in the wills of Thomas, William, and Elizabeth, and from
the tenor of the said wills, it seems probable that they
were both dead prior to 1680.

(To be concluded.)

THE MIMIS ROCK HERMITAGE AT HASTINGS.

By G. BTNG aATTTE, Esq.

Speaking of this little-known but curious relic of the
past, Mr. M. A. Lower, -writing upon Hastings, says: —
" In the East Hill, in a rock caUed the Minnis Rock,
was one of the few hermitages which Sussex possessed.
In the last century it contained a cross with a niche for a
saint carved out of the rock. In the side of the opposite
hill are wome excavations, known as St. Clement's Caves,
originally made in digging for sand and afterwards used
by smugglers."'

The origin of this "Hermitage" seems to be unknown
and its hiKtory is lost — yet thei-e stands the " Hei-mitage"
itself, an interesting memorial of the past, a])parently as it
alwayM did, though probably counting its age by centuries.
Horstield, in his "History of Sussex," does not mention
this rock-cut cell; Moss, in his "Hastings," merely refers
to it as having been the residence of an old couple who
were turned out of the workhouse for niifconduct in
178-'i ; and Cole, in his delightful work on the antiquities
of Hastings, gives but few particulars.

The "Hermitage," as it has long been called, is situated
on the western side of the East Hul, near Barley Lane, at
a small elevation above the high road, not far from All
Saints' Cliurch, a clim-ch dating from the 14th Century,
and standing on the side of the hill, a Uttle above the
level of the valley. The part of the hill in which the
caves are cut is called the "Minnis Rock." a name which
is conjectured to arise from the Celtic (or Welsh) word
"Menys," signifying a steep ascent, a name very appro-
priate in this case, for the ascent to the rock is decidedly
Bteep.

' " CompendiooB Uiatorj- of Sussex " (pub. 1870), Vol. I., p. 223.

130 THE UIHNIS BOCK HEBHITAOE AT HAOTIN08.

On reaching the spot,
the explorer finds
liimself in front of
three square-headed
openings cut in the
rock, and now nearly
filled up with earth
and rubbish; it is
much to be regretted
■ that the caves are not
fully cleared out and
again opened, when, with a little care and management
on the part of the freeholder, they might be made objects
of some attraction to the curious in such matters, whilst
their history, as far as can be ascertained, and their
probable, original, and real use (as set forth in this
paper), shortly detailed in the form of a cheap pamphlet,
might be of service in directing attention to them as
most interesting curiosities.

But, filled up as they are, utterly neglected and uncared
for, this token of the piety of our forefathers is of couree
foi^tten — out of sight, out of mind.

On reference to the ground plan, on next page, we may
suppose that the centre cave might have been the oratory,
the right {or south) a sort of vestry, and the left (or north)
a temporaiy lodging for the priest.

It IS dimcxdt now to ascertain the true height of the
openings, aa they are choked to within a foot or two of
the roof, but in depth they are each about 9' 0", and
average from 4' 0" to 5' Cr in width. The interior is
described in "S. A. C," Vol. XII., page 15, as consisting
of three chambers, each opening into the other, and none
of them very large, and having a cross cut on the wall
exactly opposite the entrance, and therefore east, and
by the side of this is a niche, evidently meant to contain
a statue of the particular saint to whom the "Hermitage"
or "Oratory" was dedicated. There is also, it is said,
a rude fireplace, or what is called a "fireplace," on one
side; but the place has been inaccessible for so many
years, that these accounts must be taken cum grano.

THE MINNIS HOCK HEEMITAQE AT HASTINGS.

■— +-

Thoro seems to bo no record whatever of the foi-mation
of these caves, but from their general appearance and rude
construction, they laust be of very considerable antiquity,
and it has been thought tliat they were originally intended
for the renidonce of a pious hermit. A souiewbat einiilar,
though much larger one is pointed out at Buxted, near
Uckfield, which is also said to have been a hermitage, and
these seem to be the only two specimens left' in the county
of Sussex. But with regard to the Minnis Rock, several
fects would rather seem to miKtate against this opinion.
It 18 quite certain that many centuries ago men were
found ready enough to retii'e to caves and rocks, where
they were supposed to pass their lives in constant prayer
ana acts of piety, and to imitate the practice and
austerities of St. John the Baptist, or rather of St.
Anthony, who was generally considered to be the first
recluse. A» a I'ule, they cut themselves off from all
worldly intercourse, and lived often in far away wastes

' 8w "Lower'i Com. History," Vol. I., p. *.

THE WINNIS SOCK HERMITAGE AT HASTINGS. liiS

France, Italy, and Spain similar chapels are to be found.
These chapels are geuei'ally dedicated to the Virgin
Mary — who is always held in great veneration by sailors
and fishermen, the " Star of the Sea" being one of her
titles — or to St. Nicholas ur St. Clement, and were estab-
liahed lor the pui-poses of intercessory services on behalf
of the maiitime population ; that is, prayer for the Uving
and for those absent at sea, and masses for the repose of
the souls of tlie dead, especially of the shipwrecked. The
supposition that this was one ot the ancient oratories of our
coasts, and not a mere hermita-gc, is further strengthened
by the fact of the cross cut on the eastern wall, which
would denote the presence of an Altai- on that spot at
some former period, with its attendant niche fur the
figure of the patron saint. It was not genei-ally the
practice of hemiits to decorate theii- caves or cells with
statues, crosses or Altai's, because, imless they liappened
to bo ordained priests — a very rare occurrence — they
would have no authority to celebrate Mass at such an
Altar, or, indeed, anywhere else.

Taking all these tacts together, the conclusion I have
arrived at is that this place in the Miimis Rock was,
without doubt, one of these very ancient oratories or
chapels already refeiTed to, as having been placed
hundreds of yeai-s ago, by the generous and unsehish
piety of oui- ancestors, in situations near the sea coast
for the express benefit of the seafaring population ; and
this becomes all the more interesting, as most of these
have long since passed away, and those few which are
left, instead of being condemned to dii't and desecration,
should be eared for by loving hands, as curious and
touching remains of the past, and as stiikuig instances
of the deep religious feefings and active benevolence of
our forefutliers — as well as in their great love for, and
sympatliy \vith, the " toilers of the deep," the ship-
wrecked, and the dead I

In connection with this very interesting subject, it
may be as well to refer to Ei curious fact not perhaps
geneiuUy known to the public at large, and that is that
a cousiaei'ablc poi-tiou of Old Hastings at one period

134 THE MINNIS BOCK HERMITAGE AT HASTINGS.

belonged to the great and wealthy Abbey of St. Mary
Fecamp, in Normandy ; and that, some years ago, whilst
excavations were being made in the south side of High
Street, the remains of a Norman Crypt were discovered,
which once sustained a chapel, or grange above, belong-
ing, of course, to the great Abbey, as this part of High
Street was included m the Fecamp possessions. St.
Clement's Church, close by, was also built, in 1286, on
the Abbot's land.

The monks of this Abbey always appear to have
been highly favoured by the Kings of England, as we
gather from a charter dated at Burton, 23rd April, 1190
[temp. Richard I.), by which the '' men and the posses-
sions of the Abbey were exempted from all toll, pontage,
frontage, stallage, lastage, and all other dues by land or
sea;" and at the same tune the King declared that he
"received into his own hands, and under his own pro-
tection the monks and all their lands and possessions ; "
and ftirther, the King ordained that the Abbey could
only be '^ sued in the King's Courts." These great
privileges were confirmed, or re-established, by subse-
quent monarchs.

Part of the Hastings possessions of this wealthy Abbey
consisted of the "Great meadow," on the side of the
East Hill, measuring 18 acres in extent ; and it is in this
meadow that the Minnis Rock is situated. It is therefore
quite probable that permission may have been asked of,
and granted by the Abbey, for the construction of this
oratory, and, if so, no doubt the groimd was freely
given for that purpose ; and again, if it is really an
oratory, founded on the hill-side with the sanction of
the Abbey, it is quite possible that the Abbot may have
provided a priest to say the customary Masses and
prayers for those at sea, both living and dead. These
few simple facts are here mentioned as they go to enhance
the interest connected with these singular caves. It is
much to be hoped that the freeholder may be induced to
order them to be cleared out, so that they may appear,
as nearly as possible, once again in their original form
and aspect.

THE MIKNI8 ROCK HERMITAGE AT HASTINGS.

135

-g>-^»^^-

The illustrative sketch
roprcseiits a structure
which has greatly puz-
zled more than one
learned antiquary.
Many Hastings visitors
doubtless know, and
i must have often ob-
served, situated high
up on the western face
of the East Hill, and
only a few hundred
yards wouth of the Minnis Rock, tlu-ee Gothic arches,
iiaving tlieir centres painted black, and called by the

f)eople the "Three black arches," and I allude to them
lere as they have been sometimes confounded with the
Minnis Rock "Hermitage." They are very neatly
formed, the centre arch ia higher than the two side
ones, all three are carefully measured and proportioned,
with the edges and jambs properly cut ana moulded in
somewhat of the 13th Century or Early Enghsh style,
so far as one can judge, but these mouldings are now
very niucli injm-ed by time and we-ather. Allowing for
the accumulation of earth at the foot, the dimensions of
the arches may be taken as follows: — Centre, 10' 0" high
by 6' !)"; the two side ones, each 7' 0" high by 4' 3" broad;
breadth <tf the face of the rock scarped down, so as to
cut out the arches, about 30' 0" feet.

But now comes the very singulai' part of the histoiy ;
thcHC thi'ee arches are merely cut on the face of the solid
rock, having no chamber, cave, or hollow of any kind
behind tliem, a» can be seen distinctly by tlie peculiar
geological foi-mation. For what possible use, object,
or puriKfMe could they have been cut in the solid cHff?
Cousitierable trouble umst have been taken by some of
oiu" forefathers, tirst to cut down the hill to a perpen-
dicular face, and then carefully to measure, carve, and
mould these three arches — and for what ? Apparently
notliing ! No i-eliable information is obtainable from
any source whatever, aud the one or two local traditions

136 THE MIKKI8 ROCK HERMITAGE AT HASTINOS.

on the subject axe so silly and penrile that they are not
worth repeating. One is that these neat Gothic arches
" were made by the smugglers," but for what possible
purpose the intelligent sp^uKiers never hint ! Another is
—and this actually appeared in print a few years ago in
a local publication — ^tnat '* a resident native and his sons
(quite m recent years of course!) chiselled out on the
bare face of the rock this triple design resembling church
doors for no other apparent purpose or use (as we are
gravely told) but to form a place of meeting for singing,
£Sg, ani carousing witli their friends?' as if there
were not houses or taverns enough for such meetings
without going to the top of a cold and windy hill to
drink and sing in the open air.

By far the most likely theory is that these arches were
began — ^ages ago — by one of our pious forefathers for the
purpose of establishing there a seaside oratory, and that
the^esigner probably died, or for some reason, was
unable to finish the work ; and as nobody undertook its
completion the three arches were left much as we now
see them, saving the effects of time and weather.

That the work was begun in thorough earnest, and for
a religious purpose too, but was suddenly left \mfinished
from some unknown cause (like the fine modem ruin on
Carlton Hill, Edinburgh^, no reasonable person, I think,
can doubt; and ftirther, it is utterly increoible that these
careftdly measured arches, cut in the face of the solid
rock, were so cut for no possible reason or purpose, either
useful or ornamental. There, however, these venerable
arches stand, as they have stood, probably, for centuries,
objects of puzzling curiosity and interest to all intelligent
and educated people, who have any taste for antiauarian
inquiry or research, their history imknown and their
purpose mere conjecture 1

A CALENDAR OF TIIK DEEDS AND OTHER DOCUMENTS
IN THE POSSESSION OE THE SUSSEX AHCH^EOLOGICAL

SOCIETY.

(Continued from Vol. X.XXVrl., jip. 39-110 and 190.)

By E. H. W. DUNKm, Esq.

The DeedH and other Documentt* mentioned in the follow-
ing Calendar were presented to the Sussex Archteologieal
Society by W. J. Smith, Esq., of Brighton, with the
exception of No. 46^, which was given by C, L, Prince,
Esq., of Crowborough.

These Doeuments have been placed in the Society's
Libi-aiy, and may be inspected by Members on application
to the Hon. Curator.

459. Charter of John d<? Mam-cne, by which he grante to Hanio de
M. 4,1, FarLnm, one messuugo in the parish of Heret, in coneidera-

uuiCiBiiiiT (jm, qJ g^j, amiuni payment of 128. 'Witnesaes : Simon de
Sancto Leodcgario, Alan Pothol, Herbert atte Berghe, William
de Glielwesham, John BueeeJ. John attc Bethe, William atte
Ferde, John alto Bevghe, John do Itattlesford, John Clerico,
John atte Gueele and others. No date, \_Latin.^

460. Deed poll of John Loverd, laborer, by which he remises and quit
^ claims to Jolm Lidliam of Kype, all hia estate in certain lands

1{^'! and tenements in Chalvyngton. together with all rent* and
atirrieoft, which formerly belonged to Margery Loverd, his
mother (except one rent called Focokkes). Dated at Chal-
Tyngton. 2 March, 4 Hen. VIII. (1512-13). {Latin.']

451. Charter. of Sir Edward Braye, Knt,, Sir Bichard Sheriey, Knt.,
.J, Richard Andrews, Thomas Sheriey and Edward Elderton,
ft™ft esq,, by which thej' confirm to John. Thetelier of Selmystoni
one parcel of land called le Oldeland in Selmystou, another
formerly separated from the common field of SheiTngton, and
the third called lo Krinkk lying to the east of the eame
common field, in consideration of the annual payment of
IBs. 6d. to Sir Eichard Sterlej-, Knt., Bichard Andrewfi,
Thomas Sherlej' and Edward Elderton, the feoffees of Sir

r»r^u»> Ayi» other ikktmexts ix possessiox

..TT.:-*: 3 r..yt ahc I>anic Beatrice, liie wife, and doing suit of
-- ..• ::.r:: ::,;.ijur_iiiSLervugton. Dated at Shenugion,
^ • . zl:. ALU. loHo;. iSij^ature of "Zdwani
:• M.-r:-." "Edward Eliugon" A/V;. ILatiu.'

..: - W.hI ,i: Knuer. dated 25 Jan., 1.558; sind
• :rT. •£■":.'* t <.'oun of tlieAn-hbi^Loji of Canttr-

:.: - ."....; :.: Westminster, in the Quiuzaine ...f

1. . :: •••'^••t-L Janifh I'Jonier, i.ilaintili, ajid

• ..:... Mc.V'll. hi** wiff. deforcianrs liyxilii«li

- ..: .. . :.•: 1;.:::. :«• James I'lomer and liis Leir?.

: : ..s:ur»: in Bait-ombe. 'Latin.'

- : -^- *:-: : l»:i::rll. ve(»man, to John Biitlfr

^ ..- -. .: ::- sun. "f i'l'O, for the jierfuniianre

^ .. jv' T . Jiim'.'S I. J()05). It appears

. :•- "11 *:-l:.. had sold to Jolm Butlt-r

- . • ' ;. :«t B«»n»iigh of Telham, which

. . ■ : .•.-.. : '>^r. ^::»r. By this bond Leonard
-^_ -- ' ...: } -:I:r iLt quiet enjoyment of the
^ . ._ :.V"N ^- . luiide bv him or bv John

:. : l1.: ^ L^-ndleild, for the year

■ - : :::.:sw Their holdings, and tlie

-:t--^ > sulniivided under the

> -"1 Mauling Chanssellor,"

r>.:s-trar/' and the sum

;.: • ;.:..:ti::Iy belonged to the

X.i....: J. .ir-i was jwrt of the

.. :..': yr:\t:.:or, Chaueellor,

-: : : y,::.:dl ::: gxHxi presen-a-

.:.-•: V? Willi.^r^ Newton and
■ * — - - jT between Mr.

■^ *

kv ^

• ^ ". - •- !-; i^ " : . r .» right of wav
: :: i^. s :..:.i I».i:vrl :? July. 1636.

vv ^ " '•"• "'- : ^- : :!.:■ wav was thnmgh

w, : ,. '.-.•^-^ .. :.-;v: !-.:: xiear BeTorue

, M«., ui ('has ^.. .vr;;'i;'tot\;: Sno V]-

M ^ ||*vtU4 utt tlio diH-mueiit.J ' * -M»r., I b40, although

OF THE SUSSEX A RCHi:0 LOGICAL SOCIETY.

139

. Eitmct from the will of Henry Hilton of HUton, in co. Palatine

,c. of Diu'hani, esq., but dying at ClapbEtm in Sussex, dated 26

Ifl, Feb., 1640[-1], and proved in the Prerogative Court of

Canterbury, 10 Mareh, 1640-1. He left his manors, lands

and tenementM in tbe eo. Palatine of Durham, to tho Lord

Mayor of the City of London and four of the senior Aldermen

for the term of 99 yeara, in trust to pay £20 yearly to the

churchwardens and overseers of certain parishes in the counties

of Durham, Sussex, Surrey and Middlesex, to be divided

amongst the poorest inhabitants at the rate of 40i!. a piece.

The parishes benefited in the county of Sussex were : Clapham,

Patclting, the Subdeanery, atia^ St. Peter the Greater la the

City of ChicJiester, Fyndon, Tarring, Poling, Arundell,

Angmeringe, Selsey, Steanyng, Bramber, Brtgbthelmston,

the several pari sites in Lewes (JE20 between thcni) and New

Sboreham.

. Ackniiwleilgnieiit by William Swane (or Swaine) of Denton,

^. mercer, of a iJebt of £10, to be paid 26 March, 1685, to

James Eichardson of Battell, gent. Dated 23 Oct., 36 Chas.

H. (1684). Signature of "William Swaine." From an

endorsement it appears that this sum was the residue of a

fine of £16 for tlio adniisHioa of James Chambers to Frickly.

The King's precept to the sherifi' of Sussex, dated 23 June,

B. 2 James II. (1666), directing him to sunmion certain persons

"a to form a jiuy tit appear before the justices at Westminster,

within three weeks of Michaelmas day, or before the Justices

of Assise for tlie co. of Sussex, to be held at Eaut Grinsted,

22 July, in a suit depending in tho King's Court between

Joan Drewley, widow, and John Wjmsett, alias Wimahurst,

late of Isfietd.

1 . Warrant by wliich Henrj-, Viscount Sydney, Lord Lieutenant for
,„, the CO. of Kent, appoints William Campion, esq., one of his
K?i Deputy Lieutenants for the same co. Dated 5 Feb., 5 William
and ^17 (1693-4).

Annexed to which are lelters patent, dated 3 (month gnawed

away by mice), 5 William and Maiy, appointing Henry,

Viscount Sydney, Ijord Lieutenant for co. Kent, and giving

him authority to appoint deputies.

3. Rental of Woodhurst (now Wadhurst), containing long lists of

Is iiu names of inlinbitants or owners -of lands in Mousehale Quarter,

icminiT Jiispdei, Quarter, Fairecroiwh Quarter, Cooslywood Quarter,

Week Quarter, Town Quarter and Five Asli Quarter. No

date. 18tli Ctiutury. Koll of five membraneH.

3. Chirograph of a fine levied at Westniinster on tlie morrow of St.

u. Martin, 4 Anne (1705), between Richard Pilbeme, plaintiff,

uSi and Jamea I'lumer and Anne his wife, deforciants, by which

the latter remise and quitclaim to Richard Pilbeme and hia

heirs the moiety of 30 ac. of meadow and 60 ac. of pasture in

Selmeeton, alias Simpson. [Letd'n.]

140 DEEDS AND OTHER DOCUMENTS, ETC.

474. GhirograpH of a fine levied at Westminster on the morrow of the
j^ Holy Trinity, 11 Anne (1712), between William Boyce,
j^, plaintiff, and William Winton and Anne his wife, and John

Winton, deforciants, by which the latter remise and quitclaim
to William Boyce and his heirs, one messuage, 2 bams, 1
stable, 1 garden, 100 ac. of land, 5 ac. of meadow, 50 ac. of
pasture and 300 ac. of furze and heath in the parishes of St.
Peter and St. Mary Westout, Lewes. [^Latin.]

475. Duplicate of the preceding fine.

476. Chirogpraph of a fine levied at Westminster, in the octave of the
^. Purification of the Blessed Mary, 3 Geo. I. (1716-7), between

*h£' John Vincent, gent., plaintiff, and John Holney Wade, gent.,
deforciant, by which tne latter remises and quitclaims to John
Vincent and his heirs 3 messuages, 3 bams, 3 gardens, 10
acres of land, 16 ac. of meadow, 40 ac. of pasture and 5 ac.
of wood in Selmeston, Shermanbury, and All Saints in Lewes.
[^Latin,']

477. Will of Edward Stephens of Westfirle, husbandman, dated 21
^, April, 1 744 ; proved under the seal of the Commissary of the

^^1 Bishop of Cliichester for the Archdeaconry of Lewes, 14 Apr.,
1748.

SOME EXTRACTS, RELATING TO SUSSEX, FROM THE

EXCHEQUER SPECIAL COMMISSIONS AND THE

EXCHEQUER DEPOSITIONS BY COMMISSIONS IN 1584

AND OTHER YEARS; WITU NOTES AND REMARKS.

By ALEXANDEE JA3IES FENTON, Esq.

Amongst the many interestiiig- documents preserved at the
Public Record Office, not the least so, are tlie Exchequer
Special Commissions and the Excliequer Depositions
by Commission. The former were Commissions issued
from the Court of Exchequer to gentlemen in the
counties to make enquiries and take evidence concern-
ing riglifs of the Crown. The latter were Commissions
to take evidence in the country in suits depending in
the Court between subjects. The Commissions have
attached to them the Reporta made and the Evidence
taken by the Commissioners. Botli series of documenta
commeuce in the reign of Elizabeth, and descriptive
catalogues of them are imblishcd as appendices to the
38th, aOth, 40th, iUt and 42nd Reports of the Deputy
Keeper of Public Records. The catalogues show the
county to which each docunieut relates, but not always
the particular parishes or townships concerned. I have,
therefore, while inspecting tlicso documents in connection
with a particular district of Sussex, had occasion to look
at many that proved to relate to other places, I have
taken notes of some of the more interesting matters I
have thus come across, wliich notes I propose to give
here, hoping that they may be of service to those who
take interest in the antiquities of the places mentioned.

Most of the Commisfiions having reference to the rights
of the Ci'own, refer to lands claimed under the Acts

142 SOME EXTRACTS RELATING TO SUSSEX,

granting to the Crown the endowments of Monasteries
and Chantries, &c., or by forfeitures, or in consequence
of the encroachments or derelictions of the sea. The
** articles" or questions put to the inhabitants of Kingston
and Preston (near Femng) under one of these Commis-
sions show us the nature of the enquiries made as to
lands which had been the endowments of religious bodies,
&c., which lands when not in possession of the Crown
or its grantees or tenants were said to be concealed or
unjustly detained from the Crown. These "articles"
seem to be a set form of questions used in such cases. I
have not set them out verbatim, but they are to the follow-
ing eflfect, the spelling, of course, being modernised :

1 . Do you know of any lands, tenements, advowsons,
tithes, franchises, liberties, or hereditaments in your parish
or precinct that did appertain to any abbey, monastery,
or priory, that is concealed, &c., in whose occupation
are they, and what their yearly value ?

2 of any lands, &c., that appertain to any

chantry, stipendiary, priest, anniversary, hospital, college,
guild, fraternity, brotnerhood or company, not corporate
within, &c. ?

3 of any lands, &c., that did appertain to

any lamp-light, taper-wax, obit, or to maintain any
morrow mass or masses, alsoule mass, or pray for the
soul of any person or persons, or to say any dirge or
dirges, or to maintain any candle or candlestick before
any image or image oflfering, or offering hermitage or
hermitage, or to any kind of superstitious use or uses
that is concealed, &c. ?

4 of any lands, &c., that did or do apper-
tain to your church or chancel, or to the reparations of
them or any of them, or to your churchwardens or
parishioners. By what title the same is holden, by
whom it was given, and what are the words of the said
gift, or is there any feoffment or conveyance for the use
and employing of the profits of the same lands. If there
be any such gifts or feofl&nents, then in whose custody do
the same remain. And if there be no conveyance, nor
the churchwardens nO corporation capable, then in whose

FROM EXCHEQUER SPECIiL COMMISSIONS, ETC. 143

tenure or occupation are the same lands, and wliat is the
yearly value 1*

5 of any lands that ought to come to the

Queen's Highness by reason of the attainder or conviction
of any penK)n or persona for treason, murder, or felony,
within your parish or precinct, that is concealed, &c. ?

6. Do you know of any free chapels, tithes, guilds,
pensions, portions, lands, &e., belonging to them, or any
of them, that is concealed, &c. ?

7 of any lands, Ac, that ought to come to

Her HiglmesB by forfeiture, escheat, or by any other ways
or means ?

8 of any lands, &c., that is employed by

the churchwai'dens some time to one use, some time to
another, that in trust was given to superstitious uses and
concealed, &c. ?

The subjects of the Commissions relating to suits
between subjects are as miscellaneous u-s law suits them-
selves.

The following Notes, of course, are not exhaustive of
the information to be obtained from these Conmiissions.
They are mei-ely notes culled from a few of the Commis-
sions that I have seen, and arc insignificant in proportion
to the amount of information that might be obtained
relating to the whole county. Indeed, these docmnents
would well rej)ay a perusal by anyone desimu-s of inves-
tigating the history of any locality, and a systematic
investigation of the whole series so far as tiiey relate to
Sussex, and the publication of the results by tlie Sussex
ArchiEologicjil Society, would bo most useftil to archa;-
ologists. Very few, I believe, of the facts recorded in the
following Notes are to bo found in om- county histories.

The Italics under each heading are the references by
which the original documents in each case may be found
at the Public Record Office.

Ferbino, Kingston and Preston.

(Exchequer Sjtecial Cotnmiiiiom, Sussex, No. 2,296, 36 Elisabeth,)

This is a Commission for Enquiry as to Cliantry Lands,

&c.. in Sussex, concealed from the Crown. To it is

144 SOME EXTRACTS RELATING TO SUSSEX,

attached an ^^ Inquisition/' taken at Chichester by three
of the Commissioners — ^the ^^ Articles" to the Curate,
Churchwardens and other inhabitants of the chapebies
of Kingston and Preston referred to above — ^and the
*^ presentments " or answers made by them.

Kingston and Preston (according to ^^ Horsfield's
History" of the County), are distinct parishes, Preston
still having its church, though that of Kingston has
long since been destroyed and overflowed by the sea.
I have been told that the foundations of Kingston
Church may sometimes be seen under water at low tide.
"Bangston (says Horsfield^, is a constituent of the parish
of Ferring, as far as regards ecclesiastical matters." The
"Articles" suggest that Kingston and Preston were
only chapelries, and the Inquisition taken at Chichester
seems to substantiate that view, but the inhabitants of
Preston in their answers maintain that Preston was a
parish.

The Preston men in their answers say that there is an acre of arable
land which always hath been bestowed to the reparations of the church
there, but they have no conveyance of it. Preston is, as they account
it, a Parish Church to their knowledge, and did, and hath been so
taken and used, and hath, by estimation, 16 acres of land that was
given to maintain service, and did belong to the curate to maintain
service in the church. And the said curate did dwell in the said
parish, and did let and set the said land at his will and pleasure as
tiis glebe land of the said parish. And the Lord of the said Manor
did always appoint the curate there. And the said curate had all
small and petty tithes as to himself to maintain him to say the service
there to their knowledge. And (in answer to the 7th Article) they
say the curate did to their knowledge pay all duties belonging to the
said church. And (in answer to the Sth) they say it is a thinfi; with
cure of souls and hath always been so used till of late it hath been
detracted by John GK)dman (the Vicar of Ferring).

The Eangston men in their answer say that Kingston was ever a
free chapel and did belong to the Abbot of Tewkesbury, and he the
said Abbot did always appoint a curate there, and the said curate had
the land, being five acres by estimation, and did let the said land and
use it at his will and pleasure. And the Abbot did give to the said
curate out of the farm at Eineston for all kind of tithes the sum of £5
of lawful money yearly, and the said curate had all the small and
petty tithes of the other parishioners. And they had always service
there by the said curate, and the said curate had a mansion house
wherein he always dwdled, which house remaineth yet, which is
detracted by John Qodman.

FBOM EXCHBQCEB SPECIAL 001flfI88IOH8, ETC. 145

At the end of these pfeBentmentB 10 written :

" Kingston and Fralon men's mariu and seals sodi as have had
their being there aQ their lifetime/' ioHofwed hj the marks of Edward
OremeSy aged 80, John Caxter, aged 80, John Streeter, aged 70, John
a^d 60, and John '

The Inquisition above referred to was taken at
Chichester, 7th October, 26 Elizabeth (1584^ before
Thomas Lewknor, Esq., Richard Eamlie, Esq., and
John Sackyll, Esq., three of the Ck>mmis8ioner8, by
the oaths ot Hemy Butler, Rd. Hiberden, Wm. Mose,
Thos. Ayles, John Crowhurst, Thomas Lenne, Robt.
Hmnfiye, Thos. Pellet, Thos. Ellis, John Cooper, of
Elsted, Wm. Lenne, Rd. Egley and John Compton.
They say that —

A free chapel, called the Chapel of Kingston, a mansion house and
five acres of land in Kingston, with an annual rent of £5 for all tithes
of the Farm of Kingston, lato parcel of the possessions of the latelj
dissolved Monastery of Tewkesbury, in the county of Gloucester, now
or lato in the tenure of John Oodman, clerk. Vicar of Ferring, worth
per annum, 3s. 4d.

And one other free chapel in Preston, called Preston Chapel, and one
mansion house and 17 acres of land with appurtenances in Preston,
aforesaid, now or late in the tenure of John Oodman, derk. Vicar of
Ferring, worth per annum, 28. 6d.

And one other acre of land in Preston, now or lato in the tenure of
the said John Godman, clerk, worth per annum, 2d.

And many other lands in Sussex (see next Note) all are, and for
many years past, have been concealed from the Crown.

The Inquisition thus seems to determine that the
churches (or chapels) of Preston and Kingston, and the
" mansion houses " and lands were Crown property,
though having regard to the small amount returned as
the annual value ^Kingston, including a rent charge of
£5, being only valued at 3s. 4d.), perhaps the right of
presentation only, and not the actual lands was intended
as the property of the Crown.

The church of Preston is now in use as a Parish
Church. Kingston church (or its site) is, as I have said,
under the sea. It would be interesting to know what
has become of the ^^ mansion houses''^ and lands. I
remember Mr. Pennythome, formerly Vicar of Ferring,

146 SOME EXTRACTS RELATING TO SUSSEX,

showing me, some years ago, when I was examining
the Registers, a terrier of the glebe lands of his parish,
but unfortimately I had not then time to look through
it. Possibly it may contain some reference to the houses
and lands belonging to the former " curates " of Kingston
and Preston.

POYNINGS, PyCOMBE, MaNOR OF HuLTERS, StORRINGTON,
SUNFOLD, BiLLINGSHURST, PeTWORTH, MiDHURST,

Mynsted, Stedham, Elsted.

(Same as last Commission,)

The Inquisition mentioned in the last Note mentions
other lands concealed from the Crown besides those at
Kingston and Preston, though with scant information.
They are as follows : —

PoYNiNOS. — ^A bam, formerly a house, called Chantry House, and
lands there, and in Fycombe, late belonging to the Chantry of
Foynings. (Horsfield mentions the chantry and its endowments.)

Radtjlph's Ohantky. — ^The Manor of Hnlters and lands in West-
deane, Ohilgrove, Yaymard, Sloughton, Westidden and Walderten
belonging to Badulph's Chantry.

These places are in the Hundred of Westboume and
Singlecross (see Horsfield). The chantry was perhaps
in Chichester Cathedral.

Storrinoton. — ^Three acres of land in Storrington, worth 6d. a year.

Slinfold. — ^Two cottages or shops in Slinfold, worth 6d. a year.

BiLLiNOsmmsT. — One tenement and two acres, one cottage and half-
rod of meadow in fiillingshurst, occupied by Bichd. and G^os. Green-
field and Thos. Clarke, worth 16d. per annum. One acre of land in
Billingshurst, in the occupation of Eichd. West, worth Sd. per ftnunwi^
and one rood of land there in the occupation of Wm. Hayler, worth
2d. per annum.

Pbtworth. — ^Two shops in Petworth, in the tenure of John Fiye,
worth 6d. per annum. One acre of land in Petworth, called the church
acre, in the tenure of Mansfield, worth 3d. per acre. One tenement
in Petworth, in the tenure of Wm. Goble, worth 4d. beyond 68. 8d.
paid to the Queen for a free rent thereout.

MrDHTTBST. — A fraternity existing in Midhurst and all lands and
hereditaments in Midhurst and Mynsted, in the parish of Stedham or
elsewhere in Sussex, worth 6s. 8d. per annimi.

Stbbham. — ^A meadow in Stedham, by estimation, two rodsi wortli
2d. per annum.

PBOX EXCHBQUEB SPECIAL COMMISSIONS, ETC. 147

GuiBD. — One cottage and one acre of land m Elsted, vorth fid. par g
anmaa, is converted U> the use of the church of Elstod, bat wh^thar \
concealed from the Crown or not, the; (^the jurors) know not

Shobebau.

(Exckcqiicr Deponticms by CommUgion, Smtex, SS aftd S6 Car. II.,
Hit. Tervi, No. 7.)

The depositions of Frenchmen taken at the Lyon in
Steyning, 23nl December, 1673, iu a suit by John
Coetenrin against Sir Francis North, Kuiglit, Attorney
Gcnei-al, and Ricliard Forty. The Commissioners to
take evidence were Wm. Stras, Esq., Jno. Backshall,
Richard White and Samuel Turner, gentlemen.

" Adrian Poulleu," of " Deipe " (Dieppe) France, master of tlie St.
John of Deipe, de^ioBca tlmt Coatentin has been a merchant and
inhabitant of Dieppe for 10 j-eont past, and about November lust he
loaded several goods ware and merdiandise in the good ehip called the
St. John of Dieppe. The ship woe bound for St. Malooe, and witneaa
was master of her. He had in his keeping, passport, charter jiartj
and bills of lading. About Feckam (Fecamp) about 12 leagues from
Dieppe, in their psKsago to St. MaloAa, they were chased b; Dut«h

Ctteera, and thereui>on were forced to run unto a harbour at Shore-
, but never ondeaioured or offered to unload any of the goods out
of the ship at Shoroham or any other place. The defendant, Richard
Forty, whom the witness had known for five years, came on board aa
an oflicer, and with others, seized the goods therein for the King of
England's use and his own, and by his order the broad arrow was set
upon three packets in tlie ship. Witness showed his charter party and
bdls of lading to Forty, who detained his goods till last night when he
delivered them to Mr. Miobael St. Avorj-, according to an order of the
Exchequer, and they are now shipjied on boai-d.

James Cattel, of Dieppe, deiwses to having known the plaintiff
" Constantino " for 10 years, that ho loaded H sacks of " watta " and
five other email packets of other goods in the sliip which was chased
by two Dutch privateers and run on shore near Skoreham.

John Nicholett and Martin de Boc, both of Dieppe, confirm the last
witness.

They were no doubt the crew of the ship.

The most interesting point in the evidence is the state-
ment by the master that he had known the officer, Forty,
for five years. We may as«ume he was a Custom's Officer
who haa been stationed at Slioreham for that time, and
also that the St. John of Dieppe traded to Shoreham, as
the master had known the officer so long.

L 2

148 SOME EXTRiLCrrS RELATING TO SUSSEX,

COKEHAM (in SoMPTING PaBISH).

(Exchequer Depositions by ChmmissionSf 9 WiU. 111.^ iPmas Term,

No. 54.)

This is evidence taken at Nottingham, 18th Oct., 1697,
in a suit by Sarah Beauchamp against Doggett and
others. The parties lived at Nottingham. It only con-
cerns Sussex m that it appears that John Beauchamp,
of Reigate, Esq., the father of the plaintiff's deceased
husband, G^eorge Beauchamp, died possessed of the Manor
of ^^Cockham," in Sussex, and an estate at Reigate.
John Beauchamp had by his will directed these pro-
perties to be sola for payment of his debts and legacies.
The date of his death does not appear, but it seems that
George Beauchamp was his youngest son, and died at
Nottingham about 16 years before the evidence was
taken, aged 35, and 10 years before his death he com-
plained of the non-pajonent of his legacy under his
father's will.

The Manor of Cokeham now belongs to Lord Lecon-
field. The Court Rolls extant commence in 1736.

West Tarring; Marlpost.

(Exchequer Depositions by ComnUssiony Sussex^ 83 Eliz., Easter Term^

No. 8.)

This is a Commission to take evidence in a suit of
Eversfield v. Edsole. From the questions to be put to
witnesses it appears that the Queen, as Lady of the
Manor of Tarrmg Marlpost, had granted a 21 years' lease
to the plaintiflF to take away 1,200 "corde" yearly from
the copyhold land of the manor, and that when ms men
went to take the timber, they were driven off by the copy-
holders. Timber on copyhold lands, as a nue, belongs
to the Lord of the Manor, but in this case the copyhold
tenants claimed to be entitled to it. The defendant was
one of the tenants. The evidence was taken at Steyning,
7th April, 1592.

Thomas Sayers, yeoman, one of the tenants of the manor, aged SO,
says he hath heard that the Hundred of Loxfield and all the manors
within it at some time belonged to the Bishoprick of Canterbury, and
that the Manor of Marlpost was part of the Hundred. The copy-
holders of Tarring Marlpost, have always used, to his knowledge for

moM exc:he(jl'er special commissions, etc. 14:9

the space of threescore years, to take woods to their own uses upon
their eopjholds without any license or assent of any officer, and have
not been punished for any waste of taking the same. He never heard
otherwise but that divers of the tenants held their copyholds by entail
and allowed good and not contrary to the custom. He has known
tenants pull down part of their houses, fell and lop their trees, and dig
tlteir hinds for stone, without lieenae, and not puuished. He halli
heard that the " Bedle " or rent gatherer hath customably had for the
yearly gathering of the rent of Maripost five loads of wood out of
Marlpoflt Wood, the suninieiing of two beasts in oourte lands, and 8d.
for spur money, or else his dinner,

John Bevnaule, yeoman, aged 60, gives evidence to the same effect,
and iklsci says he has heard by a writing, called a Cu&tomnry, belonging
to the Hundred of Losiield, that the manor is part of that Hundred.

Edwaiil Lui.'k, 30, gives evidence as to Mayfield Manor part of
Loxfiold Hundred.

Rodger ICiugeton, yeoman, aged 74, gives similar evidence as to
Tarring.

Harry Edsoll, yeoman, 50, says The Homage when charged at Court

S'esented only the woods growing on Marlpost and Court lands as the
ueen's.

Ralph Pylfold, yeoman, aged 60, and a tenant of the manor, con-
firms the lant witness, and says that the custom is on death of eveiy
tenant to give a heriot and one year's rent for the fine, which is called
a relief for his admittance. The copyholders may alter their houses
and buildings, fell and lop trees on their cojiyholds, and dig stone and
not forfeit.

John Voyce, 46, a copyhold tenant, gives similar evidence,

John Leving, of Chichester, aged 70, gives evidence tending to the
contrary. He knows the manors, and has been Queen's woodward and
petty woodward those 20 yoais and upwards. He sold to Geo. Hall,
gentleninn, all the timber (except ok«n) on his copyhold, for which he
paid. He hath been in Court when tenants were presented for felling
timber witliout license. Tenants lave asked for timber for their
houses and fences, which lias been g:iveD by the stewaid and assigned
by the woodward, and they have paid for the tops. He had always
Bold dend trees and woodfalla on the copyholds.

John Hail, yeoman, 60, i

Richard Fuller, yeoman, 50, i Give evidence tending to confirm

Kobt. Overyngton, yeoman, 60, I Leving'e.

Roger Kjiistone, yeoman, 74, )

(Exclietjiier Special Commissions, Susnex, No. 2,812, 38 Eliz.)
This is a ConmuBsion to Henry Shelley, Esq., Thos.
BusshojJije, Ewq., Thos. Chiircber, Esq., — Spritigett,
gciitlunian and William Snij-the, gentleman, to examine
witnesses on the part of Rnht. Edsan and others, the
copyhold tenants of the Maiior of Tarring, ■within the

150 SOME EXTRACTS BELATINQ TO SUSSEX,

Tythinge of Marlepost. The writing of the answers is
very faded, and in most part illegible. The purport of
the enquiry can best be gathered from the questions
which were to be put to the witnesses. These were —

1. Are the tenants of the Manor of Tarring within
the tithing of Marlpost tenants in ancient demesne and
not punishable for waste by the custom ?

2. Have they used time out of mind to fell, cut down
and take their wood growing on their copyholds to their
own use?

4. Have they used to cole some of their wood and sell
the same in cole (charcoal) ?

5. Did they do so by license of the Lord and make
fine for the same ?

6. Was the Queen's Majesty, or were any of the
Archbishops, owners of the manor, ever lawfufly seized
of the wood growing on the copyholds?

Richard Hayberte, of Rusper, John English, Robert
Kingston, George Sarys, of Midhurst, and others, give
evidence which haa become illegible.

John Metcher, of Tarrmg, taylor, aged 61, says that the tenants of
the Manor of Tarring are tenants in ancient demesne and not punish-
able for waste by custom. The tenants of the manor in the tithing of
Marlpost have not been punished for any waste on their copyhold land
there, but whether they nave felled any timber or trees there he cannot
say for that his dwelling is at Tarring, 12 miles from Marlpost.

There are two manors at West Tarring, the manor of
" Tarring Rectory," formerly belonging to the sinecure
rectory and the Manor of ^^ Tarring with Marlpost." It
is doubtless to the latter that the above documents relate.
Marlpost is a district in the Weald, some miles from
Tamng, and in the parish of Horsham. It is a curious
circumstance that many of the manors and townships on
the coast here have or had detached districts lying in
the Weald. Lancing Manor is ^^ Lancing and Monts,"
Ferring Manor is " Ferring and Fure. Monks and
Fure being in the Weald. Broadwater Manor had land
in the Weald near Horsham, called Segewick (see Hors-
field under "Nuthurst"). The Court Rolls of Broad-

FROM EXCHEQtJEK SPECIAL COSIMISSIONS, ETC,

water show it to be a freehold of the manor, and it is
comprised in a detached portion of the paiish called Little
Broadwater. These districts, one may conjecture, were
originally taken for timber, which woxdd be scarce on
the sea coast.

The statement that Tarring Mailpost was in the
Ilundi't^d of Loxtield is rather confusing. No doubt the
Hundred of Loxiield Camden, in the Rape of IVvcnsey,
wliich included Maj*tield, an ancient palace of the Arch-
bishop of Canterbury was meant. West Tanking is a
Hundred of itself (see Horsfield), who also says that
the manor extends into the parishes of Horsham, lluspar
and Shipley, and a Court Leet is held within the manor
at which the headborongh is elected and receives a statf
and handcuffs from liis predecessor. Marlpost, Horsfield
mentions as a manor in Horsham parisli, and Horsham
he puts in the Hundred of Singleeross. In Subsidy
Rolls of 3 Car. 1. (^i and ^%l) Marlpost is placed as a
tything under tlie Hundreds of Tarring and Patcliing.
It was most likely originally a tithing or township in the
Hundred of Singleeross, but its later connection with the
Archbisboprick of Cantcrbuiy and the Manor of Tarring,
lead to its being mentioned, as in the Hundreds of
Loxtield and Tarring.

The right of the tenants of Tarring with Marlpost to
the timber on their hinds is, I beUeve, conceeded at the
present day, but not their right to minerala.

The manor was some years ago the subject of an
appeal case in the House of LiOrds. From the printed
evidence then read, it appears that the Court Rolls
commence in 1638, but there is an index which goes
back to a vejy early period. The customs were
"i-enowed" 7th October, 19 Kliz. (1577) by the oaths
of Roger Kingston, Ralph Quingiield (? Wingtield),
Thofl. Carpenter, Rd. Cook, Barnard Marwick, Thos.
Gough, Tlios. Humphrey, Thos. Hamper, John Grevet,
Thos. Sayres, Bryan Foyce (? Voyce), John Sndth, Wm.
Peirson, jun., Wm. Peu-son, sen., John Dennys, John
Fletcher, sen., Rd. Freeman als Short and Wm. Eaetou,

152 SOME EXTRACTS RELATING TO SUSSEX,

These customs diflter from the customs usually obtaining
in Sussex manors, and are aa follows : —

1st. That time out of mind the memory of man whereof is not to the
contrary, the tenants of the said manor, by copy of Court Boll, hath
done and ought to do their suit and service to the Lord's Court, and
that they ought to pay such rents as in the antient rentals are specified
or are otherwise due and accustomed, and for their duties as in the
said rental is particularly manifest and does there appear.

2nd. And if any tenant by copy of Court Boll of the Manor afore-
said shall purchase any lands or tenements of any such tenant that the
purchaser shall pay a fine at the Lord's will, and he that shall sur-
render shall pay a heriot his best living beast.

3rd. And uiat 5 acres and above ought to pav a heriot, and less than
5 a. ought to pay for a heriot, as appears in meir former copies ; and
if it be not expressed in their old copies, that then less than 5 a. ought
to pay five shillings in the name of a heriot after the death of every
tenant dying thereof seized.

4th. And that every tenant aforesaid, who shall make or devise
several surrenders (to wit^ shall surrender one yard land to divers
persons above da., the said tenants ought to pay several heriots as
aforesaid (to wit) their best living beast.

5th. And if any such tenant shall die seized, that his youngest son,
or if he shall have no son, his youngest daughter shall be his heir to
all the land, tenements, cottages and underwoods whereof such tenant
died seized, and if he shall have neither son nor daughter, that then
the next of his blood shall inherit the lands and tenements aforesaid,
and manor aforesaid (? in manner aforesaid).

6th. And if any tenant will let on lease his customary or copyhold
land or tenements, or any part thereof, that then every such tenant
shall come to the Lord's Court and there in full and open court shall
ask a license of the steward for the time being, to let, to farm the
premises, or any part thereof, for so many years, as he shall please to
let the same, and the steward ou^ht to grant him such license, paying
the Lord a fine for every year, 4d. sterling.

7th. And that the tenants, by copy of Court Boll, hold their lands
and hereditaments to them and their heirs in ancient fee, and not
at the will of the Lord, but then only according to the custom of the
manor, and that their copies are or ought to be so made.

8th. And if any tenant aforesaid shall die, his next heir shall come
to the next Court to be holden for the scdd manor, and there ought to
be admitted to all the lands, tenements and hereditaments whatsoever
of which such tenant died seized, paying the Lord only a relief accord-
ing to the ancient rent ; that is to say, so much as it pays by the year,
and for duty nothing.

9th. And every tenant of the manor, by copy of Court Boll, who
holds one, two, three, four, or more tenements or yard lands, and dies
seized of the premises, that such tenant ought to pay for the premises
only one heriot, and for every cottage, or anything under a cottage, for
heriot and relief, according to the old copies, and if it be not expressed
in the old copies, that then they ought to pay as aforesaid.

FROM EXCHEQUER SPECIAL C0MMISSI0K8, ETC. 153

lOlh. And if any eucii tennut shall die, the heir being under age,
then the mother of such heir, or tho father, if the inheritance descended
from the mother, slioU have the guardianship as well of the body as of
the lands and tenements of such heir, until he shall attain the age of
16 years freely, without paying any fine for the same ; and after that
the heir shall come to such age, that then he ought to be odniitted to
his lands and tenements to his own i^iroper use and behoof.

tUh. And if such heir shall have neither father nor mother, that
then the next blood to such heir, and the furthest irom the inheritance,
shall have the minority of such heir, and that smh heir, wlien he sJiall
arrive at the age of 14 years, may choose him his guardian, if liie
father bo dead, or his mother betrothed to a husband.

12th. And, lastlj', that the rehct of any tenant who sliall die seized
of ony such state of inheritance, shall be admitted to her widow's
bench freely, without onylhing to be jiaid therefor, and who ought to
hold the same as long as she shall hve chaste and unmarried ; and that
the heir dui-ing smh time shall claim nothing out of the premises.

The peculiarity of these custonif*, at least -wherein they
difi'er from the utmal eustunis of Sussex niauor^, i» in the
7th and Stli. The fines paid by copyholderK on adniitt-
anee to their copyholds, no doubt have their ongin in
the payments anciently paid by strangers on their
admission as mcnibtrs of a cumniuuity, in times when
the conimuuity held their lauds in common, and a man
bom in the eommunify was entitled to membership and
a share in the lands without payment. After the com-
munity became subject to the manorial n'ghts of Lords,
these tines were generally exacted fi*om heirs as well an
from strangers, but in flie case of Tarring the tenants
seem to have escaped fhi.s. The 7th custom also shows
that tlie tenants retained or claimed to liave a greater
freedom than was the lot of most copyholders, though
the form of admission on the rolls is the usual one, " To
hold at the will of the Lord," &c. The late Mr. Hubert
Lewis, to whom I communicated these customs, wrote
me with reference to them, as follows : — " The facts
certainly touch on the subjcet I have been enquii-ing
into, but how exactly, 1 can't say yet. The men were
tenants to them and their heirs and not at the will, and
yet on the roUs. That is according io my views, men
who had by some process of customary cntranchisement
obtained a 'soc' or freedom in their holdings, and yet
by reason of the decay of the institutions under which

154 SOME EXTBACTS BELATING TO SUSSEX,

their complete freedom would have been asserted and
obtained, and the growth of the power of the Lords they
remained on the rolls, and could only obtain a limited
freedom. They were villain socmen." Mr. Lewis had
devoted many years to the study of ancient laws, tenures
and institutions, and at the time of his death had nearly
completed a work on the Ancient Welsh Laws and then*
bearing on the origin of English manorial customs and
tenures.^

Shokeham.

(Excheqtier Special Commissions^ StisseXj No. 2^278^ 17th Eliz.)

This is a Commission directing the Queen's Receiver
of Rents to enquire as to concealed lands in the Manor
of Old Shoreham.

He reports that he has been to the Manor of Old Shoreham, which
is parcel of the Dutchy of Cornwall, and finds no lands there concealed
from the Queen, except that Mr. Hooke, as it seemeth, the procurer of
the said Commission, alledges that 27 acres of marsh ground, called
Shoreham Marsh, ought of right to appertain to Her Highness for that
as he alledgeth the same some time hath been surrounded by the sea.
Very true it is that until about 20 years past the same ground was
** overflowen " at every spring tide, and between tide hath been used
by the tenants and inhabitants there as a Common, as they say, in the
right of their several holds, '' sythence " which time the said tenants
and inhabitants at their proper costs and charges have inned and
recovered the same, whereupon they made division thereof amongst
themselves, apportioning every man according to his hold and [in
recompense] of the charge he had been at in the inning, which being
evictea from the said tenants and proved concealed is worth yearly to
be " letten " after the rate of [blotted, ? 8d.] the acre.

West Takeing, Durrington and Heene.

(Exchequer Depositions by Commission^ Sussex, Easter Term, 1652,

No. 11.)

This is a Commission directed to Sir Edward Alford,
Knight, Henry Goring, Esq., Henry Bridger and Thos.
Barnard, gentlemen, to take evidence in a suit by Wm.
Stanley, Clerk, against Robt. Weston, Matthew Peter
Richard Fielder and John Easton.

The Commissioners sat at Tarring to take the evidence
on 29th April, 1652. The suit appears to be for tithes.

1 Since published by Elliot Stock.

FBOM EXCHEQUER SPECIAL COMMISSIONS, ETC. 155

he defence was that the plaintiff liad neglected his
duties at Heene and Durrington. The Duirington
people also claimed to be dischai'ged of tithes by paying
a modus of 20 nobles (£6. Kis. 4a.), which was pi-obably
substantiated, as that is all the Vicar of Tarring received
from Durrington at the time of the Commutation, and it
is still paid. Wm. Stanley seems to have been a staunch
Loyalist and to have got into trouble in conscquenee.
He was sequestered by the Parliamentary Committee.
One of the witnesses called is John Fletcher of Steyning,
aged 27, who deposes to having searched the Ijook
remaining with Mr. Thos. Sheppard, at Horsham, who
was Clerk to the late Committee of Sussex for Seques-
tration, and produces a copy, made by permission of
Freeman and Yates, two of the Committee. The copy
is annexed to the depositions. The copy is as follows,
the spelling being modernised, and the verbiage slightly
reduced : —

At tlie Coniniittee nt Shipley, 24th. and 25th June, 1644.

Fur as mutli as it ia sufficiently piiivixl that Wm. Stanley, Vicar of
TBrring, hath wiHiDgly coatributod aid and assistance to the Forces
and Annies raised against t)ie Parliament, and that he did often times
about Christmas last, during the timea the King's forces in arms against
the Parliament were poasessed of Arundel Town and Caatle of Arundel,
repair to tlio said foi'ueit and held earresiiondent-e with tJieni, and that
he procured from Sir Edward Forde, then one of the Commanders of
the said Foitjes and Anny, and Sir Edward Biahojip, a sequestration to
be granted to himself to sequester the Estate of w'm. Cook,' of Heene,

fentleman. And did thereafter divers times repair to the dwelling-
oufle of the said Mr. "Wm. Cook to view tlio goods of the said house,
and gave charge to the children of tlie said Mr. CiHjk tliat they should
not convey away any of the said goods out of the said house. And
told tliem they must take an inventoty of the estate of the said Mr.
Cook and lake it to Arundel Castle to the said Sir Edward Forde and
Sir Edward Biahoppe. And it also apjieared, and the said Wm.
Stanley, Clerk, did confess that he had been at Arundel with the said
Army and that he had a promise that he should have a commission to
be a Captayu of Dragoons, and said that he would eo again to Arundel
for his said commission. And also that he, the said '\\m, Stanley, did
move and stir up men to take arms to oppose the forces raised by the
Parliament and did speak to diverspcrsons to join with him and serve
OS dragoons under him to go lie at How Court to oppose the Parliament
forces, and to keep them from coming over Shoreham Ferty.'

5 purrhnatd by Thomnii Cook, Esq., in 1557 (stit

156 SOME EXTKACT8 RELATING TO SUSSEX,

It is ordered that lie stand sequestered and his estate, real and
personal, be seized and sequestered according to the Ordnance of
I^arliament for sequestering the Estates of Delinquents and Kecusants.

The Questions to be put to the Witnesses on behalf of the Plaintiff
were : —

1. Was the Plaintiff laducted to the Vicarage of Tarring in or about
1638 ? Did he serve the cure there till Easter, 1648, and likewise the
two Chapels of 'Ease belonging to the same Parish called Durring^n
and Heene ?

2. Did defendants occupy lands, gardens and orchards in the Parish
of Tarring and Village of Heene ?

3. How many calves, lambs, kidds, colts, hens, turkies, geese and
other beasts and wool, milk, cheese or other small tithes had defendants
within that time, and what might the said small tithes be worth ?

4. Did not the Vicars of Tarring time out of mind officiate the cure
of Durrington at 1 o'clock every Sunday by saying prayers only and
administering the sacraments twice or thnce in a year? And at Heene
to read prayers only forenoon and afternoon every Sunday in the year?
And did plaintiff not constantly perform the same till the Book of
Common Prayer was taken away and the said Chapel demolished ?

5. Do you know that plaiatiff was sequestered from the said Vicarage
and that the inhabitants of Durrington were ordered to pay to the
Committee of the County of Sussex £6. ISs. 4d., a year's rent, due to
the plaintiff, and usually yearly to be paid to the Vicar of Tarring in
lieu of small tithes ?

The questions to be put on behalf of the defendants
suggest that he reviled and spoke maliciously to them,
when they came to the Sacrament, and that if any people
in Durrington did pay tithes in kind it was very poor
people, who were constrained by threats and fears.

The witnesses state that Stanley was instituted to the
Vicarage of Tarring about the time named.

Thos. Betting, of Tarring, yeoman, aged 60, says Stanley officiated
imtil Easter, 1648, and officiated within the time aforesaid at the two
Chapels of Ease called Durrington and Heene only three years and
upwards within that time did neglect the duty of officiating there.
Witness knows divers of the Vicars of Tarring did constantly by them-
selves or their curates officiate the cures of Durrington and Heene, but
Stanley did sometimes neglect it before the Book of Common Prayer
was taken away and oftentimes since.

Willm. Fletcher, of Tarring, yeoman, aged 50, says Stanley seldom
officiated at Durrington and Heene. Divers Vicars of Tarring before
Stanley did by themselves or their Curates oftentimes officiate the cures

* This ferry was near the site of the present Old Shoreham Bridge. How Court
(called by Horsfield '* Howcroft ") was a manor in the north part of Lancing at
the west side of the fezxy.

FROM EXCHEtiUER SPECIAL COMMISSIONS, ETC. 157

of Durrington and Heena upon Sundays, but the hours wore uncertain,
but Stanley seldom officiated.

Thomaa Taylor, of Tarring, yeoman, aged 49, says Stanley sometimes
olBuiatod at the Chapels.

John DoUegg, of Tarring, clerk, aged 55, says he was present at
Stanley's indudion. For six years iJieure he did usually officiate the
two Chapels of Ease, and for two years after did totally neglect
officiating the cures of the said Chappele. Mr. White, the previous
Incumbent, did for four years before Stanley's induction usually
officiate the cure of Durrington about 1 o'cliwk every Sunday by
saying prayers only, and administering the Sacraments twice or thrice
a year. Stanley went from Tarring about 1648,

Walter Weston, of Amberly, yeoman, aged 6-1, saj's he knew Stanley
since lie came ti) Tarring, and knew tho defendants many years before.
Has known the Villages of Durrington and Heene ever since his
remembrance, and also the two Chapels of Durrington and Heene,
the cures whereof have ever since his remembrance been served and
officiated by the Vic^ra of Tarring. They or their curates did usually
read the book of Common Prayer in the said Chapels, and administer
the Sacraments, and sometimes preach also, and do all other such
duties, except burying, as occasion was. The parishioners of Durring-
ton did usually pay to such as officiated the cure there 20 nobles only,
and no other tithes or profits, but at Heene the parishioners pay tithes
in kind. Witness has been out of the parish 1-1 years or more.

William Fletcher, of Tarring, mercer, aged 50, says that Stanley
being absent from his cure, one, Mr. Bradford, was ordered to officiate,
and he was ordered to receive in the Parish of Tarring and Villages
of Durriugton and Heene £30, or thereabouts, of which, he believes,
defendants paid their parts or sliarea.

Elizabeth Weston, of Salvington, widow, aged SS, says the cures of
the Chapels have antiently been accustomed to be officiated by the
Vicars of Tarring and their curates, by administering the Sacraments
and reading prayers, and oftentimes preaching ami doing all other
Church duties (burying excepted), but the cures were often neglected
by Stanle)', and not performed by him as often as by others before him.

Elizabeth South, of Salvington, widow, aged 45, saya Mr. White,
Stanley's predecessor, usually did the Chapel at Durrington himself,
by preaching four times a year at least and Sacraments, and other
times his clerk and his curate read the Book of Common Prayer.
Stanley neglected much, and when he did perform he sometimes read
and performed in the same so that the people cimld not hear him read
so aa to understand tho same. Once he gave notice of a Communton
at the Chapel of Durrington next Lonl's Day, and when they came he
told them lie wonld not administer till they paid him his dues, and
none of the parishioners received the same at that time.

Edmund Ed wanls, of Durrington, yeoman, -16, says Durrington paid
20 nobles, and dt.'fendants paid their share, but the 20 nobles bad not
been naid since defendant neglected the

Kiobard Knight, of Heene, yeoman. 47, says Heene Chapel bad
been served by the Vicars of Tarring by all Church duties, except

158 SOME EXTRACTS RELATING TO SUSSEX,

burying, but Stanley neglected. Stanley was sequestered. The Oom-
mittee sent witness a warrant to remove Stanley's goods. Stanley was
away, and for a year no one officiated at Heene, but Mr. English and
Mr. Bradford did at Tarring.

The Townships or Tithings of Heene and Durrington
are accounted distinct parishes, though annexed to
Tarring in ecclesiastical matters. Durrington is stiU
served by the Vicar of Tarring, but Heene, the greater
part of which now constitutes the modern town of West
Worthing, has been separated from Tarring, and some
years since a new church was built on the site of the old
chapel. Both townships are in the Hundred of Bright-
fora, which includes Broadwater. The Lord of Broad-
water Manor has a Court Leet for the three tithings of
Broadwater, Worthing and Durrington, from which places
alternately the headborough or tithing-man waa cnosen
imtil the Court Leet ceased to be held, some years ago.
Nearly the whole, if not the whole of Durrington,
including its Hamlet of Cote, was held (until recent
enfranclusements) either as copyhold or freehold under
Broadwater Manor. Heene does not appear to have
been connected with Broadwater. There was, I believe,
a manor or reputed Manor of Heene, but I have not
hitherto found any record of any tenements having been
held of it. There were, however, lands in Heene held
under the Tarring Manors, and one tenement imder
Lancing Manor.

The way in which the lands, held under different
manors in this part of Sussex are intermixed in several
different townsmps is most curious, and I hope some day
to lay a paper on the subject before the Sussex Archaeo-
logical Society. The arrangements of the tithings,
hundreds, manors and parishes clearly show that the
early civil division of tithings and hunareds was ignored
in the growth of manors, which must have taken place
in a great measure by commendation after the dissolu-
tion of the common tenure by the commimities. The
Ecclesiastical Divisions, or grouping of the tithings or
towTiships into parishes, equally ignored their civil
positions under the hundreds.

FBOM EXCHEQUER SPECIAL COMMISSIONS, ETC.

The ruins of Durrington Chapel still remain sufBcieut
to show us the ground plan of tlio building, and a cou-
siderable part of the walls is standing. The stone
dressings are gone, but from the long narrow window
openings, with their wide splays, one may atti-ibute the
building to the Early Englisli style. It seems elear fi'om
the depositions in the suit by Stanley, that the chapel
was "demolished" between the yeaj-s 1648 and 1652.
The Rev. Dr. Bailey, Vicar of Tarring, has in his posses-
sion the silver chalice which btslonged to Dunington
Chapel.

Very little is now left of tlie ruins of Heeno Chajjel,
only the extreme east end, which i« just at the east end
of the chancel of the new chm-ch. Some of the old
chapel, including a handsome stone window, was pulled
down many years ago, but within the memory of persons
still living, because it had become dangerous. 1 wo old
yew trees and a row of other trees still point out the
com-so of the old Farm Koad, which went by the west
side of the cliapel. The old font is now used as a
flower stand in the garden of a house near, called "St.
Gabriels." According to Horsfield, a faculty was obtained
for taking down the thai)el in 1766.

There is in Heene a i)iece of land, three roods in
extent, called " The Hundred Acre."

I have seen the following documents, but taken no
note of them beyond that tliey relate to ]>laces named :

FiWTiNGTON, East Wittkring, Bjrdham, Littlehampton,

FeLPHAM, MlDDLETON, NoKTH StOKE, ThAKEHAM,

Bartholomews — Brighton, and Tobtington.

(Exchequer Special CommUsions, Sussex; No. 2,276, 16 Elii.)

Rye, Winchelsea.
(Excheqtwr Special Commission, Sussex, No. S,4d3, 14 Car. II.)

Heene, Liitlehamiton, St. Bartholomews — Brighton,

SOUTHWICK, I'OKTSLADE, WesT GrINBTEAD AND OTHER

PLACES.

(Exohtquer Special Commission, Sussex, No. 2,269, 2 EHz.)

DISCOVEEY OF ROMANO -BEITISH REMAINS
NEAR GREEN STREET, EASTBOURNE.

By H. MICHELL-WHITLEY, Esq., P.G.S.

In making excavations for a new drive from Upwick to
Green Street, in the spring of 1891, some interesting
Romano-British remains were discovered, about half a
mile to the north-west of the Parish Church and about
the same distance south of Green Street Barn.

Mr. R. J. Graham, in his ^^ Eastbourne Recollections,"
states that ^^ The Valley to the north of the Old Town
has been studded with a great number of buildings. My
old fiiend. Major Willard, informed me that the plough
never in his younger days traversed this land without
turning up foundations and revealing old wells. The
old road used to follow the track through the valley,
which is now only a bridle road to Ratton.

This statement induced me to keep a watch from time
to time on the progress of the excavations. Several
small circular pits, about two feet across and the same
in depth, were first found, containing shells and mould,
and, in one instance, a portion of a chipped flint celt and
some fragments of rude pottery.

But the most interesting find took place at the spot
already mentioned ; here a pit was found of a rough
L-shaped form whose dimensions are shown on the
annexed plan.

The pit was roughly about fifteen feet in length, from
four to six feet broad, and about four feet deep ; it was
roughly lined with stones set upright, and the floor was
also partially paved with large flat stones.

In the centre of the floor of the pit was a large worn
stone of oblong form, two feet by three feet in dimensions.

PLAN OF ROMANO-BRITISH PITS,

NEAR 6REEN8TREET, EASTBOURNE.

7' . 0'

^'e^'

A FOOT ABOVK
BOTTOM Of fi T.

APART

3'.0' A

J.J

THE POBTIOM HERE A
FOOT ABOIfE BOTTOm OFPiT

SoaZe^ of Fe^.

3 4-
■J u

=1=

T- .. , r

DISCOVERV OF ROMANO- BWTISII REMAINS. 161

This stone had evidently been subjected to long con-
tinued and intense heat ; it was reddened by this action,
and was set in clay baked by the Hi*e, and tragiuents of
stone covered with «oot were found around.

The stones lining the side« of the pit were rude ones
from the bencli. One, howevci", appeared to have once
funned part of a Roman millstone, from the dressings on
the surface ; tliis was set with its face to the earth.

In the two cii-cular hollows at the north end a quantity
of ashes and some bmTit corn were found.

A small extension of the pit, about two feet above the
floor, was apparent at the south-east.

The contents of the pit, when cleared out, comprised
the following : —

1. A ])ortion of the bottom of a bowl of Sammn ware.

2. A chalk spindle whorl, H-m. in diameter.

3. A pieiio of chnlk, rudely carved.

4. Some lai^e iron naila and some fni^iieuts of iron.

5. A cirfular disc of melted lead and tin, about Sj-ins. in diameter

and 2-in8. tliiiik, that had run down into a hollow at the bottom
of tlie pit.

6. A small piece of eopiwr.

7. A portion of a patera of a light blue colour, of very elegant
shape, 6-iuB. in diunieter aud S-ins. deep.

H. A little bowl of re<l ware, 3J-i)iH. in diamet(>r and l^-in. deep.
9. Some fi-agments of bastard Saminn ware.

10. The neck and iipi>er jwrtion of a jug of rude pottery, with

handle attached.

11. Fragnieuts of a largi- Amphora in coarse red potterj% unglazod.

Ill addition, the pit contained a quantity of broken
pottery, mostly apparently Upclmrch ware. Some fi-ag-
ments nt' a pale gi'ey colour were oraamented with
smoothed bands on the rough ware. Some of the black
ware had diamond i)attems, but the greater quantify
was plain. Some of the pottery was of a light cream
colour.

Bones of the horse and ox, with limpet, mussel and
oyster shells, and bm-nt corn, were also found.

Ab<jut twelve feet from tliis pit, to the south-west,
another was discovered. It was seven feet long, about
tliroe feet wide, and four feet deep, the longer axis l)"ing

162 DISCOVERY OF BOMANO-BBITISH BEMAINS.

from S.E. to N.W. This pit had been covered over by
a layer of compacted earth, about six inches thick.

The pit was carefully cleared out, and the contents
examined. These comprised some long flat-headed iron
nails (some clenched), a few little sandal nails, a portion
of a small bottle of Koman glass, a quantity of fragments
of pottery (including some Castor and Upchurch ware),
pieces of iron, broken flints, limpet, mussel, oyster and
snail shells, and a quantity of bones of the horse and ox,
but no hiunan bones.

Some few stones on edge were placed around the pit,
and one small one was found laid flat on the floor.

Mr. Frank Haverfield, F.S.A., of Lancing, who care-
fully examined the pits and their contents, is of opinion
that the larger one is a rude dwelling-place, lined with
stones and rudely paved, whilst the central stone was
used as a hearth stone ; and in this opinion I concur.

From the quantity of ashes, the marks of fire on the
stones, and the fused metal found, it would seem probable
that the dwelling was destroyed by fire.

The smaller pit found adjoining is probably sepulchral.

Other Romano-British remains have been found close
to this spot.

I am mformed by Mr. William Costick that when the
pond at Green Street was being dug several urns and
some pieces of Samian ware were found, and that when
flint digging, pottery and rude foundations are constantly
being found by the workmen. Further researches in
this district will probably therefore result in the discovery
of more remains of interest.

NOTES ON THE TRADITIONAL CONNEXION OF THE

SUSSEX AND THE GLOtJCKSTEESHIRE FAMILIES

OK SELWYN.

Bv TiiE Rev. E, H. CODMNaTON. D.D.

{ViCAH op WADIrtrBUT, StSSBlL).

When, after long association in New Zealand and
Melanesia wntli the Bishops Selwjni, father and son, I
came into this County, it was a matter of interest to me
to find luyseU" in the part of England in which the
Selwyn family was hclieved to have had it« rise. I found
that, though the epitaph of the last of the Friston family
speaks of the "iiltimus Selwinorum," it wan from that
stock that the vigorous branch which bore the late Bishop
and his bi-others was believed to spring. During the
jiast autunm I liad opporhmiticfii of enquu-ing into the
subject, and I ask for my conclusions a place in your
"Collections."

I find that, Jjesides the identity of name, the con-
nexion of the Gloucestershire Selwj'ns of Mafson and the
Sussex Selwyns of Friston is based upon tradition and
upon a common coat of arms. The name is said, and no
doubt truly, to be a form of Silvanus, of which another
form is Sau-in. Of course, the conmion possession of a
surname wliich has been a Christian name argues by itself
nothing for the common origin of any two families that
bear it ; there may be a common origin or there may not.

The traditional connexion of the two Selwyn families
is mentioned with particularity by Aubrey, who says of
the last Abbot of ilalmesbury that " he was uncle to old
Sir Thomas Selwyn of Sussex;" but the pedigree of
the Sussex family shows no such Sir Thomas. In the

164 NOTES ON THE TRADITIONAL CONNEXION

" Records of Matson and of the Selwyn Family," by
Rev. W. Bazelev, a paper read before the Gloucestershire
Society in 187o, the tradition is said to be that ^' John
Selwyn, eldest son of Thomas Selwyn of Friston, probably
owing to some incident in the Wars of the Roses, was
driven jfrom Sussex into Gloucestershire;" but it is added
that no authority can be found for such a statement ; and
the pedigree of the Sussex family shows no such John.

It appears to be certain that there were Selwyns in
Sussex at the beginning of the 14th Century ("Arch.
Coll.," XV., 211); and that the Selwyns who were at
Selmeston at the beginning of the 15tn Century settled
at Friston in the same century, and remained there till
the family became extinct. In Gloucestershire, Fosbroke
mentions Robert Selwin in the 13th Century; and William
Selwyn, ancestor of the Matson family, obtained lands
from the Abbey of Gloucester in 1516, and his son again,
Richard, had a lease from the Abbot of Malvern, in 1537.
The last Abbot of Malmesbury was probably brother of
this William (^'Records of Matson," above mentioned).
Here then, at the beginning of the 16th Century, are
Selwyns in Sussex and Selwyns in Gloucestershire, of
ancient standing, without any connexion of family that
can be shown. /

I now come to the proof, or corroborative evidence,
iven by the common arms borne by the Sussex and
rloucestershire Selwyns. A writer in " Sussex Collec-
tions," Vol. XXIV., says that the Sussex family '' on
heraldic and other grounds is probably a branch of the

feat Yorkshire family of Salvin;" but as, upon enquiry,
find the arms of the Yorkshire Salvins and Sussex
Selwyns wholly unlike, I may pass this by. The Friston
and Matson Selwyns certainly bore the same anns ; and if
these arms came to them both by inheritance the evidence
of a common origin to the two families would be very
strong. But I find that the arms borne by the Friston
Selwyns were granted to them in May, 1611, being the
same with those borne by Abbot Selw)ni a hundi-ed years
before. If it can be shown that the Sussex Selwyns bore
these arms before the grant of 1611, my argument and

OF THE FAMIUES OF SELWYN. 165

its conclusion fall ; otherwise it is clear that the origin of
the Sclwyn coat is in Gloucestershire, not in Sussex.

I proceed to show a probable origin, guided by a
remark of Aubrey's. The last Abbot of Malmesbury
was ''Robert Frampton, alicis Selwin" (the last Prior
was John Codrington). It is well known that members
of religious houses were named from their place of birth ;
the Abbot then was by family Selwyn, by birth-place
Frampton. The Abbot s arms (shown on ms seal) were
on a bend cottised three annulets, a bordure engrailed ;
these have been borne by the Gloucestershire Selwyns,
and were granted in 1611 to the Selwyns of Friston, and
of Essex. Aubrey remarks on the likeness to the arms of
the ancient family of Frampton, viz., argent a bend gules ,
cottised sable. The Abbot was a Selwyn undoubtedly,
not a member of the Dorsetshire family of Frampton;
but he appears, naturally enough, to have founded his
aims upon those of the I? rampton family. His relations,
the Gloucestershire Selwyns, as they rose into the rank
of county gentry, would naturally take his arms; the
same arms were granted in the 17th Century to the
family of the same name in Sussex.

I conclude, therefore, that the Selwyn family of
Gloucestershire, members of which in the last and
present century have made the name well known, has no
connexion that can be traced or proved with the Sussex
family once flourishing at Friston.

GUNDREDA, COUNTESS OF WAEENNE;

A PARTING WORD ABOUT HER.

By sir GEORGE DUCKETT, Bakt.,

GOIL&BSPONDZNO MbXBBR OP THB SoCCfcTi DBS AnTIQUAHIBS DB NoKMANDDB, &C., &C.

** Uncertainty is the mother of confusion^ ^ (as observed bj Lord Chief Jnstioe
Coke), and ** he might have found in Fahehoodf another parent for confusion."

Sir Harris Nicholas, ** Chronology of History," Preface xi.

"// ne faut pas eveiller chat qui dorty^' and controversial
subjects, like " sleeping dogs " (that equivalent saving^,
are, as a rule, none the better for being disturbed. Of
all the disputants in the field respecting the birth and
parentage of Gundreda, Countess of Warenne, there is
not one probably who does not think but that he has
thoroughly solved the new-fangled mystery attached to
this question. Strictly speaking, and looking at the
subject dispassionately, there are but two points which
concern the matter at all, the facts, namely, that Ordericus
Vitalis names Gundreda '' Soror GherhodiJ' and that
William de Warenne, in his second foundation charter
of Lewes Priory, designates Queen Matilda the mother
of his wife, "mater uxoris mecsy The last point cannot
be disputed, and although verified by the Conqueror
himseli, who calls her ''Jilia mea" in his charter to the
monks of Walton, can well rest upon its own unquestion-
able merits and authenticity, without further verification.
The first and main question, therefore, regards the sup-
posed relationship which some English antiquaries have
assigned to Gundreda with Gherbod the Fleming.

l^w, the sense in which Ordericus Vitalis has named
her " Sister of Gherbod," has never been properly grasped
by the ^eater part of the antiquaries of this coimtry,
mainly, if not entirely, due to their imperfect knowledge
of the French idiom, and the strict analogy existing in
construction and idiom between the Latin and French

OUNDHEDA, COUNTESS OF WAEENNE.

lan^ages ; an analogy so great, that whereaw an EngKsh
Ktuacnt in many cases rackn his brains to come at a
meaning, tlio Fi'ench scholar seizes the Latin «?nse of
a particular woi-d or passage at once, and distances the
Saxon's rendering, hotli in exactness and in all want of
amhiguity. Tliia too fflight knowledge of their similarity
in construction, and the perfect diHsimilarity existing
between the Anglo-Saxon and Latin tongues, have been,
we believe, the main cause of the real difficulty, and
this commenced with Dugdale. Whether the failing be
admitted, or, on the other hand, denied out of sheer
stubbornness and conceit, the real trath has bj-oken in
upon some, and upon om-selves in particular, and we
cannot drop our i)ou for good without placing on recoi-d
the subjoined opinion, emanating from, perhaps, the
first antiquary ot the day. True, the subject has been
undoubtedly thi'eslied out, and has become stale and
uninteresting; yet lust(n-ic truth demands its solution.

Ordcricus Vitalis was edited for the French Goveni-
ment by the present Director-General of tlic N'ati<mal
Library of France, M. Leopold Delisle. That eminent
man has long been the highest authority not only in his
own country, but in Europe. He is not only, it may be
safely said, one of the fii'st of its Latin scholars, and of
living archaiologists, but as editor of the Ciu-onicle of
Orderic Vital, no other existing authority could be so pre-
eminently qualified to pass an o])iuion on the remai'kable
and idiomatic use of tlie word " soror," as scmr (/c lait
employed by that liistoi-ian. His opinion is given in the
subjoined letter. It is, in fact, on that very word (as
observed) that the whole question turns, for it has been
fi-om their idiomatic ignorance on the part of English
controversialists, that the enmiciation of everj' imaginable
aud wild theory has had its origin, in the attempted
solution of the matter. His words are as follows : —

[CorT.]

UoXSIKL'R,

J" suis i^irii ft t-rniro quo v

Paris, le 29 jam, I8B6,
L' A'lmi uUtratpur- General.

8 ileux exiimplaires ie votre diseertation.
s avKE r&ieon de |)r^nt«r "Oherbodus "

168 GUNDREDA, COUNTESS OF WABENKE.

comme le frire de lait de '* Gutidreday Je ne manquerai pas de faire
connaltre et de recommander votre travail dans un prochain cahier de la
Biblioth^ue de I'Ecole dee Chartes. La question que tos avez trait^e
int^resse autant I'lustoire de Normandie que I'lustoire de la Grande
Bretagne. Le arguments que tous avez si habilement pr^sent^ ne
doivent pas rester inaper9us de ce c6t6 du d^troit.

Je me permets d'etre un peu moins s^v^re que vous pour notre Orderic
Vital. J'aime beaucoup cet auteur, depuis que j'ai achev^ I'^tion de
son Bjstoire, publiee il y a plus de trente ans par la Soci^t^ de I'Histoire
de France, en 5 vol. in 8°. Orderic, comme tous les chroniqueurs, peut
se tromper sur quelques details ; mais nulle part ailleurs nous n'avons
im tableau aussi complet et aussi vivant de la soci^t^ anglo-nonnande
du temps de Henri I^.

Avee mes remerciments yeuiUez agr^r, je tous prie. Monsieur,
I'assurance de mes sentiments les plus distinguds et les plus d^vouds.

(Signed) L. DELISLE.

Now, the opinion of such an authority is not to be
disregarded; it will be considered everywhere, save by a
few, perhaps, in this country, as final. Viewed in that
light, the oifficulty regarding '^ foster-sister" might well
be considered settled ; besides being above all flatly
contradicted by William de Warenne himself, who may
be presiuned to have known his wife's parentage, and
what he asserted, when he calls Queen Matilda " mater
uxoris mexB^ If by any possibility Gundreda had been
the sister "6y blood'' to Gherbod, that person must
also be of necessity aflfiliated to the same mother. Queen
Matilda. Such a conclusion is not only ridiculoiLs, but
too outrageous ever to have been entertained, or listened
to, however ingeniously one theory or another may have
been invented to meet a matter which certain modem
antiquaries have questioned without any foundation.

We shall further endeavour to show, we hope success-
fully, that Gimdreda having no blood affinity whatever
with Gherbod the Fleming, was probably the eldest of
Duke William's children by that same Princess, the
daughter of Baldwin, Count of Flanders. In truth,
nothing more fallacious respecting Queen's Matilda's^
early history could have been possibly imagined, neither
is anything more certain, than that Dugdale, (the first,

«*«"H« AxchflBological Collectionfl," Vol. XXVIII. and Vol. XXXIV. ;
■^Mteunlaiid P nsactions," Vol. III. ; " Yorkshire

GL'>fDREDA, COUNTESS OF WAKENNE.

169

probably, of English HiitiquaHeK,) was not on such inti-
mate terms with tlio French language as to be able to
sec that " soroi-" in niedia-val Latin, as nhowii even in
itH different compounds, liad a wider meaning to the
French mind.

AsHuniing that nio^t reasonable people will acquiesce
in the pi-obable theory of "/unterat/f,"'^ there would
i-enuiin, we tliink, but one more question to settle, or
living within reasonable distance of settling, the second
j)oint in the argument.

Wliile the controvei-sy was gt)iug on some time since,
we assumed, or rather suggested, the possibility that
Gundi'eda was the Conqueror's eldest child, and all things
go to show, after the twistings and tumingn to wliicb the
matter has been subjected, that the Countess Gundreda
dc Warenne was really a daughter of WiUiam, Duke of
Nonnandy ; in fact, one of the earliest, if not the very
eldest cliild, by Matilda of Flanders, Slie thus stood in
the eyes of tlie Clim'ch, in rewpect of legitimacy, which
never seems to have been called hi question, in the same
position as KoWrt, William, Ricliard, and others, bom
after the Papal interdict and the Council of Rheims, or
before the usually assumed dispensation of 1059 by Pope
Nicholas H., and the eonfinnation of their man-iago.

No one denies, we l)elieve, the authenticity of
Gundreda's epitaph (commencing " Stii-ps, Gundreda,
Ducum"); how she died on the sixth of the Calends of
June {1085), and this fact, dating from the time of Duke
William's (subsequently iuterdieted) marriage in 1047,
would cause her age at the time of her death to have
been :16. Her husband died in 1088, on the 8th of the
Calends of July. This age of Gundreda tallies, more
or less, with tne journey (or pilgrimage) detailed by

mniu our l.hoory of "fotterage," (
but bT waf or improving upon it, he Mig-gcBls thut Clhcrbod {tent.) nui}- tiarn
twn the *' jHilative " father, i^iiitc rrgardlcs* of the fact that one who. aa vito of
Wllliasi. C>mtc do \S'iin>nDt In France, and Ir cWwhere «^I(^ " ComitUia."
wiUimxii with biTV mother. Uuccu Uatflda, and her brother, William Itnfus, (tip
Conituuror'B Conflnnation Charier to 1.gw«« Priory, would nerer bavc bevo tfaiM
adroolatMl, had *hv Hprmg from on; doubtful (or ignoble) orig^. Sw orfeiiial
Cunllnuation Charter of Ia'wi'r IMoiy b; tbe Conqueror (lIona«tiron ClnniaccuH-
AiigliumimiJ.

170 GUNDREDA, CJOUNTESS OF WARENNE.

WilKam de Warenne, undertaken W himself and his
wife to Rome (MS., Cott. Vespa., F. XY.f The date of
that occmrence is fixed beyond any question in some
year between 1073 and 1077, for their progress was
arrested by the war then going on between Pope Gregory
VII. (Hildebrand) and the Emperor of Germany. The
former of these two did not succeed to St. Peter's chair
until 1073. Assuming Gimdreda, therefore, to have been
the first-bom child, she would have been about 26 at
that period. We know from William de Warenne's own
charter how, when their progress was thus arrested, they
both turned their steps towards the Abbey of Cluni, with
which they were so enchanted, that they determined
upon founding a house of the same order to the honour
ot St. Pancras on their return home. Hence the priories
of Lewes and Castle Acre.

There is every reason, therefore, for assigning 1047-8
as the date of Gundreda's birth, for if assiuned to have
been bom many years later, she would have been scarcely
marriageable, or have clashed with the recorded succes-
sion of the Conqueror's other daughters.

Let us consider a few facts in corroboration of that
date.

The marriage of Duke William was imposed upon him
when quite a young man* by the advice of his Court
and suri'oundings. On the authority of the Corpus
Chronicorum Flandriae (L, 552), the date of that marriarge
has been assigned to 1047.

The Conqueror's chaplain, William of Poitiers, if his
history is to be taken chronologically, mentions Duke
William's marriage shortly after the taking of Alen^on
and the affair of Domfront, when he caused the flight of

• Will'mus de Warenna, primus comes SurrcgiaB, et fundator ecclesi© Lewensis,
diem clausit extremum 8 Kal. Julu, amio Gr'sB 1088, et fundacionis ecdedad
predict® undccimo, k conquestu 23. (Ashmol. MS., 844, fo. 32 ; Register of
Lewes Priory.) Domina Gundreda, filia Conquestoris, et uxor Will*mi de
Warenna, vi partus cruciata apud Castelacre, obiit 6 Kal. Juuii, anno Grati^B
1085, anno 3 ante yirum suum, jacetque sepulta in Capitulo Lewensi cum conjuge
BUG (Aflhmole).

* He was eight jears old when he succeeded his father in 1036, and was con-
ft^wiililj bom in 1027-28 (William de Jumidge). He was in his 60th year (ferd

' i) when he died (id.)

QUNDREDA, COUNTESS OF WARENXE. 171

Geoffrey Martel, the Duke of Anjou; equally also before
the revolt fif Williaui of Arques. The coiitemporai-y
historian, William of Jumi^ge, (See Appendix,) corrobo-
rates the same event, and places it shortly after the
battle of Val-des-Dunes, (between Caen and Avranchcs,)
and that event decidedly occun-ed in 1047,* if not in
1046, according to other testimony." Ho then forth-
with records as the next notable event,^ the marriage of
William of Normandy with Matilda, daughter of Baldwin,
Count of Flanders, and tlieir public entry into Rouen.
It happens also that Jnnnediately after tlic battle of Val-
des-Duncs, William do Jumifigo records how William
fortified Ambri£ires, near Mayenne. This occuiTence
coincides exactly in point of time with the Roman de
Rou,* when it records the same mamage as the suc-
ceeding event, and be it observed, Junii^ge in two
places expressly states (lib. vii., c. 1) that he records all
events "m order of date;" a fact of the veiT first
importance. The foregoing eWdence of these three
chroniclers is sufficient, at any rate, to show (hat the
Duke's maiTiage with JIatilda of Flanders may be safely
placed in 1047-8, and nearly contomporarj' events seem
to verify the same. It was taken up by tiie Council of
Rheims under Pope Leo IX., in 1049, and then pro-
nounced illegal on the score of consanguinity. It
undoubtedly took place before that Pope's accession in
1048, for as a pious reformer be brought that and other
similar matters befoi-e the Council, as one of liis first acts
on succeeding to the Papal chau- in that year, and his
enthronement in 1049. It has been assumed, but on no
certain grounds or evidence, that the uiterdict had pre-
ceded the maniage, but a close reference to the chroniclers
and different authorities will not support this. William
of Jimii^ge a-ssertf," and William of Poitiers verifies or
admits, that the man-iage foDowed at ovcc after tlie first
proposals, and before any objection was raised on the
score of consanguinity. It is even admitted by one,*"

• Gemet, Ub. Ti!., c. IT. • Rodibii de Rnn, M. PliHiUet, ii,, 58.

' Dwiid, ■' Uictory of Frnuw." " Ub. »ii,. c. 21.

T Oomut, Ub. 8, u. nL " NormanConqucBt(Freinuui),iii.,pp. 8.'i,90.

172 GUin>UEDAj ODUITTESS OF WARES5E.

who SLmigns 1053 as the date of the marriage — ^but for
that date there is no conelusiTe eyidence — ^that "an
interval of some years" took place between the first
pfToposals and its actual celebration. It is implied Tat
p. 90-91, iii., Norman Conquest), that the Rheims prolii-
bition was rescinded, or supposed to haye been rescinded
four years later, viz., in 1053-4, and that then the said
marriage took place; but this supposition again (which
emanated, we believe, from the late Mr. StajJeton), must
be erroneous, for had such been the case, there would have
been no object in the subsequent dispensation of 1059.
In support of this, it is assumed that pressure was brought
to bear for such purpose on Pope Leo IX. at that very
date, for the Normans were then engaged in hostilities
against him in the South of Italy, and he was moreover
a prisoner in their hands. The story has an air of pro-
bability, but the subsequent course of events, and the
dispensation six years later, quite prove it unsubstantiated.
One thing is perfectly certain, that William of Normandy
disregarded the interdict of 1049 from the very first, and
set it at nought for many years.

It is stated, in proof of this, by W. de Jumiege — and
the fact shows that the interdict by the Council of Rheims
in 1049 went for very little with WiUiam — that the
validity of the Duke's marriage continued to be ques-
tioned, and was frequently brought to his notice by the
ecclesiastical dignities of Normandy." This opposition
was stimulated and supported by the Primate, Mauger,
the Archbishop of Rouen. He was the Duke's uncle,
being brother of the Count of Arques.^^ Under succeed-

1050 we Ktill find the same archbiBhop witnesning with Odo, Bi*ihop of Bareux,
and others, the Charter of Re-con»truction or Re-foundation of the Abbey of 8t!
Evroul of Ouche. Now, William de Jumiege affirms (lib. vii., c. 1) that he relat<^
all facts of hifl history, ** in order of time,^^ and the next noteworthy event rt^lated
Ijy him after the retirement of Mauger is the Battle of Mortemer, which occurred
in 1053-4. It must hare been, therefore, somewhere in ia51-2 that Mauger was
icanored, to he wm zeplaoed hv v-«-imiiB soon after in the ArchiepLscOT)ate of
.^ «~ ««d that Ptf in 1054-5 a council at Rouen on the

'f the errors of B^ranger. Mauger,

GUNDKEDA, COUNTESS OF WARENNE. 173

ing eccleBiastics also the name censure long continued ;
it ia even asHerted that Nonnandy was laid under an
interdict by the Pope in consequence,^" and it was nut
until after Lanfi'anc, the Pricir of Boc,'* had been first
sent to Rome to espouse the cauae of the Duke, that a
fonnal dispensation was obtained, and this was gi-anted
by Pope Nicliolas IL, in 10-39. W. de J. affirms that
tliG initiative in these jn-oceedings was taken by the
Duke, but the disnensation is also recorded in the
" Ijife of Lanfi-auc, the credit of the act being thereiu
attributed to him. The words of William de Jumi^ge
are — '* Willolmus Dux, duni a quibusdani religiosis
(Lanfranc and others), sjepius redargueretui-, co quod
cogiiatani suam sibi in matrinionio copulasset, missis
k'gatis, Romanum Papain super hac tv. coiisuluit ;" whilst
on the other hand the passage in the " Life of Lanfranc"

reads thus : — " cuin enim illegitimas hujus

principis uuptias ajiprobare reuuisset, obtinuit ut res
ad Romanum ix)ntin('ein refei-etur disponsationis gratia,

quani ille " (Vita Lanfr.) Jumi^ge state.s how

the Duke took this stej), in consequence of frequent
allusion to the subject by his ecclesiastical surroundings,
and even goes so far as to say, that the Pope retrained
fi-om pronouncing a divorce lietween them, seeing that
in such case a war would inevitably ensue lx)tAveen
Klanders and Nonnandy. The two passages, at any rate,
prove that the solemnization nf a mariiage in 1053, had
such ever taken ]ilaee at all, ftjr wliich we have no pi'oof,
was in no way more legal in the eyes of the Clim-ch
than the mai-riBge of 1047-8. The result was that he
received the Papal absolution, but as an atonement for
tho cruno, the foundation at Caen of two monasteries
was imposed, that of St. Eticnne on himself, and tho
other of the Holy Tiinity cju Matilda.** This liistorical

thiTpfow, If rcmovi-d iil>cutiUii({ to WiUliun nf MolnipabuiT' [Itb. iu.) nt tlic Iiuttiuuv
ot Mnlilttit, for invr-islitn^ Bgolnst d mnrriBgi' wlikh had alrtady taki-a pliu't.'
toaie time bark, rauld scnrcdf thux hare octod iii nwpcct ot a inamagc iu ICkSS.
whiin h(i no lonfccr wua Primate ; bat, on the othrr hnnd, mii^ hnro tolcpii excrp-
tiou ta a morriogn of nit earlier date, Tix,, in 1047 -S,

I* Vit. 7juifr, f., 2«8 : Chron. Dm^cenMi. 198,

I- Vitn Untr. 1.. 1(89,

" (Icmet. Ub. Tii.,c. i!6.

174 GUNDBEDA, COUNTESS OF WAHENNE.

fact speaks for itself, showing the conditions on which
the dispensation was granted, and that any intermediate
rescincung of the interdict of 1049, must be purely
imaginary. As regards the monastery foimded on that
account by Matilda, we know that in 1081 she was there
buried, and that the Princess Cecilia, her daughter, was
its superioress long afterwards. Lanfranc, subsequently
Archbishop of Canterbury, and a monk of Bee, was the
first Abbot of the St. Stephen's of Caen; whilst in 1087
the remains of William himself were there deposited, in
the church of his own foundation.

The effect, of course, of a marriage illegal in the eyes
of the Church, was to render the whole issue of such match
up to ^apparently) William Rufus, bom out of wedlock,
according to the rules of that Church. To this category
belonged those, we take it, preceding that Prince, who
succeeded to the Crown of England, however, not as
heir, but by the *^ appointment" of his father, viz.,
Gundreda, Kobert Courte-Heuse, (so infamously treated
by his brother after Tinchebraie,) William, Richard, and
Henry I.

These facts tend to show that many of William of
NormandVs children were born, not only prior to the
dispensation of 1059, but before the imjp/ica prohibition
was rescinded in 1053, which is alleged to have led to
the marriage in that year, and that the early married life
of William and Matilda was passed under these question-
able conditions. We have no reason, however, imder
such circumstances to suppose, that if Gundreda had
been the first-bom child, she would in the eyes of the
Church, have been bom more out of wedlock than the
others up to 1059, nevertheless, according to our showing,
she was undoubtedly bom prior to the interdict of 1049,
and this may, or may not, have affected her individually,
more than tne rest of Duke William's issue.^®

^ The precise date of Duke William* s marriage must always in the absenoe of
further proof remain open to question, and this of couse affects the respectiTe
births 01 his children.

The date of the marriage of 1053 emanates (as we have observed in a former
paper) from the Chronicle of Tours (Chron. Turon, Bouquet xi., 348) ; the earlier,
and assuredly more correct date of 1047 from the Corpus Chronicorum Flandito ;

GUNDRKDA, CDUNTKS.S OF WAItENNK. 175

The foregoing evidence should, we think, be fairly-
taken as conclusive of the position which hae always
been assigned to Guudreda, as the daughter of tiie
Conqueror, and for aught that we know to the contrary,
ati a Princess of the blood Royal, by those living nearer
to tlie tiuies under notice, 1 ne Silence on the question
of lier patemity dui'ing the course of so many centurie«,
is oi' itself a proof that no doubt had ever existed on the
subject until recent days. Kven Sir Francis Palgrave
not only ignores the uncon-oboi-ated and monstrous
theory which had been set up by Mr, Stapleton, but
proclaims its fallacy by not allowing it to interfere with
the course of liis history." The Conqueror in his charter
to the monks of Walton names Gmidreda his daughter
"uxoris suiE Gondvadan, JiliiB mece."^^ W. do Warenne
calls Queen Matilda tlie mother of his wife " mater uxaris
vu-ie." She is named sLster to Henry I, " Matilda . . ,
mater Henrici Regis et Gundred® comitiswe ;" and as the
Contjueror's daughter in speaking of William de Warennc,
" cujus _^/iam desponsavit." If these pieces of evidence

whilst Orderic Vital U «utipoiied b; eoine to OMaiga 1003 as the yenr ; but in such
diTerBcncio*, the probabilitiee must be kept alone in view, and merit the only
oonsiaeralinn, the tnio and likely time being infaircd thcrefiiDiu.

Ueiii]r, oftonirDrdt Kiiig, Ib wUd to Imre b<*n boni at Relby iu 1008 ; William
Rufus w loss. The Bge o( out dnugrhter Cecilia may be detemiiiiHl from tlio fact
thut when a child Ak was dedicnttKl to the Church on the altar of the Holj Triuity
tuunded by her mother. Whether this tooV jjloce before thut tnonastcry's coaiie.
ontloa In 106fl(thc year of the Xorman Invasion], or in the year of ito foundation
i* not orideiit, bnt the fact shuWH that fiw wns bom in the year of, or after, the
itiapensation of 1050. Lastly, with regard to another daughter, Agatha, who had
bwu botrotbed to Harold, had that I'rinctsB bncn the of^ipriug of a marriage m
lute as una, ulie would b«ve beeu far too joung to hoTi- Inspired any emotion iu
hiiu, or t-ie* I'fTWl to hart' enCortaincd tactvelf any laftlng affection for Haiold.
Now Uio datu of hu> Tint to Williom'K c-ourt vt» in lOliH, and auch wan the date of
tlivir botrothnl. These matten^ all tend to the (.'onricliou that Uundreda wb« the
flr»t-boru child.

" Sir Francis Palgrave wait Deputy Keeper of the Public Records, and author
of " Hiiitory of Normandy and England,'* 4 Vols., 8vo.

" There has been a erent amount of noawnse concocted ou the subject of this
charter. Iu Its preseiS state it in very mu'ch defaced, and that it has long beeu
' " " t from the fact that the two wards " filio mee " were rewritten ofter

ptu^lal dtoecment. Rir Ricliord Bt. George, no mean herald, made a copy of thti
Tcry document, and it cxiiit« in the Bodleian Library. Had these ynitit been on
iutorpolutian or subsequent false iuj^-rtion, for which, to tay the len«t. there could
1X1 no object, would that diatinguishcd herald, wc u«k, have overlooked the nutter f
He mode the transcript of the orginol upwards of JOO yean affo. It is quite a
qumtion, therefore, whether the said words had at that time become illegible.
(See Appondix.) Sir It. St. Owrgc woh fLrst uppointe<i to the College of Arms,
t. EUraboth.

176 QUNDBEDAy COUNTESS OF WARENNE.

be placed in juxtaposition, the fact that the Countess
Gundreda was simply nursed at the same breast with
Gherbod is apparent. Why should such a conclusion be
discarded as unlikely ? The Princess Anne, daughter of
James II., afterwards Queen of England, had a foster-
mother named Susannah, the wife of an Irish gentleman
connected with the household of James II., when Duke
of York. Posterity might as well endeavour to maintain
that Queen Anne was sister by blood to one of this
person's sons.

APPENDIX.

Apparent trifles often carry presiunptive evidence
with them. We lay stress on and quote the Norman
Chronicler, William de Jumi^ge; also the Herald, Sir
Richard St. George. Two things are worthy of remark
regarding them. One of the MSS. (for there are several)
of William de Jumi^ge's "History of Normandy" in the
Public Library of Rouen, has the first or initial letter
illuminated, and exhibits the Chronicler in the act of
presenting his work to the King. Another MS. of the
same History Tnow in the Harleian Collection, Brit.
Mus., [MS. Harl., 491,] belonged at one time to Durham
Cathedral Library; and at a subsequent date was in
possession of Sir Kichard St. George, Norroy.

These citations show on the one hand, that Jumi^ge
compiled his work during the Conqueror^s life, that he
dedicated it to liim, and that unquestionable reliability
may be placed on what he asserts.

On the other hand, that the MS. of that Chronicler
should have been in Sir Richard St. George's possession
is fair evidence, that this Herald was versed in the History
of the Conqueror, and that when copying that Monarch's
charter, entertained no doubts or misgivings whatever in
respect of the now disputed words ''Jilia mea"

These two matters are stated by the late Sir Duffus
Hardy in his *' Chronology of British History."

DaX)RT.\NT DISCO\TiRY OF ANGLO^AXON
REMAINS AT KINGSTON, LEWES.

Compiled by JOHN SAWYER.

What may be fairly described as one of the most
imiwrtant antiquarian discoveries made in the county
since the formation of the Sussex Archieologioal Society
(in 1846), took place during the yeai' 1891. It occuiTed
wtiile excavations were in progress in connection with
the erection of a house (now called "Saxonbury "), by-
Aubrey Hillman, Esq., and in laying out the grounds
surrounding it. The site of tlie finds is in the parish of
Kingston, near the west end of the parish of Southover,
in a field at the rear of the Sussex Ai-tillery Volunteer
Depot, almost close to the Brighton and Lewes railway
line.

The remains, speaking generally, may be pronounced
Anglo-Saxon, with some few exceptions, whicli will pre-
sently be noticed; but whether, taking all the circum-
stances into account, the discovery points conclusively to
the existence of a regular Anglo-Saxon cemetery may be
open to question, since there are some particulars which
might be regarded as indications that the field was the
burial place of a number of warriors after an engagement,
in which victory remained with the Saxous.

The discoveries wore not made all at once, but at
intervals that extended over several montlis, accm-ding as
the work pi-ogrossed. It will Ije necessarj-, therefore, in
the following account to piece together a number of
detached notes supplied by diff'erent members of the
Sussex Ai"chffiologicaI Society. Mention should, how-
ever, fia'st be made of the services rendered by Aubrey
Hillman, Ksq., the owner of the site; since that gentle-
man not only iufonned the Committee of the Society as

178 IMPORTANT DISCOVERY OF ANGLO-SAXON

soon as the first interment was discovered and kept the
officers informed of every firesh find, but in the most
generous way presented the weapons and other objects
found to the Society. These remains have since been
carefully arranged and labelled by the Hon. Curator
(C. T. JPhillips, Esq.), placed in a glass case specially
made to contain them, and inscribed with the donoi^s
name. The special thanks of the Sussex Archaeological
Society were unanimously voted to Mr. Aubrey Hillman
for his valuable contribution to their museum.

In consequence of the indisposition of the Hon. Curator
at the time of the first discovery, the unearthing of a
few interments was superintended by B. C. Scammell,
Esq. (now of Dover, but then resident in LewesV by
whom the accompanying rough sketch plan ana the
following notes referring thereto, were supplied : —

Spears foimd with Nos. 1 and 9 (the latter bent).

Waives „ n 5, 6, 8 and 9.

Urn „ No. 4.

Shields ,, Nos. 5 and 6 (on centre of skeleton).

No. 1, in a contracted position, on right side.

No. 8, left arm across body, apparently interred with knife in left
hand.

No. 9, left arm crossed on breast and left leg bent.

No. 9, in cist excavated in chalk to depth of 10 inches. All the
graves appear to have been fillea in with large stones and
earth, rammed hard.

The skeletons near the house were covered very superficially, the
earth lying on a more elevated and sloping surface, having^
been denuded by cultivation in former times, but they were
all probably deposited below the surface of the chalk.

The fig^es and weapons are not drawn to exact scale on the plan.

On the 5th April, Mr. C. T. PhiUips described the
discovery of the eighth skeleton, and remarks: — ^^ The
body had been laid east and west, the right arm parallel
with it, the left forearm inclined across the body.^ The
bones of the upper part of the trunk and the skull had
entirely perished (although shown in the sketch), the rest
of the skeleton partly so; but ''near the spot where the
head would have rested was found a knife with tang
(much corroded).'' This was the only object found. It
was not until the month of September, 1891, that any

PLAN OF SUPPOSED SAXON CEMETERY,

KINGSTON, LEWES.

■r

HOUSE

•ft

ft' f

<
o

^
k

■IT — "

SCALE OF FEET

. 1 « JP . « »

III

■C SC*".H OtL.

REMAINS AT KINGSTON, LEWES.

iurther finds occun-ed. Writing on the 12tli, Mr. Phillips
says: — " Another skeleton was found at the usual depth
(«onio 18 inchea), lying east to west (feet E.), the ehalk
behig scooped out to receive the head. An iron knife
wan among the bones of the left hand, which had been
jilaced across the thigh. Part of an iron knife blade
and handle (mediicval':') and a small green glass bottle
(lip slightly broken), apparently an unguent bottle, or
Bo-called lachrymatory (Roman 'Q wore found near. The
flkidl was somewhat long, brittle and broken."

Uming the months of .September, October and Novem-
ber, tlie work of levelling portions of the field at
"Saxonbury" was proceeded with, and many additional
dificoveries were made. These were carefully recorded
by Mr. Philhpa, as will be seen by his .subjoined notes : —
'* 38th September. — Some 30 yards east ti-om house poixh
and a little beyond spot where fonner interments were
found, three skeletons were discovered lying E. and W.,
and about 18 to 24 inches from sui-face, in rubble chalk
and mould. The middle skeleton, which was, the men
said (but this may be an exaggerated estimate), nearly
seven feet long, had on the left side a broad two-edged
iron Hwoi'd blade, 3 feet 1 inch long from point to end
of tang, 2 inches broad at hilt, lessening to 1^ inches at
point; the handle had perished, but the blade was in good
condition, by it (tang end) were tw(t tjronze tags, size and
shape of arrow-heads, flat on one side, ridged
with dotted line on other, the butt-end having
a cut or slot ^ inch deep, with two rivet.s in the
same plane as the blades, and an ornamental
object, oblong in shape, and resembling a sUde
with rivet tln-oiigh the back plate and three
rivets at each end, an iron knife, large tlun
ii'on stud of shield, and an ii-on strap, with
rivets at each end, being the handle (across
"umbo") of slueld. A clear idea of the
mode of sepulture adopted may bo gained
by a glance at the accompanying illustration
fi'om "Grave Mounds and their Contents," by
L. Jowitt, Esq., F.S.A., page "209. Two iron knives oidy

180 IMPORTANT DISOOYEHT OF ANGLO-SAXON

were found with the other two skeletons, and near them
a small lump of bronze. Some six pieces of wire (iron)|
one or two twisted at the end, were found lying over
the pelvis of skeleton, but these may be modem. A
large brass Nurembui^ token and three smaller coins or
tokens (modem) were also found.

^^ Wednesday, 30th September, 1891.— A little further
east than the former, another skeleton was found, lying
somewhat S.E. ; the skull by pressure had been very
much flattened, but the lower jaw, with teeth in sound
condition, was perfect ; close below it were found half a
bronze clasp with hook, and two holes for attachment,
and ornamented with pattern, a small bronze rivet, and
a small circular stud, or possibly a brooch. Against the
left hip a brass double ring, the larger ring about l^ inch
in diameter, from its position probably part of sword-
belt. No knife was found with this bunal, but near it
another skeleton appeared to have been, but if so it had
entirely perished ; an iron knife and small piece of iron,
exactly resembling the spring of a fibula, alone remaining.
If this conjecture be correct, fourteen biirials in all have
up to the present time been discovered.

^^ 2nd October, 1891. — The 15th skeleton was removed
under my direction ; it lay some 30 yards east frx)m
house, parallel with and slightly north of the last found,
it lay oue E. and W., and was of average size, the bones
being brown, the skull turned towards right, and flattened
by weight of earth, teeth of lower jaw much worn ; on
the right of it was an iron lance-head, 7 or 8 inches long,
and on left an iron arrow-head, l|-in. long, both socketed,
at right of body (waist) was an iron knife, and resting on

f)elvis was a very fine perfect iron umbo of shield, with
arge rivets or studs, and inside it an iron stmp or handle,
rivetted at each end, but it broke away in dearing out
the earth ; the heads of the studs were slightly larger
than a shilling. A similar rivet was found outside teft
thigh, and upon or outside left thigh a bronze ring, with

Eart of the metal attachment for fastening it, probably, to
elt or shield. On the knob of boss of xrnibo there are
traces of white metal (query, could- it have been plated

REMAINS AT KINGSTON, I.EWES. 181

with HilvGr or tinned ?). Some faint traces of the grain
of the wood of which the shield was made were adhering
to the rim and studs, and the latter seemed to have Ijeen
'clenched' through small brass rings, just as is now done
with boat nails.

" 5th October, 1891. — The men this day uncovered no
less than six gi-aves, throe of which were entij-ely empty.
The sLxth grave was being examined when I arrived ; on
the left side of arm was found an iron spear or lance-head,
9 indies long, socketed, and of a somewhat different shape
to those found before, and near it an ii-on knife. Upon
the right side was the socket of another lance, the blade
having perished. These were the oidy remains found
witli tins interment, wliich was a jard or two east of
that last found, and parallel with some of those found
this day, all lying as before E. and W. The other
remains found were a very fine two-edged iron sword,
3 feet long and from 2% inches to 3j inches broad fi'om
ornament at end of tang to end of chape, tliat and the
mouth (hilt) of a bronze-bound scabbard being attached
to it, the gi"ain of the wood of wliich it was made, as well
as of the ivoiy (narwhal ?J liandle being clearly jwrcep-
tible, the iron socket (only) of a lance, a knife much
rusted, an iron implement (y), a bronze brooch, 1^ inch
in diameter, with small pattern within a ring, and a blue
glass Ijead. From this female ornament being found,
the question is BuggcKted might not the three interments
which contained no arms, be those of women ? The total
number of buiials now amount to 21.

"October 6th, 1891. — Twenty-second biunal, fomid
slightly tiirtherE., lying E.andW.; bones nearly perished,
and no relics. Twenty-tliird skeleton found in attemoon ;
Messrs. E. CunHffe, H. Giiffifh, A. Hilhnan, C. T. PhiUips
and J. Sftwvcr saw it uncovered ; it lay a little further
E. and N. ttan foi-mcr. It was thought to be that of a
woman, as only two bronze brooches were found right
and left of where the cliin once rested ; the head was
inclined to the right. A ti-ngment of a bronze dish, or
of some shallow vessel, a small cylinder of lead with hole
at end for Buspcnsion as a weight, a thin piece of bronze

182 IMPORTANT DISCOVERY OF ANGLO-SAXON

(bent), possibly part of scabbard, a knife, a portion of a
bone gouge, ana an iron stud of shield.

^^ October 7th, 1891.— Five burials found (28 in all),
from 40 to 43 yards E. of porch, all lying E. and W.,
the legs of the 25th (2nd) being crossed ; Nos. 24, 26
and 27 being parallel, with some three feet between each
interment ; No. 28 farthest E. and close to hedge. The
first skeleton found (No. 24) had a sword, 2 feet 1 1 inches
long and 2 inches broad, near left thigh ; traces of grain
of wood of scabbard in two places. Spear-head, long
leaf-shape (like the two first found), R. of head ; knife
(R. arm) with two small pieces iron, 2 inches long, lying
at right angles to the tang, and a small iron buckle centre
of body at waist. This interment was some two feet deep.

^' No remains were found with the other four burials,
and judging from the thinness of the skidls and small-
ness of tlie bones, they were possibly females.

^^ Among the loose soil a piece of the neck and lip of
a small glass bottle (Roman unguent bottle?) occurred."

In all, as nearly as could be reckoned, 32 burials must
have been discovered, all being found within an area of
about 130 feet by 50, and, with slight variations, as will
have been noticed in the detailed reports, the bodies lay
from east to west, facing the east, it is now impossible
to determine how far tne line of interments onginaUy
extended. Remains were found close to the N.E.
boundary of " Saxonbury," but the N. wall abuts upon
a pubHc highway, formed long ago, and known as
'' Jugg's Road" (see '' S. A. C," Vol. II., page 293 note,
and Vol. XIII., page 26 note). It would oe interesting
to learn whether any record exists that discoveries were
made during the construction of this road. It will
be observed also that only a single specimen of pottery
was found, the urn mentioned by Mr. Scammell (see
age 178 ante)^ probably a " food-cup," some 6 inches
igh, and the same in diameter, black in colour and
medium thickness, globose in shape, without foot or any
external marking or ornament ; it was, unfortunately,
broken, but enough remains (some three-fourths) to show
its shape. The fact of one of the skulls displaying a

REMAINS AT KINGSTON, LEWES. 183

mark as of a sword cut, and one skeleton being found
minus the skull, may perhaps be accepted as indicating
that "Saxoiibury" was the scene of a conflict; hut the
presence of supposed female remains among those of the
warriore is dinieult to account for, ludess upon the sup-
position that it was a cemetery.

The sword in scabbard (see page 181, ante) exactly
resembles two Saxon examples tigm-ed in Planche s
"Costumes." He«ides the bead mentioned {on page 181,
aii/e), three others were found ; one of bhie glass of large
size, the perforation being about an eighth of an inch in
diameter ; another of dark gi-een glass ; and the third is
of amber and is large and uTegulai-ly shajwd. This
lost, liaving been found Ijetween two brooches, may be
thought to have been used originally as a female aaoni-
ment, worn suspended from the neek.

Two small shells, perforated as if for use as ornaments,
were also found.

In levelling and spreading the excavated eai-tli, tlie
workmen recently found a veiy curious bronze, leaf-
shaped, pendant ornament, bearing a very rudely-
designed and executed di-agon, which, from one or two
remaining fragments, appeare to have been thickly gilt;
half a bronze buckle, and a bronze ornament, whiiih may
have been attached to the end of a belt. It may also be
stated that some of the bronze brooches, and ornaments,
above mentioned, bore sUght evidence of having been
gilt. A piece of burnt clay was also found, showing the
impressions of withes, or rods {Wattle and Daub).

Tliis discoveiy at " Saxonbiuy," it will Ix' seen, is not
only impm-tant in itself, but also opens a wide field for
dis(Mi8»ion to those who are interested in the study of the
past, especially as, with the exception of the discovery of
what in all probnbihty were Anglo-Saxon remains in
18;J0, in lowering the London Road at South Mailing
{described by tlie late Dr. Gideon Mantell, in his "Day's
Kaiuble in and about Lewes," page l-'I4), no similar
evidence of Anglo-Saxon occupation of Lewes seems to
have been recorded.

NOTES ON AKLINGTON CHURCH, SUSSEX.

By CHAELES E. POWELL, Esq., Architect.

This Church, which was for a long time in a condition
of neglect so grievous that the present Vicar, upon
assuming the incumbency, described it as being in a
state " of dirt, decay and ruin" worse than that of any-
other Parish Churcn in Sussex, and '^ bare of almost
every decent requisite of worship," is in course of
thorough restoration, and during the progress of the
work discoveries of great archaeological interest have
been made.

The church is dedicated to St. Pancras, a fact that may

Joint to its connection with Lewes Priory. Although
escribed some years since as ranking ^^ among the very
best examples of the * Early Decorated style' in the
county of Sussex," the origmal building dates from a
very much earlier period. There is a great dearth of
documentary evidence relating to this church, but the
fabric itself gives a clear outline of its history, and
apparently seems to indicate that a church was erected on
the site in Romano-British times. Existing portions of
the structure belong to the Saxon, Norman, Transitional,
and Decorated periods. A reference to the plans will
show how the present building was gi-adually evolved.
No. 1 shows the Saxon nave, the parts which still
remain being coloured black. The internal quoins of
the chancel at the east end remain and appear to be part
of the original building. It is now impossible to tell if
any windows existed in the chancel, it having been
almost entirely rebuilt at the Decorated period. A
sketch is given of the only Saxon window still existing
in the church.

Although remains of Saxon churches are rare in Sussex,
there woiud appear to be evidences of the Saxon church

ST PANCRAS' CHURCH, ARLINGTON.

' X,

NOTES ON AKUNGTON CUUHCH, SUSSEX. 185

at Arlington haWiig boon erected upon the site of a still
carlitT building, which wns burnt before the Saxon church
was built.

At a depth of about 6 inches below the floor level of
the churcli, and I foot 6 inchcH below the late modem
floor, a atratmn of burnt wood, charcoal, burnt clay
and flints was met with, and about U inches below this
another layer of burnt stones, clay, flint, and a still
more marked quantity of eliarcoal and wood aslies.
These two layei's appear to indicate the destruction uf
the building at two distinct periods. Where excava-
tions were made a tiuantity of tired stones, worked, of
Transitional and Early KngHsh date, were discovered
in the upper layer of burnt iii:hnii ; while in the lower
no ti-aces of these were found, but instead, there were
a few pieces of Kttnian pottery and portions of Roman
tiles. In going below tlie lower stratum of bunit lUhns,
there was found a fairly peifect uni of fire-baked elay,
very hard, and blue in the middle of the mateiial. The
urn is about IG inches in diameter, and now measures
l?^ inches at the In'ghest part ; it was lipped and is oma-
mented with peii)endicular bands or strings of applied
work, notched while soft, at regular intervals.' The uni
was found witlnn the south-west comer of the nave, about
6 inches fi-om the tbuiulation of the nave walls and at
about \ foot fi-oni the face both of the south and the west
walls. It was firndy bedded in a layer of dark gravelly
sand, a thin coating of blackiBh earth being between the
vessel and the gi-avel. There is a considerable bed of
this gravelly sand, and it was again eut into when the
trenches for the foundations of the school were being
ling, aboTit 1(»0 yards distant.

Plan No. 3 shows the Saxon building with the early
Nonnaii Cliaijcl. A sketch is given of one of the windows
still existing, portions of the jambs having been restored.
This chapel is said to have been a chantrj- belonging to

' Till'' modi' uf oniiimcutBtiiiD U i ('hunictfrixtiu of Ml^dilI^vaI pottery, end (rom
a lUpi^rflciii] ricw of tlit- photufCTKpIi [luki'D by Mr. Hi-ary BtcTeixii) the Arlin^on
iim mi^ht be aMJeni-tl lo that period. Mr, Lorcnon (Jowur. F.S.A.. howewr.
who imw Ihi- riwscl at Arlington, wid Mr. Uilton IM™, who hw enrehiUy eianiined
the photograph, dK of opinion thot thu uru is Kamnno-Ilritirh.

186 NOTES ON ARLINGTON CHURCH, SUSSEX.

the Earls of Liverpool, but if so the connexion must have
been both recent and slight, since the first Earl of Liver-
pool was created in 1796; and there is no trace of the
chapel having been touched since that date.

The chapel has long been attached to the Manor of
Claverham. In the chapel exist four coffin slabs, two of
these are ornamented with crosses, sketches of which are
given, and portions more or less complete of six others
of stone and marble have been found, proving the church
to have been a burial place of persons of some importance.

Plan No. 3 shows the form of the church as enlarged
in the Transitional period, which, with the exception of
the porch, is the present plan of the church.

There seems to be no trace of the tower having ever
been built over the west gable of the nave ; in its present
position it is built against the west wall of the Saxon
nave and has three narrow lancet lights at considerable
height from the floor. The west door is a later insertion
and a Perpendicular window has been inserted over it at
a later date still, but the tower seems to be practically
the same as it was when originally built. The only
Transitional arch left is one opening into the chapel
from the aisle, it is of one order and has bold abaci
on each respond, ornamented with nail-head carvings.
There are existing wide pier foundations under the
present piers of the nave arcade, which would seem to

eoint to the whole of the arches of the arcade having
een of the same deep form as that of the one remain-
ing arch. There is one small Transitional window in
the chancel, a leper window, the stonework of this was
restored some time back. There are no other Tran-
sitional windows in nave or aisle.

Plan No. 4 shows the Decorated and later parts, which
practically finished the church as it now is ; the Flam-
boyant window in the chapel is the only portion of the
church of intermediate date. The whole of the roofs,
the arcade, the tower and chancel arches, the chancel
windows and the greater part of the walls and buttresses
of the chancel are of this period^ and the occurrence of

NOTES ON ARUNGTON CHURCH, SUSSES.

187

burnt HtoncR, wood, flints and earth at the upper layer
and immediately under tlto level of the original floor
level, eoupled with the fact that over the burnt remaiiiH
were found layers of masons' chips, stone dust, and
worked stones, pi-ove almost to a certainty that the second
fire t^»ok place before this very considerable re-modelling
of the church at the l)ecorated ponod ; add to tliis the
fact tliiit burnt .stones, workcil and moulded, were found
built into Ik'torated work and the proof is complete.

Since this Decorated Church was built, there have been
two Perpendicular windows inserted, hut practically no
alteration has been made since. In Puritan times the
crosses seem to have been knocked oflF the gables, the
one to the nave having Ijcen replaced by some local
hands in Roman cement and fine shingle, a Jacobean sort
of finial being then placed on the apex o( the west gable.
Portions of the old cross have been found imbedded in
the tilling up of the chm-ch floor, but it has been thought
right to leave the cement one in evidence of the liistoiy
it represents.

The walls of the nave have been higlily decorated,
and one fonn of stencil, a sketch of which is given, is
predominant, but over the IMediajval decoration there
IS one apparently of the time of the Restoration — texts
in frames, with mantling, but both these have been
sjnothered with successive coats of whitewash, and tliis
is only removable at the cost of the decoration below .^

The walls of the porch were found to be unsafe and
built up in them were found pieces of Norman or
Transitional work in Caon wtone, one of wliich was a
small attached column with the base, shaft and cap in
one piece.

There arc thus points of interest belonging to each
period.

• A writer in the GentUmfn't Magazine, IH3ft, It. II., pp. 27-33, on the subjoct
ot " Hur1i>y Chiirrh, ItRrkf," fays, in repaid to Che poiDtingn and imoRCH on tlic
rood loft ;— " Thpue vrtc nrdcivd by EliHibcth to be dis-tioycd and dctaccd, uid
thcfr places ocrupiod Uy the Creed and Lord'* I'rnyer. and ifltet portiora of
Serijiture. Arcordiujtly Wf hem find tlint on tbe north wall an> Ihiw, and on the
wnith four nueh itweriptioiiii, all turroiinrfr/J icilh thejloiniiu; omatiieRtf m
at the time tthen me titmioif Ikrji in ' ' "

explain tho tixirttmef of two tl

irre firal put ap." The quutfltiun may help to
» ul pniiibn^ on Uw waUs uf AiUngtMi Chuteb.

188 NOTES ON ARLINGTON CHURCH, SUSSEX.

Romano-British. — The urn and Roman tiles.

Saxon. — The long and short work of the angles of the
nave and the single window still existing with the groove
for shutter, and responds of the chancel arch.

Norman. — The chapel and windows in the north wall.

Transitional. — The tower and the windows in it, the
leper window and the arch into the chapel.

Decorated. — The chancel, with the tomb in its north
wall. The aisle windows, and the beautiftd east window
of the chapel.®

The whole church thus presents a complete history
from the earliest time of Christianity in England, and
well deserves attention from all lovers of Arcnaeology.

• And to these may be added the two following : —

Churchwarden. — ^The cross and cement finial on the east and west gables.

Victorian. — The present restoration so satisfactorily carried out.

The fact is sometimes overlooked that since the Keformation a distinct period
of Ecclesiastical Architecture has elapsed, during which the fabric of the cnurch
has been under the control of the Churchwardens. Sometimes, indeed, this period
has been marked by poverty-stricken attempts at imitation ; sometimes by oetter
efforts at restoration. — ^EnrroR ** S. A. C."

ST PANCRAS' CHURCH, ARLINGTON.

2 ^

>^ >^

32=n:

ZSHZL

hD:

•I. Ats^a.

C E POWtLL, AucmT

OBITUARY.

THE LATE WILLIAM SMITH ELLIS, ESQ.

The following obituary notice appeared in the pages of "The
Qenealogist," to ivhii'h he was a frequent contributor, for July, 1890 :

" By the death of thia gentleman at Kilbum on 22itd March, one
who gave a life-long devotion to Heraldry and Genealogy, has passed
away, after a lingering illness, at the age of 72. Kit. name will be
familiar not only to me readers of ' Tlie Genealogist,' but also to
those of its predecessors 'The Herald and Genealogist,' and 'The
Topographer and Genealogist.' In the thirty-seveuth volume of the
' Sussex ArcIuGologicBl Collections,' just issued, are three articles
from hie pen, which he was looking forward to seeing in print before
he died.

"He was the elder son of William Ellis, Esq., of Howard Lodge,
HurBtpieri>oint, Susses, where he was bom 23 May, 1817. A love of
law and logic led him to adopt the legal profession — the higher branch
—and be was called to the bar of the Middle Temple 4 May, 1841,
but from ill-health never practised. His first appearance in print was
as author of 'A History of Hurstpioipoint, by a native, a minor,
begun and completed in the interval of a collegiate vacation,' 1837.
This little book contains a good deal of matter in its 74 closely printed
pages.' He seems to have inherited his tastes from his uncle, Mr.
John Ellis, who left him the same year a small but valuable collection
of topographical and heraldic books, about 500 in number. Besides
a good many articles iu the volumes of the ' Sussex Archfeologieal
Collections' and one in the ' Arehfeologia Cantiona," he wrote and
jiublished in 1853 'A Plea for the Antiquity of Heraldrj' (Svo,
jip. 23), followed in 1869 by an Svo volume, entitled ' The Antiquities
of Heraldry.' Mr. Ellis' main object in this work was to demonstrate
the greater antiquity of Heraldry than armorial seals gave evidence
of, by showing that in the thirteenth century those, though bearing
different surnames aud of forgottea relationship, who bore the same
charges derived them from a common ancestor rather than borrowed
them from one another, It will be generally admitted he made out a
verj- good case. He took very littlw interest in ' Modem Heraldry, '
i.e., of a date subsequent to the foundation of the College, and if he
could nut prove his right to a Coat in a Roll of Arms of the days of
chivalry, he would have none.' A ^eat object in all his researches

> In tbo elevt:uth vol. of " Siuh'X Arcbculugical Collcctione " u ao illiutratod
artk'le bj him un " Hur»tpicrpoiut, its Lordx and FamillcH." In 1885 he oaiawd
himself by writing and bmif^iig together muttor from printed aiul other wnrceB
about " Tht l'iirlu> and Fonwtfi nf Sussex,' ' which he pnnlcd in on Svo volmiur.

' Of course, thin wb» ut-ver done, thougli not on wrtunl iinpowibility, for the
earlient instance that occurs of the Elys coat eo nomint in jii the copy of " Thw
ParliamentATj Koll ■■ [1. Edw. I. or II.j in Hurl. MS., 4ai:(. This c<my gives two
adiditiouul names to the lint for Yorkihire. cmt is-^3. "t4jr Henry Elys, de sable,
iilj voidi-B d'or, et cinque cressauts d' urgent." (Keu Notices, p. 239.)

190 OBITUARY.

was a personal one, — to connect his family with the Ellises of Stone-
acre in Kent, after finding that a younger son lived in the village of
Marden, from which, a generation later, his own first known ancestor
came. This fact was enough to lead any genealogist on, but his
diligence was never rewarded by the discovery of the proof he required
to satisfy himself on the point, or indeed of a single new fact what-
ever ! Determining to make general collections of the rather common
name he bore, led him to commence in 1857 the work he printed in
numbers, called 'Notices of the Ellises,' which, except the first part
and the third and fourth Supplements, he sent gratuitously to aU of
the name to be found in the 'Court Lists' of the Directories. Few of
the recipients preserved these or even thanked him, so that complete
sets are very rare. The four parts and four supplements together
make a thick 8vo volume of 640 pages. This work was the means of
introducing the writer to him in 1862, and he was able to assist him a
good deal in collecting materials.

'' One other matter may be mentioned as it may interest the readers
of 'The Genealogist.' Mr. Ellis' great grandmother bearing the
exalted name of Howard led him to investigate her descent, but a
quartered coat this family possessed an old drawing of, was that of
Horde, This puzzled him not a little, but he was able at last to show
that this indicated more correctly her origin, and confirmed the faith
he had in Heraldry when honest and honourable.'

" Before the era of railways, and afterwards, Mr. Ellis made long
sojourns on the continent, patronising water cure establishments, then
for a good many years still continuing out of health, he lived a very
quiet retired life in one of those small picturesque old half-timber
houses in Surrey, with which Mr. Ealph Nevill's book has made us
familiar. This was three miles from a railway station, on a small
well-timbered property he inherited, called * Hyde farm,* which he
altered to ' Hyde croft,' and by that name it appears in the Ordnance
Survey. Here he used to digest the notes he made in his frequent
visits to the British Museum and Eecord Office and latterly the Wills
Office as well. I have often spent from Saturday to Monday with him
bringing from town special pabulum animi for him.*

" His manuscript collections of Sussex pedigrees are valuable, and
include a copy of the Visitation of the County in 1662, which he has
left to his friend Capt. Attree, E.E., his books referring to Kent to
Mr. James Greenstreet, whose articles on the Eolls of Arms were
especially interesting to him, his Sussex books to his nephew and
executor (Mr. William J. Ellis), some to the Sussex ArchsBolog^cal
Society, and his general genealogical and heraldic books to the writer.

*' A. S. Ellis."

• See Hoard or Howard of Ewell and Guildford in ** Miscell. Gen. et Her.,*' new
series, iv., 137, and ** Parks and Forests of Sussex, p. 255.'*

* Being a bachelor, it was rather an alarming discovery about himself he made
in Foster's ''Men at the Bar," viz., a specific statement of his marriage. So
much for compilations ! The announcement of the death of the lady's husband,
Mr. William Smith Ellis, no relative, nor known to him even by name, came as a
shock to some of his friends at the time.

OBITUARY. 191

To the above, I tbJnk, may be added a brief eunimary of the papers
contributed to our " CoUectioQB " by the late deceased gentleman.

In Vol. VI., page 71, we have a paper " On the Origin of the Arms
of Some Sussex Families," and in vol. IX., page 71, he hoa tran-
Bcribed for us the " Subsidy Roll of Lewes Kape iu 1621." Vol. X ,
page 63, contains his " Observations on the Earla of Eu, and some of
tUoir Presumed Descendants," and Vol. XI., page 50, a paper "On
the Poscent of the Manor of HurBtpierpoint and of its Lords." In Vol.
XXIV., page 26, he writes " On the Origin of Some Sussex Families,"
and in Vol. XXV-, page 85, " On Budgen's Unofficial Heraldic Visita-
tiim of Sussex." " Abstracts of Some Sussex Wills of the tSeventceth
C'entur)' in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, preserved at Somerset
House," are contained in Vol. XXVIII., pogo 180, while in Vol.
XXX., page 137, he gives his notes on "Early Sussex Armorj-."
Vol- XXXni., page 39, contains a paper "On the Origin of the
Family of Dodson, of Hurst pierpoint, and Vol. XXXVII., two
communications from hia pen, one a second paper "On the Origin of
the Arms of Some Sussex Families," page 17, and the other "Some
Notps on the Grover Family," page 133.

His minor communications to our " Collections " are as follows: —
"On Effigies in Ifield Church," "On the Lineage of John Selden,"
" On Names in Lewes Bape Subsidy HoU, 1296," all contained in Vol.
VILL. "On Sussex Crusaders" and "On Unappropriated Arms at
Robertsbridge Abbey " (Vol. IX.), " On the Gale Family " and " On the
Origin of the Coverts " (Vol. Xm.), " Notes on Maij Sergison's
Ehvmnod Epistle" (Vol. XIV.), "On the Emblems of St. James of
Compostella*' (Vol. XXII.), "A Reply to a Challenge of his Deriva-
tion of Saunzaver" (Vol. XXV.), "On the Covert Familv" (Vol.
XXXV. ), and " On the Arms of the County of Susses" (Vol. XXXVn.)

.Vs during hia life he contributed so many valuable pa]>er8 tn our
" Collections," so in his last days he was ever mindful of the Sussex
AruhiBological Society, to which ho had belonged for nearly 40 years,
since we ()we mainly to his bequest, and partly to the kindness of his
executor, W. J. Ellis, Esq., the following valuable manuscripts now
in the Library of our Society, at Lewes ; —

1. A folio volume, entitled " Cartulorium," containing abstracts
from about 60U Kent and Sussex deeds.

2. A folio volume, " Sussex Parish Registers," omtainiug very full
extracts from Sir William BurroU's extracts from " Registers of
Parishes in the Rape of Lewes."

3. " Berry's Sussex Genealogies," copiously annotated.

4. One small volume of " Sussex Wills," from Lewes and Somerset
House.

6. One volume, ludcx to the above Voliunes, as for as Vol. IV.,
p. 210.

7. Two small volumes of "Sussex Monumental Inscriptions," nearly
all in Lewes and Pevensey Rapes.

192 OBITUARY.

8. One small yolume of Ancient Pedigrees and Descents of Goats of
Arms.

9. A small paper book containing names and dates of Begistered
Will Books at Somerset House.

In conclusion, I may add that the late Mr. Smith Ellis was an
honorary member of the New England Genealogical and Historical
Society, and that a few years ago he wrote several letters to the Sussex
Advertiser, under the signature ''Epsilon," upon Agriculture and Fair
Trade and Free Trade.

The writer, to whom he was a most esteemed and valued friend,
owes to his kindness and that of his executor, W. J. Ellis, Esq.,
three valuable MS. Collections of Pedigrees, respectively entitled
** Pedigrees," ** Sussex Pedigrees," and " Stemmata 2," containing
among them a large number of the pedigrees recorded at the Herald's
Visitation of Sussex in 1662.

I do not think that anyone ever applied to the late lamented gentle-
man for information on any subject connected with the county without
his taking great pains and trouble to do all that was in his power to
supply what was required.

F. W. T. Attree, Capt. R.E.

DEDICATION OF THE PARISH CHUIiCH OF OVING.

TIh' Editor of tlie "Susses Aivlucolngica] Collections" has great
^)loa«ui'e ill publishing the following couiuunieation from the Ticar of
Oving : —

"Sir, — Through the kindness of a Moiiiber of our Society [E, H.
W. Duiikin, Esq.)i I have lately beea put intu [lossession of the fact
of the Parish Churth of Oving being dedicated to St. Andrew.
Hitherto the dedication has been cluRsed auiong the unkuown. At
the time of the restoration of the Church, in 1881, I was most anxious
to ascertain it, but from no source, either ecclesiastical or civil, could I
diaou%-er it. Mr. Gibbon, Hichmomi Herald, in his article on the
' Dedication of ChurcheB ' ( ' 8, A. C," Vol. XII.), was uunware of it.
T had, myself, thought it likely that the Church might have been
dedicated to the Holy Trinity, vide my 'History of Oving,' in '8.A.C.,'
Vol. XXXIV.

" Mr. Dunkin, however, has informed me that St. Andrew is the
Patron Saint, and kindly gave me the reference in the H«cord Office,
which I have verified, viz., Common KoU, Uichaebnan Term, 1 1 Henry
VXn., membrane oil, The document !« a qttare imjieilit. It appears
the Bishop claimed the presentatiou, owing to t)ie benefice having
been six months voc^ant, as he thought. The following la the tranala-
tiou of tlie legal I.atiu : — ' Robert, Bishop of Chichester, was summoned
lo answer to Williniu Horsey, Clerk, Precentor of Cathedral Church of
Chichester and Prebendary of the Prebpn<l of Oving, annexed to the
same Preceatorehip in the same Church. He should iiermit him to
present a fit person to the Vicarage of the Churcli of St. Andrew, of
Oving, which is vacant and belongs to his gift.'

" The document proves, in addition to the foct of the dedication,
another fact which has been of Into years questioned by certain
Cathedral Authorities, viK., thai the Precentor of the Cathedral is also
Prebendary of Oving.

" It will be remembered that hj l)ie Cathedral Act, 1840, all benefices
hitherto in the gift of Prebendaries passed into the hands of the Bislioji
of llie Diocese, so that the benefice is now in the Bisltop'a gift.

"Yours truly,

"H. M. DxTZY.

194 NOTES AND QUERIES.

No. 2.

WILLIAM BIDGE'S OBSERVATIONS OF ASTRONOMICAL

PHENOMENA.

The notes having reference to comets and edip see, from William
Ridge's Diary, on pp. 119 and 121 of Vol. XXXVII. of the " Sussex
Archaeological Collections/' are of some interest to astronomers. Nor
is the language in which the positions of the comets are described so
'^ curiously unscientific," as Mr. Sawyer appears to imagine ; for
Flamsteed, the first Astronomer Koyal, employed the same method of
describing the places of stars, and speaks of them as in ''the head of
Cassiopeia," ''tiiie shoulder of Orion," and so on. This dates, I need
scarcely add, from a very hoar antiquity. The (omitted) diagrams to
which reference is made, would, in conjunction with Bidge's description,
probably suffice to enable anyone to map, very approximately, the path
of the comet through the slnr. The one seen by Bidge, on Sept. 2nd
(13th), 1769, was discovered oy Messier on Auguist 8th, and came into
perihelion at 2 a.m. on October 8th. It had previously appeared in
221 B.C., and will next revisit us in a.d. 3859. The comet of 1744 was
the very finest that appeared during the 18th Century. It was found
by KLinkenberg on Dec. 9th, 1743, and came into perihelion at 8 o'clock
in the evening of March 1st, 1744. It was visible in the telescope in
the day time ; had a bifid tail, the eastern part of which was 7°, and
the western 24° long. At one period of its apparition it had six tails !

The eclipse of the sun of April 22nd (May 3rd), 1715, was toted
right across England, from Cornwall and Devon to Lincoln and Norfolk.
It was total in London at 9 a.m., on a fine spring morning. Halley
(who, five years later, became Astronomer Koyal) states that Jupiter,
Mercury and Yenus, as well as Capella and Aldabaran, were visible
during totality, and that north of London, on the central line of eclipse,
twenty stars were seen. Bidge was fortunate in his location, as far as
the observation of the eclipse of May 11th (22nd), 1724, was concerned,
inasmuch as in Halley's map of the path of the shadow over England,
which we have in the rooms of the Boyal Astronomical Society, the
northern limit of totality passes jtist south of London. Dr. Stiikely
gives a glowing account of this eclipse in his '^ Itinerarium Curiosum"
(2nd edition), with a plate showing the appearance of the sky and
clouds during totality.

Forest Lodge, Mareefield, Uckfield. William Noble.

No. 3.
AN ENGAGEMENT BING.

In the course of some researches at the Eecord Office, I recently came
across some pleading^ in a Chancery suit between two Sussex persons, of
which a short account may amuse such of the readers of the '* Sussex
Archaeological Collections " as are interested in what is grotesque and
probably unique in legal antiquities.

K0TE8 AND QUERIES.

195

On the loth of February, 1612, Edward Bynd, of Frnmfield, hua-
bandnian, filed a bill of cctmplaiat afi;aiQBt Eli^taboth Markwicke,
daugliter of John Markwicke, of Ileathfield, yeoman, alleging tliat
about a yenr anda quarter previously he was a suitor of the deienannt'B;
that for three-qunrters of a year he continued hia suit to her " to his
grente charges Bnd espensei! and losse of time ;" that she professed to
return hia ntfection, and " that during the eoutinuunue of his said suite
unto her he did deliver unto her personally between thorn two without
any witnesses one gould ringo of the value of 40/' or thereabouts as a
token and iiledge of liie love and goodwill towards her, meaning and
intending tliat if she at any time afterwards did refuse to marye with
liim slie should hand it again, which gould ring the Defendant ai'cord-
ingly adopted and received of your Orator." that is, the Plaintiff.
The bill then averred that she afterwards refused to marrj- with him,
without any cause of offence on his ])art, and prayed for redeliTery of
the ring,

The Defendant, by her answer, pleaded the rule rfe minimis non oirat
lex; that the bill was brought with malicious intent to ves her ; that
the ring was not given to her ; and that, although the Plaintiff offered
himself as her suitor, she did not encourage him.

Wietlier any decree was made iu the suit, I have not discovered ;
but perhajw some Member who has the opjiortunity of searching the
registers of Frnmiield or Heathfield will lot me know whether any trace
of what became of tliese suitors, in a double sense, can be found.

The Bill was addressed to I^ord Chancellor Ellesitiere, who died in
1617, and was of the time of James I.; but the references to these
pleadings are Cha. Pro. Bills and Answera, CUas, I., fi. 1C2 No. 59 and
B. 1G6 No. 84.

Lincoln's Inn.

Walteb C. Bbxshaw, Q.C.

SILVER DENABIUS OF VESPASIAN. FOUND IN
CHICBESTEB.

Although brass coins of Vespasian «>ccur occasionally in Chichester,
silver coins of this Emperor are rarely met with in the city. One
found in the Recreation Ground in June last, and now in my possession,
is worthy of notice, not only on account of its being in a good state of
preservation, but for the interesting figures of pontifical instruments on
its reverse. It may be thus described : — Obs. : mp. vesp. avo. Bust,
laureate, to right. Rev.: avovr, in the exergue eipo, with simjmlum
f small pot, with upright handle, U8e<l in pouring libations) aspergillum
(sprinkler made of horsehair, fastened to a handle) prtf/encu/aw
(narrow necked metal vase, frotu which liquid was poured m drops) and
UtHUS (crosier-like staff, used by the augur). Its date is circ. a.d. 75.

F. H. Arxold.

196 NOTES AND QUERIES.

No. 5.
THE FREE CHAPEL, HASTINGS, A.D. 1343.

Writing from Elton Eectoiy, the Eev. Rose Fuller Whistler, M.A.,
sends the following : —

'* Believing that everything which relates to the local past may, at
some time or other, prove interesting to some Member of our Society,
I send an Abstract m>m the Register of Symon de Montacute, Bishop
of Ely, 1337-43, in which there is incidental mention of tiie Free
Chapel of Hastings.

'* ' 1343. 5 May. Exchange between Dns John de Wodeford, dean
of the Free Chapel of Great St. Martin's, London, canon atid prebendary
in the Free Cluwel of Hastyng^ Chichester, Brother of Castle Donyng-
ton Hospital, Line. dioc. and Mast. John de Heselarton, rector of
Hatfield.^"

No. 6.

EXTBACT FROM THE WILL OF SIB WILLIAM
WETHEBDEN, VICAB OF BODIAM, A.D, 1513.

The following quaint extract is contributed by the Rev. B. Belcher,
M.A., Yicar of Bodiam, Hawkhurst, who has also added several useful
explanatory notes. Among the fragments of brasses in Bodiam
Church noticed by Mr. M. A. Lower, in his "Compendious History
of Sussex," vol. I., page 60, mention is made of one of "William
Wetherden, 1513," wUch, in all probability, commemorated the
testator, Sir William Wedden, Vicar of Bodehm.

" In the Name of God Amen. This is the last Will and Testament
of me Sir William Wedden vicar of Bodehm made the viij'** day of
the mon3rth of February in the yere of our Lorde god M*. V*. xiij
First I bequeth my souUe to almyghty god to oure Lady Saint mary
and to all the hooly company in Hevyn and my body* to be buryed in
the Chaunsell before Saint Gilis in the saide church of bodehm Itiii I
bequeth to the candelstick before the rode xx* Itm I boqueth to
the mending of the Boteraces^ xx* Itm I bequeth to the high alter xij*
.... to my god doughters at Mr. Finchis eveiy of theme xx** ....
to my god doughter at Thomas philpotte a ketill newe bounde Itiii
I ordeyn at my outebering' vj' viij^' and at my monyth day vj' viij
Itm I ordeyn for a stone to be laide over me xxvj* viii** And I bequeth
to the last werke in the church xx' Itm I bequem and ordeyn (sic)
the saide church of Bothehm viij kyen and hayfers* for the Reparacion
of the said church yerly to goo to Ferme for viij* and the saide viij* to
be paide to the saide church for the Reparacion at Saint Andrew and
every manne that hathe any of the saide viij Kene and Hayfers for the
Reparacion of the saide church shall fynde sufficient BU3rrty for the saide
cow and rent. Also I will that yf eny of the saide kene be lost in

^ Boterace8= Buttresses. * Oatebermg= out-bearing, i.e., funeral.

• vj viij =a noble. * Kyen and hayfers =kine and heifers.

NOTES AND QUERIES.

197

default of Lym that soo hathe to femie iu any condicion tLanne I will
that he or his suyrty sliall pay for the saide towe Itili I will that
Boger imier shall have m^ place at Halton that he now dwellith in
w' xx" okers thereto belonging to hym and to his heires for evermore
for xx" nobilles that I promysid hym and he for to pay to the lorde
his rent Ilm 1 will that Roger pyper shall have my I.ande tallid
rerbere paying to tlie Lorde iij* iiij'' a jere and to the Reparation of the
church V* yeny at iiij tymes of tiie yere every quarter xv" and for
Lacke of payment at any of the saide termes thanue I will it shalbe
Lefull' for any of the saide Wardens for the tynie being to distraj^ne
and yf that he thanne will not pay the said v" I will that the eaide
Wardens shall put hym oute and betake it to another man .... and
I make myn Executor Richard Wodeland and Master Thoughtou to be
overseer that this my Will be well and truly performed to hym I
bequeth vj silver Sponys .... to Alite the daughter of Richard
"Wodlande my grete cawdron The Reaidew of all my goodia I geve
and bequeth to uiyn Executo' and he to dispose it for my soulu itixl all
cristen soulHs as he seith moste uede by his discreeion and this to
testify Sir John Alpart Thomas Philpot.

•" Proved at Lambeth 24 May 1514 by the oath of Thomas Mercer
the Procter of the Executor."

Reference, folio 32 " Fetiplace." Prerog : Court of Canterbury.

HERALDRY AND SUSSEX MONUMENTS.

In tlie paper on the above subject, printed in Volume XXXVII. of
the "8. A. C," allusion is made at page la to the unsatisfactory
explanations whicli hare been given of the origin of the coUar of S.H.
Sint^e writing the above article I have met witli a pasBtige in "Fubyan's
Chronicles," giving an awount of ita introduction by the PlunlagHict
family, and the reason of its ado|itjon as a device. Not having met
with any similar derivation of the use of the myst^oiis letter in any
of tlie theories hitherto advanced, I renture to rrproduce Fabyon s
statement.

Speaking of the events of the year 138ft (B of Iticliard II.), hf nritoH
as fiilliiws : —

"In this yoTB nlsii syr nmry Bolyiibrorikp, itIi- of hi-rbv, niar}-i-d
the counti'SHfi doughtcr of H(^(>rdi-, liy whom li>< wan lonli- of iinit
contn-, & by hyr h«i had ixou lli-'ry, thiil ufli-r liym nu* kviig, llhiiin-h

duehe of Barre, & Pliylyii that wii« wnMyd lo <[i« King •'(]>•■'> ili»,

also Thomna duke of (1a^••ta'^ John dub" of lli^ironji-. kikI Uui„irff
duke of Gioucotyr. [And over lliin lir. haddo :t hu*\, wlii'li, itt\i-r
were made legyttjTnat. by dame Katlnrjii" Hwynford" 111. MMiliy*,
Johii> wliiche was after diue of 8otuer*ei, Th'rmao arln of lliintjr|)||ii'

' IfCtull, tlic iwiinl form of "lavfiil."

■ MKN.—Tbi' lUU- of will la no <lmilit ligal •!; |i>, aliirM It itm mitiU tlitiw ■«■•■ a
ball numtb* hrlatc d*t<i of ptnrf.

198 NOTES AND QUERIES.

done, or duke of Ezetyr, & Henry, which was callyd y* ryche cardynall,
theyse were namyd Beawforde, & the other first sonys, after moste
wiyters, were namyd Plantagenettys, which sayde dame Katheryne
S^i^nforde was after made countesse of Herforde, & for that name of
S^^niforde he y^ is to meane syr Henry of Derby, gaue the S. in his
colors or lyuerys both to knyghtys and esquyers.l"

The above occurs on page 533 of the edition of "Fabyan's
Chronicles," published in 1811, imder the editorship of Sir Henry
Ellis, and which is a reprint of the one issued by Pynson in 1516, but
the part enclosed by brackets is stated by the editor to be omitted in
the issues of 1533, 1542 and 1559.

I regret that in the paper, '* Heraldry and Sussex Monuments,"
" S. A. C," XXXVn., page 9, it is wrongly asserted that the crest of
a staple is to be seen on the Stapley memorial at Patcham.

Horsham, Jan. 5th, 1891. J. Lewis Andb£, F.8.A.

No. 8.
LEWES PBIOBY.

In the Catalogue of the Museum at the Hotel de Cluny, Paris,
written by M. E. Du Sommerard, is a preface describing the building
itself, with a short history of its erection. After stating that the
foundation was made by Jean de Bourbon, Abbot of Cluny, on the site
of the ruins of the ancient Eoman palace, he proceeds as follows : —
" The building works were stopped by his death, which occurred
2 December, 1485, and were not resumed until five years later, by
Jacques d'Amboise, Abbot of Cluny, in 1490." "This abbot * devoted,'
says Pierre de Saint- Julien, ' 50,000 angelots arising from the efiPects
(diponilles) of the prior of Lewes (Leuve) in England, to the building
of the magnificent mansion of Cluny, from top to bottom, on the 8|)ot
formerly called the palais des Thermos ' " (Catalogue, pp. 8 and 9).

What foimdation there may be for the above statement I am quite
unprepared to say ; but it may possibly interest some of the Members
of the Sussex Archaeological Society who have visited the splendid
collection of antiquities contained in the noble museum of the Hotel
de Cluny at Paris.

Horsham. J. Lewis Andr£, F.S.A.

No. 9.

DISCOVEBIES AT PEVENSEY.

The following commimication, sent by Albert Vidler, Esq., in answer
to enquiries as to a reported find of bronze celts at Pevensey, is valuable
on several accounts, but especially in giving indications of the exist-
ence of remains of an ancient canoe, similar, it would seem to the
specimens in our museum, at Lewes Castle. Mr. Yidler enclosed a
sketch of a celt. It was a flanged one of a type frequently found ; it

NOTES AND QUERIES.

199

1 &^ inches in lecgtb, and the width of tho cutting edge is
2} inches,

Brighton. Henky Griffith.

"The Gables, Pevensey, Hastings,

"To H. Griffith, Esq. "March 7th, 1892.

" Dear Sir, — I fear there will be little to interest any of your Society
in the finding of the bronze celte wliich were found several years ago,
about 100 yards oast of tho site of 31 Tower, whicJi stood on a low
cliff called Culver Croft Bank. They were six in number, much
corroded, owing, I suppose, to tlie eoLl being impregnated with salt
water. They were found packed together in u hole in tho elay, after
Tower and Cliff had both been destroyed by the sea, which for many
years had encroached at this part of the irontage of Hooe Lerels,
called Cowdeu and sometimes Couden I^ovel.

"This part of frontage has always been very interesting to me,
and I have often thought that the Eomans, a few of them at least,
must have stayed here a short time, nnd I think the finding of the
oelts and many pieces of pottery couiirm this. I have spent many
pleasant hours here looking for odd bits of curios, &e.

"To begin with, at low water among the boulders and d<ibria from
the rocks, ftc, I have found large quantities of fossil bones of the
Iquonodon, &c., and many portions of Fish Lepidotus.

"Next comes the subnmriuo forest, where I have found the bones
and skulls of deer with antlers, &c,, skull and bones of Bos Longifrons,
wolves, squirrels, with their hoards of nuls, some of them with holes
in them, having been eaten. In the peat I have found wing cases of
beetles, with all their beautiful colours, but never a perfect infect, huge
trees of oak and trees of yew, these are the only kinds of timber that
have remained sound, but in drying tliey crack nnd the wood can only
be used for making paper knives, walking sticks, and such small articles.

" The beech, ash, alder, hazel and other woods are so soft that they
can be squeezed up by the hand. Nuta and acorns used to be plentiful
here, and very peri'ect leaves.

" What astonished me most was to find oak trunks, some of them
15 or 18 inches in diameter, broken off about two feet from the ground,
the stump standing upright, with roots intact, and the body of the
tree lying beside tueni, mostly as though tho gale or hurricane came
from the 8.W. Under one of tho large oaks which had fallen in this
way, we found the broken skull of aa os Bus I^mgifrons, no doubt
killed by tho falling tree. There must have been something uncommon
going on when all tliese trees were thrown down.

"I have always found submerged trees in all levels that I have
visited ; they are to be found in Pevensey and Hooe Levels, in Bomney
Marsh, aud in Hampshire and Somerset, with beds of peat, &c. At
one time the sea eipoeed at Cowden two distinct layers of trees and
peat, that showed jwtinly there had heen two disturbances at some
considerable time from each other.

"A httle East of 51 Tower the entire skeleton of a man and horse
were found by our men in digging a deep trench. The man's head
lay alongside the horse's neck. I have no doubt both were smothered

200 NOTES AND QUERIES.

in a bog, signs of which were to be seen at this place. Near here I
noticed what I always thought to be the end of an old canoe. Our
men said it was a timber outlet to drain the bog, or Pell as ther are
called here, but it had no signs of cover for the top and the end was
not open. I also noticed notches in the top sides or g^imwale as if for
seats, also that it had the appearance of having been burnt and scraped
out in making it hoUow.

** I intended to have had it dug out, but a storm came and covered
it with a mass of shingle and I have never seen it since.

'' There was a bed of tenacious blue clay over the peat and timber.
I noticed several oblong markings that had been filled in with soil of
another colour. On digging them out we foimd skeletons, the bones of
which were almost black from contact with the peat. One of them
was wrapped in a curious kind of rush matting. In this clay I saw
one day several footprints and at last came to one on which was a very
dainty high-heeled shoe, with a plated buckle. The shoe came to
pieces in drying. I have often thought of that shoe as to whether the
owner was young and pretty and how she got home, poor thing, without
her shoe, &c.

*'I think now I have told you all that interested myself in tliis
locality, about its interesting you I am doubtful.

" I am. Dear Sir,

" Yours very truly,

"Albert Vidlek."

No. 10.

PORTIONS OF OLD WALLS FOUND AT LEWES.

What are possibly fragments of St. Andrew's Church were found
when digging for new drainage at Pelham House, Lewes, in March,
1890. The annexed plan shows the iM)sition of the old work, and
sketches are also there given of some of the fragments of stonework
(A B), which were discovered at the foot of the high boundary waU
of Pelham House garden, and have been exposed by the recent
alteration in the gradient of St. Andrew's Lane. The centre stone in
drawing A is in excellent preservation ; the one on the right of it looks
as if part of a circular shaft of about 3 feet in diameter, but this may
only be due to the worn surface. The stone on the left is similar to
this one. The following references will explain the parts marked on
plan : —

C. Internal angle. N. wall about 9-in. thick. S. wall about 15-in.

thick. Chiefly chalk. Go to about 3-ffc. 6-in. below surface.

D. Chalk and flint wall about 2 feet thick.

E. Supposed to be an old well or cesspool. Eough wall about 9-in.

thick and internal diameter about 3-ft. Full of loose ballast.

F. Now forms wall of present coal cellar. About 4-ft. thick.

Chiefly chalk.

G. Betum under wall of enclosure.

SUPPOSED TRACES OF ST ANDREWS CHURCH,
LEWES.

Ksr fit. AM.

HIGH 8TREE1

5 ^

^»:

COU»rTARD

peLHAM House

• «»• -

NOTES AND QUERIES. 201

H. Acute anffled walls. Each about 2-ft. thick with 1-ft. 6-iii. of
chalk backing on each side. One wall was composed of
nearly solid flint, grouted, and had to be split open with
wedges. It took two men two days to get through the
angle. Both walls went below ground upwards of 7-ft.

J. Chalk wall, with few flints, about 1-fk. 9-in. wide and goes
about 3-ft. below paving.

C. E. Clayton.

No. 11.

THE GUESTLING REGISTERS,

In the communication referred to in the j)receding note the Rev.
Rose Fuller Whistler gave the following information : —

" With reference to Mr. BhMmifield's interesting letter to Canon
Borrer in * Notes and Queries ' (* 8. A. C.,* Vol. XXXVII., page 190),
may I suggest that the addition of the words * Tumi)ike paid ' or
* t. p* ' to certain entries in the Guestling Registers was probably an
expression of the Rector, implying a feeling of repumance to the
enforced 2)osition of tax or toll gatherer imposed upon him in common
with the other clergy by the 23 Geo. III., c. 71. This Act, which
required the payment of a duty of 3d. upon every entry in a Parish
Register, was in force for about eleven years, and was repealed by
34 Geo. m., cap. 11, in 1794. It fell lightly on tiie rich and heavily
on the poor, and placed the minister in the invidious position of the
exactor of very objectionable payments.

**The record of these jmyments was generally entered in many
Register Books for a few years after the jmssing of the Act ; afterwards
it was not so res^arly made, and in some cases altogether omitted.
In the Elton Book there is this entry— * 1792. N.B. The Tax is received
and accounted for as usual, tho' not mentioned as being unnecessary.' "

No. 12.
FIND OF A CHICHESTER TOKEN, dc, AT EASTBOURNE.

While excavating in connection with the building of Trevella,
Gildredge Park, Eastbourne, the following c^oins, &c., were met with,
and are enumerated here merely to show how rich the soil of the
district is in finds : —

1 . A chipped flint celt.

2. A spindle whorl of chalk.

3. Silver 2>enny of Edward VI. (3rd issue, 5th year).

4. Silver shilling, Charles II.

5. Coimterfeit coin. Obverse — Head, " joannes ydo port bt alg

REX." Reverse — Shield, "thirty six SHnxiNGs."

6. A Nuremburg token.

202 NOTES AND QUERIES.

7. Mediseval iron hammer, much worn.

8. Ditto key ; and

9. A Chichester and Portsmouth token.

The last item, which is now in the Sussex Archaeological Society's
Museum, is rather rare. It has on the obverse a portrait of Howwl,
with the legend, "John Howard, F.R.S., Philanthropist." On the
reverse. Crescent and Starfish with eye (Arms of Portsmouth), a Castle
(Arms of Chichester), and the legend, "Chichester and Portsmouth
Halfpenny, 1794." Upon the edge is inscribed: "Payable at Shahps

POKTSMOUTH AND ChALDECOTTS ChICHESTER."

In " S. A. C," Vol. X., page 209, the late Mr. William Durrant
Cooper, described a somewhat similar token T which he calls a "mule"),
that was in his possession in 1860. In the aescription, however, John
Howard is styled "F.S.A.," instead of "F.R.S.," the legend on tiie
reverse is omitted altogether, and the inscription on the edge given as
" Payable at Sharps, Portsmouth and Chichester."

H. Michell-Whitlst.

No. 13.
GOLD BOM AN COIN FOUND AT SEAFOBD.

While trenching at Seaford recently a very fine gold coin of Con-
stantius II. was found, which is now in my possession. The ooin is
as dean and sharjp as when it was minted. It slightly differs from
any hitherto described.

Obv, "fl. ivl. constantivs p. f. avg" {_Flavitis Julius Constantius
Pius Felix Augustus.^ Bust of Constantius II. to right, with diadem
foid draped.

Eev. "victoria dd. nx. avgg." [Victoria Dominorum Nostrorum
Augustorum.'} Victory walking to left holding trophy and palm. In
the exergue " tes." [ThessaloniccB.']

Montpellier Lodge, Brighton. Henry Griffith, F.S.A.

No. 14.

BOWL OF SUSSEX WABE.

In addition to the many tile and brick works of Sussex, at Bye and
Chailey there were considerable manufactories of useful earthenware.
The finest piece from Chailey I have ever seen was a bowl which came
to me from the maker's family. It is of the usual reddish-brown ware,
highly glazed, with ornaments and inscriptions of yellow clay impressed.

The bowl measures 14} inches in diameter, and stands 5f inches
high ; on the inside at the bottom of the bowl is a star nine inches
in diameter, and in a circle round the centre there is in Boman capitals,
"Guy(?) Earle of Warwick March the 5. 1792." On the outside
of the bowl, round the rim, is the following inscription : — " Th? ALCHomr

NOTES AND QUERIES.
Chailey South Cosoiox Lewes Susbex 1792 -

1,4DS AITD lulBSES BOirai* THE MAYTOLE FBISK ASD P;

siKonTo DANcrao this la cutid's hoixidat."

The inscription is enoloBed by lines running rijund the bowl, and
below the lines are festoons with tassels. Upon the rini, or foot, aup-
porting the bowl, are the initials "G. Y. F., eai'Ii letter separated by
a roundel or circular ornament. Several siniilar roundels intervene
between the initials and the name "Warwick," a raundel being
between each letter.

Montpellier Lodge, Brighton. Hesky OiiiiFiTH, F.8.A.

BUNCTON CHAPEL.

Ab 80 little is recorded in our "CoEections" of the liistory of this
small but curious Susses Church, the meiobere of the Sussex ArcliiD-
ological Society may be glad to have the followingremarks upon it
{mm. the pen of Mr. Matthew Holbeet^Ke filoxani. The publicatiou of
the <.'onimuni cation will nls*) serve, it is hoped, as a pleasing reminder
of the visit of tlie Society lo Bunctou in August, 1891,

In company witli Mr. M, 11. Blosani and his brother, the Eov. J. B.
Bkuiuu, U.l)., tlie Rev. t'. W, A. Napier, Rector of Wiston, visitefl
Buuctou on September IGlh, 1H71, wh«n iJie notes ujKin the Chapel
here given wei-e mnde on the s^iot fcy Mr. M. H. Bloxain. The
additional information relating to the presentation, &c., was added
by Dr. Bloxam. The Editor is indebted to tJte Sjbv. Mr. Na]iier for
tae MS., and for these particulars.

"Buncton Chapel is slightly mentioned in 'Cartwrighl's Rape of
Bramber,' p. "263, and in tlie 'Sussex Archajological CoUcctiotis, Vol.
VIIL, p. 185, and Vol. XII., p. 2.'.0.

"The Cliai>el visited by me, Sept. 16, 1871, is a small Norman
edifice, consisting of a nave and chancel only, with a modem bell-cot
over the west end of the nave, containing a single bell. The exterior
of the nave is extremelv plain, and the walls are unsupported by
buttresses, The south door has been blocked up with masonry, a
plain horizontal lintel, consisting of & single stone, forms the head of
the doorway, above which is a plain seiuicircidar arch. The whole is
flush with the wall, withimt any projecting mouldings. The nave is
lighted on tlie south side by two small semicircular headed hghta,
placed high uji in the wall ; on the north side, by one light of similar
construction only. The pn-scnt ontranco into the chapel is on tlie north
side through a doorway with a horinontnl lintel and plain semicircular
arch over, similar to that on tlie south wall, lu both cases the tj-mpan
is tille<l with rough uutHoniy.

"The chancel arch is semiciivular and Niuman in style. It is of
two onltT*, riHossi-d on the west sidn; one (he cast side of one order
only flusli witli the wiiU; the nbiM-i are chnmfcrcd, and that on the

204 NOTES AND QUERIES.

north side has some rude sculpture of a man. The chancel does not
appear of its original dimensions, but to have been shortened in the
14th Century. It is now in the interior 13 feet 6 inches wide by only
1 1 feet 6 inches in length. It is lighted by a small Norman or Early
English window of a single light, both on the north and south sides.
In the east wall is a Decorated window, either modem or restored. In
the south wall of the chancel is an Ogee-headed Fenestella, trefoiled
under the head and moulded. Within and beneath this is a projecting
perforated basin or piscina; this is of the 14th Century. In the north
wall opposite the jjiscina is a somewhat large but plain pointed locker,
divided by a stone shelf of the 14th Century. On the exterior of the
chancel on the north and south walls are three pointed recessed arches,
in either wall, of semi-Norman design, somewhat rudely ornamented
with Norman mouldings. The walls are constructed chiefly of flint
and rubble masonry, intermingled with fragments of Boman tile. The
east wall of the chancel is of Ashlar masonary, and appears to have
been constructed in the 14th Century, when the chancel was shortened.
Projecting from this east wall inside are two small moulded brackets
of tne 15th Century. There are no details or indications of masonry
of greater antiquity than the middle of the 12th Century, circa a.d.
1150, between which and a.d. 1180 the Chapel was, in my opinion,
constructed. "M. H. Bloxam."

What interest the Monks of Sele, alias Seeding, had at Buncton
does not appear from any former documents. Possibly they might
have made Biincton Hill a preaching station ; and may even have built
the Chapel itself by leave of William de Braose, without bein^ aware
that it oelonged to Ashing^on. However this may, the following
docimient proves that a compromise was effected between the Monks
of Beeding and the Patron of Ashington-ciim-Biincton, with reference
to the presentation to the Chapel not long after it had been built.

^^Bectoria de Esshynton,

**Noverint prsesentes et futuri quod cum controversia verteretur
inter dilectos Alios nostros. Petrum Priorem Sancti Petri de Sela, et
Eobertum deEssing^onMilitem, super jure advocacionis capelle Omnium
Sanctorum de Essington post multas disceptaciones et allegaciones hinc
inde propositas lis tota et controversia sub hac transaccionis forma
inter eos sopita est.

"Videlicet quod penes memoratum Robertum Militom et heredes
suos jus advocacionis predicte capelle residebit. Idem igitur Hobertus
miles et heredes sui quemcunque voluerint idoneam personam ad jam
dictam capellam episcopo pnosentebimt. Quae, cimi ab Episcopo
admissa fuerit et canonice instituta, ad preedictum Monasterium de
Sela accedet, et sacramentimi prsestabit, quod singes annis ad
Festimi Beatorum Petri et Pauli Apostolorum XIII. denarios nomine
pensionis de preedicta capella Monasterio de Sela persolvet. Facta est
autem hac transaccio coram Domino Saffrido, Cicestria) Episcopo secundo
(a.d. 1180-1204). Qui testimonio Sigilli sui assensum suum pra3buit
et auctoritatem ; His testibus Mr** Roberto de Boscham, Willielmo
Capellano, Magistro Ricardo de Thacham, Maugero Clerico, Ricardo
Clerico, Williehno de Braosa, Roberto Salvage, Helia Alio Bemardi,

NOTES AND QUEJUES.

205

Sol)erto Bonet, et pluribus allis clericis et laiiiis (CaTtularinm de Sela,

foi. ivi.)

"J. R. Bloxam,
" Sept. 23, 1871 ." " Vicar of 8ele, alias Beeding,

BELICS FROM ST. PANCRAS' PRIORY, LEWES.

A vety gratifying response to my appeal for contributtunH to our
Society's Museum, at tiie Annual Q«ne<ral Meeting on tlie 19th Uaivh,
1891, has been made by Aitbur B. Blaker, Esq., of Beeohwood, Leweo,
and, as the artk-lea nve mainly of great local interest, they are well
deeen-ing of mention among our "Notes" in this volume. They
were found by Mr. Blaker's father when making escavutiona in I Sd3-4,
and consist of the following : — Eleven eucnufltic pavement tilea (and
piei'ee), some plain, others glaxed, and of eoveral jMttems. The leg,
from knee tn foot, of (apparently) a small statuette, jiossibly an orna-
ment of a tomb, a portion of some sort of door-fastening, and a Muatl
piece of an ornament, beautif\illy chased with n leaf and flower design ;
all three articles are of bronze. A twinted iron wedge, vei^- much
"friazled" at the upper end from tlie fiirceof the blows given by John
Portinari's men in undercutting the walla. Another Imjilement of iron,
which, from its superior make and different form, I take to be a mason's
tool, tliough it may have been uaeil as a wedge, but it bears no evidence
of blows from the sledge. Tliree iron keys of aiiti(|ue make, and a
small iron hand-vice, niucli i-orroded. 'Thi'ee fragments of light-
coloured stone, carved with the chequers and rnnipant lion, the bearings
of Warenne and Mowbray. I think it verj- probable they formed a
portion of one of the monninents to the Lords of Lewes. Also a carved
iVagment of a black marble column, with spiral design. A small piece
of nutf [Hittery, with a somewliat roughly -painted yellow flower on it,
and n smaller fragment of opaque glass, dull red and black, with a
I>atteni on it.

In addition to the foregoinginlprasting objects, Mr, Blaker contributed
three cinerary urns (Ruumn or Romano- Biitish), somewhat broken, and
an iron cannon shot (seven pound) fouud on tlie8outh l>ownB, near the
Devil's Dyke, and three iron keys from Fortslade Church, the bows and
haodles of (wo of them being of fine design and workmansliip.

CiiAs, T, Phillips, Hon, Curator,

HAILSHAM CHURCH AND THE CIVIL WAR.

When visiting Hailsham, some time ago, with Mr. B. C. Scammelt,
of Lewes, we went, with the late Mr. Thomas Gearing, to see the
church restoration work, and upon leaving tlie building he [lointed out

206 NOTES AND QUERIES.

to us on the south side of the tower, at some five feet fix>m the g^und,
several flints in the wall, bruised and somewhat indented, as though
from impact of bullets. He informed us that it was tradition^y
reported that during the troublous times of Charles I. some of the
unhappy victims were shot there. But if this was not the case, it is
quite possible that some of Old Noll's Iconoclasts may have affixed
some object as a target whereon to try their pieces, after possibly
riddling the windows by way of obtaining the range. The marks and
tradition are alike curious, and should, I think, be briefly recorded in
the "Notes" of our "Collections."

April 2, 1891. Chas. T. Phillips.

♦

No. 18.

CHBISTIAN NAMES OF TWO SUSSEX MABTYBS.

Among the "Ten True Gt)dly Disciples and Martyrs of Christ Burnt
together in one Are at Lewes An. 1557 Jime 22," as given in John
Foxe's " Acts and Monuments" (edit. 1562, black letter, two volumes,
pp. 2302), and extracted and published by M. A. Lower, M.A., in 1851,
occur (p. 11) in the list of names beginning with Bichard Woodeman,
No. 9, Ashdons Wyfe and No. 10, Groves Wyfe. Li referring to an
edition of "Fox's Book of Martyrs," revised and corrected by Rev. W.
Gregory, D.D., published 1815, and now in the Society's Libraiy, I
find their Christian names given at page 585, viz., Anne Ashdon and
Mary Groves. This had apjmrently escaped Mr. Lower's notice, and
may save trouble and research.

C. T. P.

♦

No. 19.

EXTBACTS FBOM THE PABISH BEGISTEBS OF NEW-

TIMBEB, SUSSEX, BELATING TO THE FAMILIES OF

BELLINGHAM AND WOODCOCK.

The earliest volume of the Keg^sters begins in 1558 and ends in
1687. After this there are no entries recorded between 1687 and 1733
in the existing Register.

Baptisms.

1568. Marie j^ daughter of M'. Edward Bellingham Esqujre was
christened y« xiiij'*» of November 1568.

1570. George y« sonne of M'. Edward Bellingham Esquyre was
christened the fourth daye of June — 1570.

1574. Doritie y« daughter of M'. Edward Bellingham Esqujre
was baptized the xxj*** daye of November 1574.

1576. John the sonne of Edward Bellingham esquyre was

baptized the xxviij*^ of October — 1576.

1577. Ann y« daughter of M'. Edward Bellingham Esquyer

was baptized the v'^ day of Januarie 1577.
1579. Thomas the sonne of Edward Bellingha^ esquyre was baptised
& buryed the selfe same xxx^ of Maye 1579

NOTES AND QUERIES. 207

ingluun 7* daughter of Edirard Bellingham Esqufre
was boptiiM the axiij"' dnye of JuIj-l' — 1595.

1597. Aun y daugbWr of Edward Btlluighflni Enquyre wm

baptizud on Mihellmes dnje 1597.

1598. June UelUuKhnin y daughter of Edward BeUiugbam esqujer was i . .jw,

bapddcd the iriij"' daye of December 1598 — ~ — — — j '^™'
1IS0.1. Marie tbe dau^^'blor of Edward BfUinitbam esquyre was borne I ,,„,o

the xiij" of AprUl and baptised y" llwto day of Slaye in03 - j '"^
1017. The lU"- day of Novombtr wa.- baptiwd Edwari Wcnadcockc

the Bonne of M'. Thomas Woodootkc. ail6 1617.
1620. Tbe 27'^ day of Jauuary was Baptized Suwu

y daughter of M'. Tliomas ^Voodcocke. Esqaier. aflO 1620,
1022. The last day of Mareh . 1S22 . was Baptixed Thomas

y" Bonne of M'. Thomoa Woodcocke E«iuier,
1B24. The 37"' dny of May 1U24 waa Baptiiced Morye

the daaght«T of U< Thomas Woodcorke Etquler
IBiS. The xviij'" day of October l^eiS" SraiuisBe the Sonn of M'. Tboma.t

Woodcock & Umula his wife was baptized.
fubruarie 25"' I was baptized Ursula Woodcock y* daughter of II'. Thomas
I82B. f Woodcock Ewuier 4 Ursula his wife — — — — — —

Onto''. 17'!' 1628. nenry Woodcock j° soime of M'. Tho: Woodcock . baptixed.
11(57. Mary the daughter of Edward Woodcock Esq'. & Mary his wife was borne

the 16 day of NoTcmber aud baptized tbe S-H' of the same anno prodieto
1G&9. Unula the daughter of Edw Woodcock Esquier unit bomf and '

and Mary bis wife was borne the 20"> Lweuticth of Slay & baptised the 23'*«
[of the name 1659.

BUKIAU.

1568, M*. George Bellinghara y* sonne of M'. Edward BrUingham Esquyer ISSS
wna bwyed v" aft day of Maye 1568

1599. M". Trothe Bellinghom y° wyfc of U'. Edward Bcllingham

Enquyre was buryed ye izv''' * day of Julie riz S'. James bis daye 1599
1607. The 7 day of february anno p'dicto was buryed

M'. Edward Bellingham
lOia. The m" day of September iBiS wafl buried . an lutant

which wEis still home y* winne of M'. Thomas Woodcocke
1(127. The xix'^ of May was buyried Ursula Woodcock May 19.
1630. The nt'^ of JuIt was buried Thoma* Whiskey

Sir Edward BeUineham Ms miller — IttilO —
1640. 8' Edward BeiUngham was buried U"' of September 1640
1058. M'. John Foard Rector of this Chunb of Nyetimbor

departed thin life the tdst day of Felimory and was buried

the eight day of the same moneth ll3^ —
1659. Edward Woodcocke Esq', died in a lethorgick nleepe and was

buried the il"- of February 1658* 1659 :
1665. Thomas Woodcock Gentleman and Patrone of the

of bla faithftd friend M'. Tho Amoler, then Rector, reposed in a
TBvlt pi«pai«d (or his corps to remaine in, untill they could occur-
diag to hu desire Sc instructions, in Ids health be canreyed
to London (when it should please God to heale the citye of y*
Pkgne, whtcb then tnost grieuously iwid there.) to tie
Intcncd in the Parish Church of AlhaUowes : tbe wnU but
the foyd ptstitenrt cmtlinuing so long, rven
vnlill the end of ftbr. folUnoing : he^e fie TtsMh*

' The words in italics ait> (.-rowed out. * 21 nlkrrvd tt) 13.

• 24 altered to £5. * 1858 is crossed out and lOSyeulirtituU-d.

• Tho words in italice weti^ uridcntl/ added at a later dalt' thou the rest ; they
■e In tlio aamc handwriting, but tbe iiik is darker.

308 NOTES AND QUERIES.

16d5. John Marchant the painefull tennant of the

above named M'. Tho: Woodcock died of j^ Small

poxe, & was buried 14** Januarii 1665 :

1666. M'. Tho : Woodcock died very euddenly 27° die Maij : being

Sunday, & was buried upon the 29^ of May 1666 :

1670. M". Ursula Woodcock wife of M' Thomas

Woodcock Gknt whoe died at Tisehurst was
brought from tiience and buried in the Chan-
cel by hir husband : June y« 27"» 1670 :

1671. M'. Ambler Rector of y« Parish dyed y« 13"» of August

1671 & was buryed y«

The preceding Eegister Extracts have been carefully copied by me
from the originals, word for word and line for line.

I also append the following notes from the same reg^ter, which may
be of interest : —

Churchwardens 30 March 1649
Thomas Woodcock Esq' \ But M'. Woodcocke did not serve y« place

henry hannikin — ) Churchwardens

M*" Heyney iuducted iuto Nytimber parsonadge July 6^^ 1625

M' Edwards Dyed y« Whitsuntyde afore —
M' Forde was inducted intoNytimber Parsonage p<* equivalent Febr. 18 Anno Salutis
M' Ambler was inducted into Nytimber Rectory July the 19**» 1659 [1651

M' Forde died the 6 day of Febr. before
M' Nicholas Noe was inducted into ye Rectory of Nytimber y« 26**» of febr:

167J M' Ambler dyed y« 13*>» Auguste 1671
M' John Dimstall inducted to Rectory of Newtimber by M^ Parker April y 18*»» 1687.

There are no memorials of the Belling^hams or Woodcocks in New-
timber Church, though there are several to the Osbomes, Newnhams
and Gordons, their successors at Newtimber; for the devolution of
which estate see " Sussex Archeeological Collections," Vol. II., p. 122,
note.

It was in the hope of clearing up several points in connection with
the Bellingham pedigree that I went over to Newtimber in August,
1891, and examined the reg^ters there. As is well known, the repre-
sentation of the Bellinghams and Woodcocks of Newtimber rest with
the Cust family, who married the eventual heiress, and thus quarter their
arms. But they are said to be also entitled, through this marriage, to
quarter the arms of Foljambe, it having been asserted that Sir Edward
Bellingham, who died in 1640 (the grandfather of Edward Woodcock,
whose daughter and heir married Sir Pusey Cust), married Troth,
daughter and heir of George Foljambe, of Brimington, co. Derb.
The following baptism appears in the Chesterfield parish register: —
*M573. August. Troth foliamb filia ^eorgii foliambe de holme,
bapt. xxiij® die." I conclude this is the baptism of Mrs. Trothe
Bellingham, who was buried at Newtimber, July 25, 1599, and whose
husband, Mr. Edward Bellingham, was buried there Feb. 7, 1607.
So that, judging by the register, she does not appear to have been wife
of Sir Edward. The fact of several persons bearing the same name
makes the difficulty greater. There was at this time a George Foljambe,
of Brimington, two miles from Chesterfield, co. Derb., who had an
only daughter. Troth, and another George Foljambe, of Barlborough,
CO. Derby, a village only five miles N.E. of Brimington, who also had
a daughter Troth. Then there are numerous Edward Bellinghams

NOTES AND QUERIES.

209

(two of them knights), and the SeJlinghain pedigree, given in "Berry's
County Oenealugies" Vol, for Sussex, page 191, gives no dates and
leaves the marriages blank iu many cases. The only three baptisms
in the New timber Register which could be those of Troth BelUnghaiu's
children are those of Cicelie in 1595, Ann in l.iTT, and Jane in 1598,
and (though no doubt there might have been another child baptized
elsewhere] none of these three soem to bear out the alleged Foljambe
descent of the Woodcocks.

I send theee notes in the hope that Bome one reading them may ho
able to throw further light on the subject and clear the matter up,

7th September, 1891. Cecil G. S.itilk Fou*mbe.

No. 20.
PUHTTAKICAL NAMES IN SUSSEX.

The Rev. It. Hawkins, M.A., Vicar of Lamberhurst, sends the
following : —

"In the 'NoleeandQuerioa,' Vol. XXII. 'S, A. C.,' page 229, in the
list given of Puritanical names, there occiire that of 'Fere— not
Rhodes.'

"In my Begister of Marriages, in the year 1638, there is entered
what is evidently intended for the same name, only here it is made to
assume the form of a Latin word, with an explanation of its meaning,
also given in Latin, viz.: — 'Bichardos Soames & Fieamota (vel ne
time) Wood, per licentiam April 16 — 1638.' "

ROMAN COEN MORTAR.

When digging near the North Walls, Chichester, on March 28th,
1891, an interesting relic of the Roman occupation of the City was
discovered by si)me labourers, of which a figure is here given. Itg
shape was irregularly octagonal, the side next
the mouth being larger than the other sides.
The interior diameter was 12f-in., and that of
I the whole 16-in, It was of granite and had
eridently been much used. Dr. Collingwood
I Bruee, in his occount of the Roman Wall,
I observes that while the process of grinding
com by handniills must have been a most
tedious one, probablj- a large portion of the
grain, consimied by the soldiers of the Barrier,
was simply boiled after being 6light:ly bruised in mortars. This
uuiqiie example, among the many Itoiimn remains met with in
Ohicheeter, is in the possession of Mr. J. Newman, North Gate
Chichrater, who kindly gave me information concerning it.
H^mitage, April 14th, 1891. F. H. A

210

NOTES AND QUERIES.

No. 22.

OBEAT FBOST OF 1684.

John Evelyn, who was an eye-witness of the nreat frost of 1684,
has the following entry in his "Diary," " 1684, Jan. 16. The frost
continuing more and more severe, the Thames before London was still
planted with boothes in formal streetes, all sorts of trades and shops
furnished and full of commodities, even to a printing presse, where
the people and ladyes tooke a fancy to have their names printed, and
the day and yeare set downe when printed in the Thames. This
humour tooke so universally that it was estimated the printer gained
£5 a day for printing a line onely at sixpence a name." To this Bray
adds as a note, " By favour of a gentleman possessed of innumerable
curiosities I have one of these cards before me," and describes it as a
specimen. Another of these little souvenirs, relating to a Sussex man,
has been recently met with in an old house at Bury and shown to me.
It is surrounded by what Bray describes as a " treble border " and is
printed thus : —

Mr. Abraham Marten of Bury,

in the County of SusseXj Gent,

Printed on the Frozen Eiver of THAMES
Iposni Sonng $nnttr9.

Febrvary the 4th 1684.

Hadyn says of this visitation, *' Even the oaks of England were split
by the frost, most of the hollies were killed, the Thames was covered
with ice eleven inches thick and nearly all the birds perished. The
frost this year was terrible. It began in the beginning of Dec., 1683.
The people kept trades on the Thames as in a mir tiU Feb. 4, 1684."
It will be noted that this was the very day on which ** Mr. A. Marten,
of Bury, Gent.," was in London, and it may be further observed that
this was not the last day of the frost, since the card which Bray saw is
dated, **In the 36th year of King Charles the 11. February the 5th."

F. H. Abnold.

No. 23.

POBTBAIT OF QUEEN ELIZABETH, DISC OVE BED

AT COOLHAM.

In February last Mr. Robert Downing, of Petworth, kindly sent me
word of his discovery of a fine, full-sized portrait of Queen EUsabeth
on panel, which was found built into a bedroom wall, over a fire-place,

^^^^^^H NOTES AND QUERIES. 211

in on old cottage at Ooolham Qreen. in the parisli of Shipley. It waa
sent to London and restored by Messrs. Haines. At a meeUng; of the
Society of Antiquaries, March 27th, 1890, it was eibibited by Geo,
Scharf, Esq., F.S.A,, when a minutely descriptive account of it wbb
road by Mr. O'Donoghue, F.S.A. Aa Mr. U'Douoghue's excellent
report on the picture is about to appear in the proceedings of the
Society, I am not at liberty to give details respecting it. Suffice it to
say that the portrait is undoubtedly genuine, representing the Queen
inher old age, with jewelled head dress, ruff ana veil, ana elaborately
dressed in block. In several respects it differs from any portrait of
her known. It is conjectured to be by Mark Gerard, a principal
painter to the Queen, who was living in Kugland in 1580. Mr.
Downing has now forwarded me a photograph of this interesting and
must valuable portrait, of which it may be hoped a fuller account may
appear in these "Collections." It is well known that Queen Elizabeth
stayed at Farham, Cowdray, and other places in Susses, and, as it is
rumoured that pictures were stolen from Cowdray at the time of the
fire, there is some likelihood that it n^ay have been brought thenc«,
but there is no evidence of this. At Parbnm, which is nearer Shipley,
there are two portraits of Queen Eliza'beth, one of her in her twenty-
fifth year. These, however, represent her very differently.

Hermitage. F. H. Absold.

No. 24. ■

OLD SUSSEX NEEDLEWOBK.

At an industrial exhibition and needlework competition, held at the
Council Chamber, Chichester, in Augu&t, I U90, some antique specimens
of needlework were placed on view by various ladies and gentlemen
of the city and its neighbourhood which deserve recced. Amongst
these were sent by Mrs. Fonfold, a piece of liand-worked lace of the
17th century; by Mi-s. Oliver Lloyd, a map of the world, worked in
silk, about 1705; by Mr. W. Duke, a map of England and Walea,
worked in 1870; by Eer. F. H. Arnold, apian of the battle of Mi nden,
1759, worked entirely in silk by his grandmother. •■ Haniot Baitellot,
1790," exactly a century ago; Mrs. Buckell, old wedding gloves,
handkerchiefs and brideenmid's glovee ; by Kirn. Dnlby, of Madeliurst,
a shirt worn by Sir Walter Scott; and by Mrs. Higginsim, a gontlv*
man's fancy waistcoat, 1830.

Hermitftge. F, H. Arhold.

No. 25.

ON T3E LANDING OF ELLA AND HIS HOSH.

The Saxon Chronicle, a.d. 477, »iiru:—"tiiiw luinin In llr; iPlilmtfl
^lle and his three Sons, Cymen, uid W1uru<lng, nttil ('iN«n wifli lliHm
ships, in the place which is called Cyni"ti'« Om i nrid lln*r« itl"* iIihi'
many Weals (Britons), and some in fliKlit dri><rt> lh'7 litio lli« W'«i<l
which is called th« I^oa of Aiidrml."

212 NOTES AND QUERIES.

This Cymen's Ora has been usually placed by old writers at Witter-
ing, near Chichester ; but Dr. Guest says that from a forged Charter
it would appear that it lay along the eastern side of Chichester
harbour; but that he himself thought it must have lain along the
western side of Selsey peninsula. He adds that it had, indeed, been
fixed at almost every part of the Sussex coast (Grig. Celt., II., 178).

But may not another construction, without the gloss of this (so-called)
forged Charter, be put upon these words of the Chronicle ? Suppose
that Ella and his sons, mstead of sailing so far west as Chichester
harbour, or Selsey, put into another then well-known and nearer
harbour, theretofore, in Boman times, called Portus Adumi, where there
were already Roman settlements (although perhaps devastated), now
represented by AJderington or Adurin&^on and Portslade ; and that
having slaughtered many of the inhabitants and driven the rest into
the great forest of the Weald, they took quiet possession of the district,
and proceeded to divide it between them and settle themselves therein.

Ajid with this view the first son took possession of what became
afterwards Cymen's-shore, where he made his ham, since abbreviated
into Shoreham (and not far distant is Bucken-ham^ and also the South-
wick, or village). Wlencing went over the river and established him-
self at Lancing ; but Ella and Cissa were warriors, and proceeded to
extend their conquests east and west until they had conquered the
whole kingdom of the Kegni, for in 485 Ella fought the battle of
Mercreds Bum (wherever that was), and five years later, in 491, he
and his son Cissa ''beset Andreds-ceaster (now Pevensey), and slew all
that dwelt therein, nor was there thenceforth one Brit, left." Upon
this conquest Ella declared himself King, hence the name of the
adjoining parish of King's-ton, where perhaps he resided; and the
next year he was chosen the first Bretwalda, or Chief of the whole
Saxon confederacy.

It is not likely that Cissa established his home on the bleak Down of
Cissbury, which is more the situation for a British stronghold than a
Saxon settlement ; but he may have used it in his warfare with the
Brits, and so it acquired its present name.

We seem to have nothing further to guide us ; but, as Ella reigned
tiU 513, and his son Cissa succeeded him, it may easily be conceived
that they extended their conquests all over the territory of the Kegni,
and that Cissa ultimately established himself at Kegnum, and changed
its name to Cissa-ceaster, which became the capital of the South Saxons.

We learn further, that in 495 Cerdie and Cynrie came into
Southampton Water, and attacked the Brits of Hants and established
themselves there ; and so founded the kingdom of the West Saxons,
1 8 years after the landing of Ella and his sons ; and EUa and Cissa, as
their allies, fought with them.

The reason that Dr. Guest treats the Charter as a forgery would
appear to be this. Camden states that ''Near the haven of Chichester
is W. Witerinc;, where as the monuments (? muniments) of the Church
testify ^lla tne first founder of the Saxon kingdom arrived," &c.

^ If I know anything of Saxon, I believe that Bucken in Saxon is the same as
Back's in English.

NOTES AND tiUKRIES.

213

i he states that Cissa, " who being the second King of this
p<-ty kingdom after his father ^lla, accompanied with his brother
Cimen and no small power of Saxons at this shoare arrived, and landed
at Oimenshore, a place so called of which hath now lost the name ; but
that it was neere unto Wittering, the Charter of donation which King
Cedwalla made unto the Church of Selsey most evidently proveth."

Now, it happens that this Cedwalla was not King of the South
Saxona, but of the West Sasons, and. that for only two yeara (686
and 6B7); for in eSH he went to Come and was baptised, and died
seven days after, and Ina, a distant relative, Bucceedod hiro. It may
be assumed then that Dr. Ouost treated this Charter an a forgery,
because it was alleged to be granted by a king who was not possessed
of what was purported to be granted.

I may note in passing that in a, table of 8nxon Sovereigns, now
Ijiug before me, Cissa is stated to linve died in 587. If, therefore,
that was the date of his death, and he landed with his father in 477,
ho must have attained a good old age.

Loxwood, Billingshurst. H. ¥. Naffkb.

P.8. — Since writing the above, on referring to Vol. I. of Horsfield's
" Susses," to see what 1 could find about Kingston, my eye happened
to rest upon Chap. ITT., where the eame matters are treated of, and I
find that (p. 64) my surmise that La.Deing comes from Wlencing is
there anticipated; and the writer also comments on the great age
of Cissa (but gives somewhat ditfexent tigures), and he adds that
Ceadwalla had usurped and annexed the kingdom of Sussex to
Wesaex. But all this at any rate leaves for consideration whether or
not Old Shoreham is Cimen-shore, also the reason for the name of
King's-town.

POTTERY (BROKEN) FOUND NEAR LEWES.

On Saturday, June 9, 1890, two labouring men brought to the Castle
a quantity of broken potteiy found by them in ihe Combe or Bottom
runnine in a N.W, direttion, and about half a mile distant from Asli-
combe Place, near Lewes. There are some 125 fragments of different
kinds, a few being glazed. Among Uie lai^er pieces are the rims of
two vessels of considerable size of red ware unglazed, having below
the riui a band indented at close intervals. Also j>art of the neck of a
vaso, or jug of graceful shape, of fine cream-coloured clay, burnt red
on the iiulsidc, with a raised imttem rimnd it. With them were found
a small bronze buckle or latchot, measuring about three-quarters of nu
inch each waj-, a small piece of bone and a fragment of a skull.

The finding of broken jmtteiy on the Downs near Lewes, and in
three places some distance apart, is interesting, as affording evidciue
of hanitution in former times. In each case the fraguienis were found
in M't'Uing banks, or brows, on the training galloita. The Brst wiw wn
finnker'a Hill, the Down parallel to the ^wes and Brighton lluiid |

214 N0T£8 AND QUERIES.

the second on the next range of Down north, and known as Middle
Hill ; the third on the western racehill, near the long-distance starting
point, above Ashconjjbe. The pottery was unglazed and of varied make
and thickness, grey, brown, red and black in colour, and was probably
Koman or Komano-British. At the last-named spot two sniall frag-
ments of red Samian ware were found, and a very perfect spindle whorl
in brown ware. This latter object is now in the Society's Museum.

C. T. P.

No. 27.
ARROWS, HORSESHOES, AND NAILS OF SUSSEX

MANUFACTURE.

In looking through a large number of letters written to the late
M. A. Lower, which have recently been presented to the Society, I
foimd the following information communicated by William Ck)urthope,
Esq., Somerset Herald^ in a letter of the 23rd February, 1860, and
which I think sufficiently interesting to be recorded in the pag^ of our
"Collections":—

*' I have some curious extracts from divers Bolls of the reigpis of
Edw. I. to III. about Sussex, some of which I will send you one day,
such as the following : —

** * William Vaghan, Sheriff of Sussex, allowed £14. Os. 4d. for the
purchase of 6,000 arrows (240 sheaves, each containing 25 arrows) of
good dry wood, with head well sharpened, called "Dogebil," and for a
cask to put them in, and for the carnage from. Horsham to the Tower of
London. Price of the arrows, 14d. a sneaf. — ^liberale Roll, 12 Ed. III.*

" I find too, 4 Ed. III., they made horseshoes and nails in great
quantity at a place called * La Hogheye ' for the Scottish war."

C. T. P.

♦

No. 28.

A MEDIJEVAL SUSSEX RELIC.

A very interesting addition has been made to the Society's Museum
by the gift of an Inn Sign, probably of the latter part of the 16th
Century, by the sons of the late F. W. Cosens, Esq., late of the Shelleys,
St. Ann's, Lewes, which house, Mr. M. A. Lower states, was, prior to
1577 (the date carved on its stone porch), a hostelry called the **Vine,"
of which the figure, described hereafter, may possibly have been the
sifi^. It is carved out of solid oak, and represents a Bacchus astride
a barrel, holding a bottle in the right hand, and in the left the foot of
what was originally a goblet, which he is in the act of filling. The
iron ring, to which the ivy leaves of his chaplet were attached, still
remains around the head. The paint, if origincdly of flesh colour, has
now from age become of a muddy drab hue ; a black beard I suspect
to be a modem addition by some wag. From the sides and ends of
the barrel four bow-shaped iron rods formerly projected, from each of

NOTES AND QUERIES. 215

whicli depended a cluster of grapes, with leaves, the berries being gilt;
a fifth, and possibly a larger ounch, hung from a hook below the
barrel ; of the five clusters, unfortunately, only two remain, and they
are in a decayed state. The sign hangs in the entrance arch of door-
way of the ground-floor room of the Southern Tower of the Keep,
and is well worth inspection.

C. T. P.

No. 29.

FBAGMENTS OF A SUSSEX ALMANACK, A.D. 1607.

Noticing that a small leather case made for containing parchment
deeds, was lined with some pages out of an old Black Letter Almanack,
rubricated, I was led to examine it rather closely, when I found it was
a Sussex publication and dated 1607. It occurred to me that the
following items, all I could decipher in the portions left exposed to
view, might be worth reproducing in our " Notes and Queries : —

June hath XXX, dates.

'lEhs humors noto bisj^tretb be
use bttt txu txit i^oob,

Srittlu tohas, taihmn tnth, hrarbd art dob,
coolc «nb clen«e Vxt bloob.

Julie hath XXXI,

9ht0icke abiie till tCtttr time
Colb herbts note rome in bdt
SRIurie tomes, \on% thtret, much tXttif^
Jlnb benerie, reftue.

The following detached notes as to Sussex Fairs, &c., occur : —

" Lewes in sussex on Whitson tuesday."
** Linfffield in surry on saint Peters day, 29 of June."
** Linneld in Sussex, 2 fayres, one on Monday, 2 on Saint James his
day."

'' Mayfield in sussex the 19 of May Maudiyhill besides Steaning
in suss, 22 of July."

** Mydhurst in sussex on Whitson tuesday."

'' It is to be remembered that as often as any of these fa3rres shall
fall out upon any Sonday (this yeere) that then (to avoyde profanation
of the Sabaoth day) they are to be kept on monday next following."

Among the weather predictions for the year 1607 were these : —

" June 1607

'* The first day & 2 temperate dayes, 3, 4 & 5 inclining to some moisture.

'^6, 7, 8 and 9 pleasant haying weather.

" 10, 11, & 12 fresh ayre but dankish."

Perhaps some of the Members of the Sussex Archooological Society
will be able to furnish a complete copy of this curious Sussex
Almanack. Anyone who takes the trouble to compare the dates of

216 NOTES AND QUERIES.

the fairs mentioned in this framient, with those given in the paper by
the late F. E Sawyer, Esq., in Vol. XXXVI. of our "Collections,"
page 180, will see that there are some important differences.

Brighton, 1892. John Sawyeb.

No. 30.
ST. NICHOLAS' CHURCH, BRIGHTON,

Some time since, when making a measured drawing of the Per-
pendicular Chancel Screen in the above Church, I found a small figure
carved on the west side of the finial of central arch, also a winged
creature, probably a bird.

The figure, entirely nude, about three inches in length, is, it will be
observed, represented with the head downwards (as is also the bird),
and bears what struck me as possibly intended for a crown and a
palm.

Not having seen any notice of these curious ornaments in the pub-
lished description of the Church in " S. A. C," Vol. XXXTT., or
elsewhere, I made a sketch, which is here reproduced.

I should be glad if some Member of the Sussex Archaeological
Society would explain why the figures were introduced and what they
are intended to represent, also whether any similar ones are known to
exist on other screens.

F. J. Sawyer.

♦

No. 31.
A SUSSEX YEW TREE.

The following paragraph is from the Brighton Herald for Feb. 27,
1892. This joiimal, it is pleasant to note, is always ready to chronicle
any matter of an antiquarian character, especicdly if, as in this case,
it relates to the County of Sussex : —

" The Champion Sussex Yew. — The Eector of Crowhurst (the Rev.
J. P. Bacon-Phillips) writes that he has had the celebrated (>owhur8t
yew tree carefully measured, with this result: — *The girth at base
IS 37i-ft. ; six feet from the ground, 27-ft. The only yew tree in
the South of England which, I believe, in any way compares to our
tree is in the churchyard of Crowhurst in Surrey, and, strange to say,
both the churches are dedicated to St. George. The Surrey tree,
perhaps, is larger at the base, but it does not look so healthy, and is
not to be compared to our tree in height, or in girth 6-ft. from the
ground. The Crowhurst people are very fond of their tree, and believe
it to be facile princeps of the Sussex yew trees.' Mr. Bacon -Phillips
remarks on the strange coincidences of two Crowhursts, each dedicated
to St. George, and each ha>'ing a princely yew of the same wonderful
dimensions, 37i-ft. The Crowhurst tree has grown 7i-ft. since Evelyn
and Charles II.*s time, two hundred years ago. Sussex piety (says
the Kev. H. D. Gordon) should give it some medal or inscription — not

CARVING (» FIM.IL 01 CHANCEL SCREEN
IN ST. NICHOLAS CIIUIICH. BRIGHTON.

fSml* Halt J^tl S1».J

NOTES AND QUERIES.

217

in any way injuring its bark, Imt detached from it : or even, nerhaps,

flit into the Cbun.'h porch on a tahlet, if there be none already there.
t has stood over lis all for '200 years unmatched, niiil proud as Nelson's
flag. For West Sussex yews, the Stedham tree, 33 feet, seems to bold
its own as yet."

ON THE SITE OF PORTUS ADURNI AND THE HIVER
ADUH.

The following; communication from F. J, Harerfield, M.A., F.S.A.,
read at a meeting at Burlington Huuse, on March 3lBt, 1X92, is, by
kind permission of the Executive Oommittee, reprinted from the
" Proceedings of the Society of Antiqutiries of Loudon" (xiv. p. 112),
with a few minor additions: —

" The compiler of the Notitia lyignitalinn mentions among the
nine fortresses under control of the ' Comes litoris ^axonici per
Britanninm' a certain Poi7«s Adurni, garrisoned by a Nuvietitt
exploratorinn. It has been usual to place this fortress ou the tidal
estuary of the little river Adur, a few miles west from Brighton. The
esact site has been a matter of dispute. Mr. C. Houch Hmith at one
time maintained thi- cause of Bramber Castle ; i)tlter8 pointing to
names and certain Homan remains, suggest Aldrington and Portslade ;
others, again, liave stippuHed, with Camden, that the sea hos washed
away the fortress ns it has washed away so much else on the Sussex
coast, None of these theories have any real probability. The claims of
Bramber were given up by Mr. Koach Smith himself. As he wrote
to me in 1888, he ' was too sanguine in expecting to find remains of
the caitruM at Brnmber : he could find no Roman masonry there,'
and as a matter of fact the only Boman object ever discovered there
is a ' third-brass ' coin of Constantine. The finds at Aldrington and
Portslade ore admittedly unimportant to the searcher for a fortress,
and comprise nothing beyond unpretentious dwellings and interments.'
The third theory, which takes refuge in the encroachments of the sea,
is obviously incapable of proof or disproof. Practically we may say
that the case for jilncing the tortrces on the Adur is this : that,
despite the complete absence of material remains, the similarity of
name between .W" rut and 'Adur' is couclusive.

An ottempt to trace the history of the river uame seems to give a
ditl'prent result. If I may antii:ipato my conclusion, it appean* that
antiijuories first placed Purlus Aihirni near this river for a reason (a
roTv had reason) which had nothing to do with any river name ; that
till' river was then cliristened ' Adur ' to suit their conjecture ; and
that finally the nanie Adur has been used to prove the site of Porlii$
Adarni. We have, in fact, an exact parallel to the Grampian Hills in
I'erthshire. For tojiographical reasons, that range of ItUhi wa.«

1. 9S. nic old

218 NOTES AND QUERIES.

selected by sixteentli-centiiiy antiquaries as the supposed Mons
Grampius of Tacitus ; it was then dubbed ' Grampian,' and the name
was used, till the blunder was detected, to prove the site of the hills.
The blunder in this case is cdl the clearer, because it has since been
ascertained beyond doubt that the correct reading in Tacitus is
Graupius. Similarly, there seems reason to think that the Anton, in
Hampshire, may have received its present name from antiquarian
theories, which in tiim it has been used to support. It is this which
makes it worth while to trace the fortunes of an obscure river name
and to add one item to a curious chapter in the history of geography.'

The first writer who attempted to locate Portus Adumi seems to nave
been Camden. In his Britannia (p. 223, ed. 1607) he placed it near
Aldrington, because he thought that a Saxon village-name Eadering-
tune, mentioned in Alfred's will, belonged there, and resembled
Adurnns enough to justify identification. The similarity is a poor one
at the best, and as the site of the Saxon village is to be sought in
Somerset rather than Sussex, we may dismiss it from our argument.'
The whole thing is, indeed, only another proof that the learned
Camden was by no means free from the vice of conjecturing^ — in other
words, that a ffood many of his theories, when brought to book, are
found to be based on almost incredibly inadequate evidence. It
is more notewoi'thy that Camden gives no name to the river, and,
though it is not clear whether a * nameless river ' which he mentions
in the context as rising at Slaugham is the Ouse or the Adur, it is
clear that he must have mentioned the name Adur if he had known it.
Other writers in the Elizabethan or earlier times appear equally
ignorant of the name Adur, and William Harrison, wnom I shaU
quote in full at the end of this note, actually gives the river another
name. It is a fair conclusion that, in the Elizabethan age, the name
Adur was unknown.

The deficiency was filled up a few years later by Michael Drayton in
his Polyolbion (Song xvii. 431), which was published in the early
years of the reign of James I. After mentioning the Lavant and
Arun, he continues :

* And Adur comming on, to Shoreham softly Bald,
The Downes did very ill, poore Woods bo to debase.*

This is explained by the ' Illustrations,' supplied (as Drayton's preface
tells us) in direct concert with the poet by Ids friend Selden. There
we read (No. 370) :

* This Riuer, that here falls into the Ocean, might well bee understood in that
Port of Adur^ about this coast, the reliques whereof, learned Camden takes to be
EdringtonCf or Adringtoti, a little from Shoreliam. And the Author here so calls
it Adur.^

* Compare a Pampycallo near Tadcaster invented by an antiquary to match the
Pavipocalia of the Havenna list (431-4).

■ Kemble, Codex Diploinaticns, 314, 1067, and index. I may here correct a
mistake made by Grough in his edition of Camden (ed. 1806, i., p. 270). He adds
a footnote to Camden's identification, "Edingbiime, Wise,'* which seems to
refer to Francis Wise's Asser.^ p. 77. If so, it is a mistake, for Wise thought
Ederington was Eddington in Wilts, and quite properly keeps it distinct fmn
Edingbume, which is another village.

NOTES AND yUKKIb^.

219

_ lain from this that Seldeu knew of no existing river named
AiluT, and Selden waa not only an antiquary but a Siifisex man, horn
near the mouth of the Adur. Indeed, he eaya (note 368) that at
' Shorhant Ferty ' in his day the river was called Weald-dich. It ia
plain also that Adur is a learned invention of Drayton's, and no more
a real name than, for instance, Sabryn in his line about ' Somereetian
maids on Sabryn's bank ' (iii. 10), Drayton lived in an antiquarian
age. Archfeological literature had lately begun with Leland, Lam-
barde, Carew aud Camden, and numerous pasHagee in the Poli/olbion
show that Drayton felt the effects. It would ho well worth while for
aomo student of English topography to examine the Qiieilen of Ms
place-names and determine the extent to which he has invented. The
case for the invention of Adur, at any rate, seems certain.

Another antiqiiary of the same age, John Nordeu, actually put a
Forttis Arundi at the mouth of the Ajun, obviously intending this to
be the Portua Adumi which he had no bettor reason to fix efiewhere.
Norden counted for a speeially careful luapmaber, and it is plain that
he, too, knew of no name Adur.

We have, indeed, ao far as I tan discover, no further mention ol
a river Adur until well within the eighteenth century. Drayton's
Poluolbion was not widely read, and it is not till 1710 that Hermann
iioU gives ' AduT ' on his map. He was followed by other nutp-
makew, Budpen (1724), Price (1730), Eocque (17BI), Jeffreys (1761),
all without local knowledge, and, after that, by all mapmakers.
Even so the name did not spread at once or without opposition.
Baxter, in his Ghssnrium AiiUqiiiUittnn (I>ondoii, 1712 and 1733) waa
clearly ignorant of it ; he denounced the name Aihirnus as ' Wtiosus,'
and wished to rend ' Madumus ' (pp. 8, 198). iStukely mode a
similar suggestion in 1723, and Horsley in 1732 was obviously
unconscious of any 'Adur,' for he puts the fortress at Porchester.
Even Gough much later does not seem quite happy about the name.
Two writers openly assert that the name is an invention. The author
of the Mngtia- BrUimnia in 1730 obsor^-es that ' the Portus Adumi, we
suppose, gives ground for the conjecture that the river Lb called Adur'
(p. 535), and a Sussex correspondent of Stukely's, L. Tibbine of
Norton, in 1741, is even more explicit:

' Un whnt niittioritjr does the author of tbo new men of Kiikm;x cull Sliorclism

rivrr IE. Adur ': I irf;>h there na» fus ntrong crldeuce of the name of Ihut

rinT n» of ova river [Lovnnt] : then Fortui- Adunii would not be to be sought.'
Correnpondenei; of Smkely, ed. Lukic, iii. S-M (Siirtees 8oc., 80).

If we now sum up, wo find that, right down to the middle of the
eighteenth centurj', archieologists who luentiim the river or the Portvs
AdttTHt are conspicuously i^orant of any name Adur, and that the
one ocotirrence of the name, in Drayton's poem, ia accompanied by the
definite statement that the name is invcnttHl for the occasion. This
seems to me tolerably conclusive proof that ' Adur' ia not the original
name of the river, and that here, as elseifhere, tradition has been spoilt
by the inventions of an antiquary and the plagiarism of mapmaxors.
But if we lose the name 'Adur,' we lose our only reason for placing
the Portus Adumi where it haa usually been placed. Two questions
arise, tho site of the fortress and the original name of the river.

220 N0TE6 AND QUERIES.

As to the former we have little evidence. The names in the Notitia
are not arranged in geographical order, and our fortress may have been
anywhere on the south-east coast, as the hitherto identified fortresses of
the Saxon shore lie between Brancaster and Pevensey. The mouths of
the Sussex rivers are not specially likelypositions, because, important as
they might be in a modem invasion of ^gland, they then led only into
the forests of the Weald.* We may perhaps suggest with Horsley
that Porchester is not wholly improbable. It is just not too far west.
Its name contains one, though the less important, part of the Boman
name (port). It is almost the only fortress available which resembles
the ruins of the other fortresses of the Saxon shore, Pevensey, Stutfall
(L3rmne), Burgh Castle, and the rest. Indeed, it resembles some of
them in the curious absence of Koman roads leading to the sites
which suggests a fleet and water communications. It is moreover just
possible that the lists of the Anonymits Eavetuias may support this
view. In them (Parthey and Pinder, p. 426) we find Ardaoneon
between Venta Velgarom (Winchester) and Begentium (Chichester).
But the extraordinary corruptions of these lists almost defy treatment,
and the arrangement is often misleading.'^ The only alternative which
I can suggest for Porchester is Felixstowe, now known not to beOthonae,
and the remains at Felixstowe seem to be very nearly all destroyed.

The question of the actual name of the Adur is even less easy to
settle. We have one definite and early statement, made by a high
authority who had visited the river, W. Harrison, in his Description
of Britaine (in Holinshed, ed. 1577, i. p. 21) :

* The next ryver that we came unto west of Brighthemston is the Sore, which
notwithstanding I finde to be called Brember water in the auncieut Mappe of
Merton Colledge in Ozforde.'

Harrison's statement stands by itself. Parish and estate records
seem to throw no light, and the map he saw, though seen by others
since, is said by GK)ugh {British Topography^ i. 86) to have vanished
before his own time.® But the term * Bramber water ' is an old one.
It appears, as the Eev. W. D. Macray tells me, in a Magdalen College
deed dated 2 June, 1438. This deed is a confirmation by the Duke
of Norfolk to Sele Priory of an earlier grant * with a special grant
of the mills and fisheries from the church of Old Sorham to the
place called Bedenge, and all other profits of the water of Brembre.'

* The Sussex castles at Arundel, Bramber, and Lewes are due probably to trade
in the harbours afforded by the tidal estuaries, then larger than now. There is no
reason whatever for supposing any of the three fortresses to have been occupied
in Koman times.

* The Ravenna geographer probably used a Koman map of the third or fourth
century. One cause of error seems to have consisted in reading off the names in
order alon^ the map without notmg whether the places themselves were similarly
situated with respect to the names. Hence, e.g., we may explain the insertion of
I>avaris (Lavatrae) between Vinovia and Catabactoniimi (Cataractonium), in a
section which apparently goes from the Wall (Lineoiugla-Linea Valli ':) to York
(p. 431). The two parallels from other parts of the lists which 8eeck quotes
(^otitia^ p. 180), namely Ardua and Adron, help very little.

® Nothing is to be foimd in the maps of Christopher Saxton (1575, reprinted
1642, 1652), or P. Plancius (1592), which leave the river nameless. The Sele
papers in Dugdale's Monaaticon and Leland's Itinerary do not allude to tiie river.

NOTES AND QUERIES. 221

The earlier grant, tbua cjofirmed, is dated 1331 or 1232 (Oart-
wriglit'a Rape of Ariimlci, pp. 224-5, Sele eliartora No. 9), and there
we TiBTt- tho same meutinn of the water of Itramber. Such a method
of Qomeuclature obviously resemblea Tibbina* 'Shorebam river,' the
' Deeding: river' alluded to by a writer in the Siasfx Arckaoiogkai
ColUctiom (zzvii. 98^, and the 'Weald-ditch,' which Seldeu ^vee
aa the name af the Adur in his day. Such a method of naming:
a river from places along ita banka is quite common. During my
own acquaintance with the river (1884-92), I have never heard the
country people call it anything Imt 'Shorehnm river,' and rarely
that. Tliere would, indeed, be no a priori objection to the view
that the river before 1710 was nameleae. Either the Quae or the Adur
waa namelesa to Camden. The Ouae i* called ' anonymua ' by Baxter
{^Olasiarhim, p. 147), and other inatanceiB are common. The frequency
of ' Avon ' suggests that in Keltic times, too, a river waa often known
by no better name than ' river.' 8uch nameleaaneas would be all the
more possible in the caao of email streams like the Adur, moat of
which is still an arm of the sea. Sut at present Harrison's definite
asAertion that he visited the river and it was called ' Sore ' mnat hold
the field, and liarriaon'a accuracy is auch that his atatementa are not
to be challeng<.-d without very aerioua cause. Sore, it may be added,
is perhaps more than a mere variation on Shoreham, as there is at
'-- ione other river of the name in England."

A BRIGHTON ACCIDENT IN 1808.

The following amuaing deacription of an accident which took place
at Brighton ia from the Globe for Monday, July 1 5lh, 1 808. The Chalk
Pit mentioned, waa opposite to where Wykeham Terrace now standa ;
it is marked upon old maps of Brighton. The posta and railn round
the Steine figure in several well -known priiilH. "rho term " whiskey,"
OS applied to a conveyance, haa long aitice died out at Brighton.

" A oiiigular and ludi('n>u8 accident happened at Brighton, on
Thursday evening, and which had very nearly mot with a fatal termi-
nation. A gentleman from Lewea, in a whiskey, having alighted at
the door of the Coach and Horaett Inn, in North-street, left a boy to
take care of hia horse, while he enterbd the house. The gentleman
had scarcely disappeared, when two sailors, who had but a short time
before been lauded froni the Dapper gun-brig, being two of tlie crew
of that VBS.sel, passing and observing t)ie chaise empty, were determined
til indulge themselves witli a ride. The remonstrances of the boy were
iiteSeetual, the lars were presently seated, and the whip being forcibly
applied to the horse, he dashed up North-street, at full apeed, the
aaJlora huzzaing, and calling out to the people in the street to clear
the road. Beaching the extremity of North-street, the horse, by the
regular road to it, entered the chalk-pit beyond it ; when it became
impiissiblti fur him to proceed further that way, he turned himaelf
about, and dashed down North-street, with the same fury aa he had

222 NOTES AND QUERIES.

previouslj passed up, one of the sailors still applying the whip, and
the other roaring out to the people to clear the way. The conxusion
in the street was now general, down which the chaise passed in safety,
but on reaching the Steyne, the horse, in lieu of turning off by the
road to the right, took a leap at the fence, breaking one of the posts
short off, and carrying away two of the rails. One of the sailors was
thrown out of the chaise by the shock at the instant, but not much
hurt ; while the other, who was pitched from his seat on the brick
pavement of the Steyne, shortly after, had two of his ribs and his
collar-bone broken. The Surgeon of the gun-brig being on shore,
and hearing of the accident, repaired to Mr. Newnham's, Surgeon,
took the man under his care, and soon after had him removed in a
boat to the vessel." J. S.

No. 34.

BELICS AT AN OLD BRIGHTON INN.

For this paragraph the Editor is indebted to the Brighton Herald
for April 9th, 1892 :—

'' During the demolition of the famous old hostelry, known as ' The
Unicom,' in North Street, some interesting relics have been brought
to light, including some 20 or 30 old coins, both English and foreign.
Among the more notable of these is a quarter anna issued by the East
Indian Company; an English half-fartlung issued in 1844; and a good
specimen of the grand old penny of Geo. III., bearing the date of
1767. One of the most curious is a Eussian penny, of somewhat rude
coinage, dated 1788 (when the notorious and imperious Catherine II.
was Empress). The obverse shows the monogram * I.E.' within a
wreath ; the reverse is a double-headed spread eagle, surmounted by
a small crown, with the initials *C' and ^M' at the base. Another
curiosity is a stoutly-made brass button, an inch in diameter, decidedly
' horsey,' — a well-formed horse's head standing out in bold relief in
the centre, with a race-horse above this and a cart-horse below. The
greatest find, however, is a stone of about a foot in length and about
nine inches in width, and some nine inches in thickness ; in fact, it
resembles a piece of an ordinary kerb-stone. On the smooth face of
it are rudely carved : —

1693

G
W M

As it was discovered at the foundation of the centre of the North
Street front of the old inn, it is conjectured that the original house
was at the comer of what is now Windsor Street, and that a westerly
addition was made to the house in 1693, the stone found beinff probably
the foundatition stone of the new building. The letters * W ' and *M'
doubtless stand for William and Mary, who occupied the Throne of
England at the date named. It is probable the 'G' stands for 'Gunn,'
the owner of the freehold at the period. One of the title-deeds of the
earlier house (dated 1635) alludes to the house as having been built

NOTES AND QUERIES. 223

in Giinn's 'fields' (or common laines). Then, again, a deed dated
July, 1698, states * one Gunn sold the farm house, bam and roads to
Jolm Humphrey.' The tenant of the house at this latter date ' being
one Gold.' The stone, therefore, is a curiosity in its way, and doubt-
less Messrs. Smithers and Son will find a fitting comer for it in their
new building about to be erected."

No. 35.

WORTHING V. TABRINO IN 1789.

The following lines are from the Ladies* Magazine for 1789 :•
Written on the Sea-Beach at Worthing, May 20th,

Worthing farewell !
To thee, and thy inhoepitable shores,
I'll bid adieu ! and fly to climes far off,
Where I may meet inhabitants more gentle ;
With men, whose minds, congenial to mr own.
Are ever bent to learn that best, most noblest,
And most arduous task, to make the draught.
The bitter draught of life, go easy down.

Amid the toil and bustle of this short.
This transient life, what man would wish to lire,
If not sometimes with mutual intercourse.
Each sex with other joined, in chat familiar,
And with innocence combined ? 'Tis thus
The tedious hours with pleasure he beguiles ;
Thus, freed from all the tumult, and the noise
Of active business, he happiness secures.

Did not thj even sands, and placid waves.
Invite the sicklj stranger to thy shores,
Thy name, O Worthing ! soon would be confiu'd
To dark oblivion.

Of manners rough, and language most uncouth,
In charge exorbitant, who*d dwell with thee
Longer than strong necessity compels P

If gentle B s had not with grateful smiles.

And conversation mild, my evening walks
Most graciously adom*d, I had, of men,
Been most uncomfortable and forlorn :
But she, with kind complacence, and with gay
And lively sense, amid the taunts, and frowns,
Of studied ignorance, with pleasing converse.
And with grateful mien, her leisure hours
With me most generously did share. For which.
Thou charming maid, accept my warmest thanks.

Nor ye, my Tarring friends, refuse the just.
The warm effusions of a grateful heart !
Under your hospitable roof, the hours
Unnoticed, and untold, did swiftly pass.
Nor one unhappy minute intervene.
With men like you I'd ever wish to dwell :
With you, my time most happily would pass ;
Of open generosity profuse.
And virtuous sensibility replete.
What man would ever leave such worthy friends,
Did not his avocations call him thence P

224 NOTES AND QUERIES.

If dire necessity^ should e'er again
Compel mj weak, and wand'ring steps, to seek
Old Neptime*8 comfortable, strengthening waves.
Thee, Worthing ! I shall gladly pass, and still
Remembering former friendships, dealt profuse.
To hospitable Tarring bend my way.

T. C.

No. 36.

ENCAUSTIC TILES AT DUREFOBD ABBEY AND

SELBOBNE PBIOBY.

In looking through Gilbert White's account of the Prioiy in his
'^ Natural History and Antiquities of Selbome " (edition published
1853, edited by Sir William Jardine, Bt.), I was surprised to find at
page 245 (letter XX.), a woodcut representing " eight Encaustic tiles
from the Priory, now (1788) forming the floor of the summer-house in
the farm-house garden," three of which tiles resemble, almost exactly,
three tiles found at Duref ord Abbey, and represented in their restored
form in Vol. VIII., p. 61 of our " Collections," and numbered respec-
tively 1,3, 12. Mr. W. H. Blaauw does not allude to this coincidence,
though he mentions Selbome as being only seven miles from Duref ord,
and quotes White's account of the manufacture of rushlights in his
article on '^Dureford Abbey." I may add that these, with other tiles
from the abbey, almost the only relics of Henry de Hoese's foundation,
are in our Society's Museum.

C. T. P.

No. 37.

BELICS OF MEDIJEVAL LEWES.

In excavating, in November, 1890, for the cellarage of the new
Unicom Inn, in the High Street (next the White Hart Hotel), the
workmen found at the depth of seven feet some fragments of pottery,
a broken iron spur, much corroded, a bone needle, some three inches
long, a boar's tusk in very good preservation, the core of a goat's
horn, and teeth, bones and portions of skulls of oxen, swine and other
animals. The pottery and spur are considered to belong to the 13th
or 14th Century.

Some days after the find referred to, in digging a drain at the back
of the premises, portions of an earthenware jug were found, covered
externally with a greenish-yellow coloured granulated glaze. I have,
fortunately, been enabled to put these pieces together, and, with the
exception of a fragment or two, the vessel is perfect, and forms an
interesting specimen of the potter's art of the 17th Century. The
above are now in the Museum.

C. T. P.

^ The author was at Worthing for the benefit of eea-bathing.

SOTBB USD iPCESnS. ^^

BELICS OF ANCIENT LEWES.

The workmen engaged (Ffh^ 1892,) in daaring tke site of the new
Municipal Buildings, found bu2l into an old wall under the kitchen of
the Star Hotd, and in other parts near, some dozen pieces of worked
stone, portions of mouldings, pilasters, ibc^ among them three segnieut«t
of arches boldly carred, two with a diamond-shaped pattern of mould*
ings, with rows of pellets, and quatrefcnl ornament in centre, the third
having a dogtooth moulding, the woik upon all three being in excellent
condition. From their resemblance to some of the carved stonowt)rk
from the Prioiy, in the Museum, I am induced to think that they wore
brought from thence, another instance, if so, of the use of that buililiug
as a quarry in former times. By the courtesy of the Corporation of
Lewes, these interesting remains are now placed in the Museum.

0. T. P.

No. 39.

DISCOVERIES AT FBISTON CHUliCTL

In announcing the then approaching services in oonncH^ilon wUli flu*
re-opening of this Church, after extensive alterations, thn Niinlfmiiffif^
Chronicle for March 5th, 1892, gives the following piiHifMilni*s, v^ lili'li
are of sufficient importance to call for a more portuaniMii rititiMMt llmii
that afforded by the columns of a newspapur, luiil nr^, (iMM'ufiMKt
inserted in these " Notes " : —

^^The work has disclosed many evidences of thn ^rnrtl tttiflijMllv '*'
the building, canying its history back to pre-C'Omiunsi fiiiiim. liKfiiMlUN
of the original doorway, and of one window on thn mimiIIi mIiIm, mm<
now plainly visible. The architectural fnaitinm of ilin nlifitii'Ml, w hh'lt
are unique, had been thoroughly destroynd hy [in l>nhl^' iiiiiitn In h<t'i«UH
the huge monuments of the Selwyn laniily of Ki')«ifoii lliifn Thn
floor had been lowered and the archns iiiid wIimIowm lilncknil m|( tiH
either side. The monuments have now Yinnn rmiiMviMl, ui\i\i*¥ fMinlh,
into the transept, and the arches and winilowM Mpnnnfl imH TIm'hm
arches, springing east and west from thn sninn vnr\itt\n mm llMtl Mi^t t IIim
entrance to the chancel, and of the sanin fonn, iiin nt V'f t- hin\k 'ImIm.
and seem to have been formed as r(Hnmntm In flm lliii'ltn^HM iii flu mmII
to give the idea of a cruciform Cfmnirui'iUtti. 'I'lfn n\i\h hIm^Imhm m^ (Iih
chancel are of late 13th Century ^fttrkt <it^f '^'^ ^1*^' NMHilt Ht»|) mII||
bearing the consecration crosses, Ai Uki Im^lt nf llfH nllMf h |M<MnlMt
recess was disdosedf six feet long, and mm'Im"1< ^UU*U Uhi\ H|f|mM<«|lll
formed a re-table or recess for ih#f nnmiiti*hi»i 'i'ltn lUii^iU iivfm
anything in the nature of a vmtry, aimI llf)« Ims wi^ I^hh htUM
The pu^>it and font are mmttf )iui luutU Uh¥h itnl |MtfntlMM| flM^M
re-placement at present. Tli« nuft Is n u*t\th* nunf |i>.Mi|}Hf fn* M«
immense oak beams and th« tmrtttn] iwniUiUin^ ttt MV»»f |f fHf»»«f 'I mm»*
were hidden by plaster ami whIimrMh, hni «fM iMm M»f»/i*M niihH hs
originally designed. The Vicar has himself tM^hMi mtti numrn'm

226 NOTES AND QUERIES.

a Holy Table, partly out of old materials, with bevelled pilasters at each
comer, and a carved frieze of vine scroll work surmounting the open
arcade which forms the front." J. S.

No. 40.
TREASUBES FOUND AT HASTINGS.

The following appeared in the Southern Weekly News for Nov. 15,
1890 :—

^^ Sometime last spring, while the earth upon the Castle Hill at
Hastings was being removed, in connection with the recent excavations
for the new lift, a laree round bronze seal was discovered. It is about
two inches across, and is engraved upon one side only. On the other
side is a broken projecting piece, which probably was used for securing
the seal to some object, there being also slight traces of siding. The
device represents a large, equally branched cross, within a circle or
fillet. In the centre of the cross is an Abbot's mitre, with two labels
fringed, and the quarterings are, Ist and 4th quarters, a crown (com-
posed of three fleur de lys\ and 2nd and drd quarters, a dagger or
short sword. Ijie seal is now in the possession of Mr. Charles Dawson,
F.G.S., of Uckfield, who recognised the arms as those of the ancient
Abbots of ^^Battell." Mr. Dawson has also some bronze axe heads,
and a bronze dagger hilt (bearing a device of arms, &c.), flint arrow
heads and other implements, as well as some decorated pottery, &c.,
found at various times on the Castle Hill, Hastings, and also a small
deer antler from the newly-discovered *' subterranean forest" on the
crest of the Castle Hill, penetrated by the new road. These objects
will shortly be described to the Sussex Archsdological Society at
Lewes.*'

No. 41.

A SUSSEX SHEPHERD'S GIFT.

The Society's Museum has received a larg^ and interesting addition to
the collection of PrsB-historic exhibits in the shape of some 700 Neolithic
flint implements (Sussex) from the district of Eastdean, comprising
celts, hammer stones, scrapers, flakes, chisels, &c., presented oy Mr.
Stephen Blackmore, a shepherd of Eastdean, who, with a quick eye,
much patience, and great discrimination, had by degrees accumulated
a large and varied collection. Desirous of supplying those varieties
our Museum lacked, and of retaining a portion of his gatherings in
his native county, he has taken the very proper andpractical course
of placing them under the Society's charge. As H!on. Curator, in
recording and acknowledging this welcome gift from the lowly Sussex
shepherd, I would impress upon Members, as well as the public at
large, the desirability of emulating his example, and by that means
rendering our small Museum more worthily representative of the Sussex
of the past. C. T. P.

NOTES AND QUERIES. 227

No. 42.

THE PENDBELL FAMILY.

The subjoined paragraph, cut from a straj leaf of the Mirror^
should be oompared with Mr. M. A. Lower's account of Mr. Charles
Pendrell, of Alfriaton, in Vol. X. of the "8.A. C," p. 189. Mr.
Lower, it will be noticed, does not mention Dr. Pendrell s son, whose
name and place of death are given here.

<<The Pendrils.

" To the Editor of the * Mirror,'

*'SiR, — From a note which I have just seen at the foot of the
interesting account of the escape of Charles the Second, in Vol. Y. of
the Mirror y the reader is led to conclude that the pension granted to
Hichard Pendril expired at his death. No such thing. Old Ihr.
Pendril lived, practised and died at Alfriston, a little town in the east
of Sussex, some forty or fifty years since. His son, John Pendril, died
at Eastboum, four or five years ago. His son, Mr. John Pendril, kept
a public house at Lewes a few years since, to which he added tne
appropriate sign of the ' Boyal Oak.' All these in succession enjoyed

the pension marks,' granted by Charles the Second, together with

something of a sporting character called ' free warren.' The last Mr.
John Pendril waHately Uving at or near Brighton.

•*W. W."

No. 43.

THE POYNINGS' PEDIGBEE.

Attention has been called, by Cecil Henry Hussell, Esq., of 27,
Brunswick Terrace, Brighton, to an omission in the Poynings' Pedigree,
in Vol. XV. "S. A. C.,' page 15, where a daughter of Michael Lord
Poyiiings (Margaret) is not mentioned among the children. A refer-
ence to a will on page 23 of the same volume shows that a legacy was
left to her.

No. 44.
A CORRECTION.

The Papeb on Towncreep. — I am sorry that, writing without the
volumes of the *' S. A. C." at hand, I have attributed (in notes 17 and
18, on pages 30 and 31 of this volume) a paper on ''The Measure-
ments of I^tolemy," &c., in Vol. XXXI., to Mr. H. F. Napper, which
was really written by Mr. Gordon Hills.

Edwakd H. R. Tatham.

^ It was a pension of 100 marks.

Q 2

228 NOTES AND QUERIES.

No. 45.

THE BIDGE FAMILY.

In a paper entitled " Notes on the Bidge Family, &c.," contributed
to " 8. A. C," Vol. XXXVn., page 116, I stated that the fanuly to
which William Bidge belonged was extinct. This I now find to be a
mistake, due on my part to a misapprehension of the meaning of a
remark in a letter from Mr. James Berry Morris, relating to the
'* Memorandum Book." Several members of the 8. A. 8. have cor-
responded with me upon the subject, and in correcting my error have
been good enough to supply some useful items of information relating
to members of various branches of the Bidge family. These additional
notes, together with copies of several early wills, may perhaps furnish
materials for a paper in some future volume.

John 8awykr.

No. 46.

''SUSSEX ABCHJEOLOaiCAL COLLECTIONS:'

Members wishing to complete their sets of '* 8. A. G." should not
miss any opportunity that offers for doing so. The early volumes are
becoming increasingly scarce and dear. I cannot supply Vols. II. and
m., and have but one or two copies each of I., IV., v., VIII., XIII.,
XVI., XVn., XX., XXI. and XXIV.

C. T. Philups, Hon. Librarian.

INDEX TO VOL. XXXYHI.

AbM. the. de la lliTifre, the firnt cleric

to adopt n peniko, HI.
Abbta perTuqutU, origin of thi' l*nu. 82.
Adur, liiver. DrHj'tun's aHunou to it,

aiH.

AduT, IUtct, pn>tcEt« ogtuiwt lt« being

thiia t^led, 21U.
AdtiT, Kivci, Si-ldon'e ttioarkB upon it,

318-219.
Alb, Uie, wheii worn, ";t,
Aldbonmgh (tlie Romiui lauriattt), it«

wiilli> covered upincuunicot agea, TA.
Aldingboumo Churcli, nttompt ut cou-

flJTictionnl poljchronu' at, 1, note.
Ald»worth House, U!«d os a college, 'J7

Ald;*wortb College, iMirloiu st

ting to, 97, note.

Altw Ifgbte. Older relating to, im-ued
by Edward VI. (15«), lt)7, noU.

Altar ot the rood, position and uec of,
106. noU.

Amber and glasB bcadn, found at Soxon-
burr, 183.

Amberlcf Church, diworcry of a paint-
ing of the Virgin and Hulr (%ild in.
11.

Amice, the. what typical ot, 73.

Ancient canoe, remains of. diK-ovcrcd
at pBTeiisey, 200.

AxDiit, J. Lkwih, EiMi.. F.8.A., paper
on "MlKAL PAOTtSOS, Ac," 1-20.

Asnai, J., I.ewih, Km)., F.8.A., paper
on " WKin UKi!<aTB\n Chimck, &c.,"

Anticdotc nf a French Bivhop, Ml, note.

An engagement ring, 194.

ArdJngl; Chutvb, monuments in, to the
Ckilpi-ppen, kc, 118-119.

Ahlisutiih Chvoch, Sviihex, Xutes UN.
By Chahle« E. Powell. Yfn.. Archi-
tect, 1X1-188. Neglected condition
of i;burch previouAly to rmtonitiuu :
dMliaationtoSt. Pancnu ; the building
nu^nlr Decorated, but dating from
nuctmirr period; dearth of documen-
tal^ oTidence ; HUppoi<ed Romano-
Itritiih lite; portions of existing
Kaxou, Norman, Traufitional nnd
Upiimit«d work ; plan of Soion
cbutch ; a Saxon window, 184 ; Indj-
catlonti of two flrr? at ditTerent dsteii :
dlBcuvei^ot an urn beneath thcchurch

floor, 185 and note: cbau try, attached
to the Dlanor of (.^rerhum ; iU con-
nection with the Earla of Liverpool ;
form of church aa eidnrged in the
Tranititional period : detail" ot arch,
iiK. ; plan of the Decorated and later
work, 18U ; iwcrtion of Perpendicular
windoWD ; dunmge in Puritan time« ;
■numl decorations; text*. 187 and
vote ; Bummarj of aucceunvc periods,
188 and nol(.

Arlington Church, Anglo-Saxou window
in, 184.

Arlington Church, Caen stone column
found in wall of porah of, 187.

Arlington Chuich, discoTcry of cofSn
elabe in. ISS, ibid, note and 188.

Arlington Church, ditHJorery of a large
nm in, 185.

Arlington Church, incised marVing* in,

Arlington Chtirch. it# deplorable con-
dition bctor<t restoration . 184.
Arlington Cburth.lcpor window in, 186.
Arlington Church, traces of suc<;c«ive

flrcx at, 185.
Arms granted to the Sui-eei Sclwyns in

lUll, 1U5.
Anna ot PeUalt first recorded to 1034,

and again in lil02, lUO.
Ahnqld, Ri«. F. H.. M.A., LL,B.,

paper on " Memoik^ nr Uus, Oi.u-

riKLU, 4c.," 83-98.
Arundel, Charles, and a charge of oon-

spiracy in 1583, lU.
Anmdel Church, pointing ot the Seven

Acts of Mercy, on wall of, 17,
Arundel Cliurch, painting representing

the devil creating mortal sins, Ac, 17.
AHhbumham Park, the eea probably

close to. in remote times, 29.
AHhburahEun, The Right Hon the Karl

of, excavationB at Towntjeep, oarried

out by, 22.
A"hbiirn Valley, it* level bottom, 29.
A'hbuni Valley, once probabtv riivc

witbcf-

Ashbum Volley the. probably a tidal
estuary In the Middle Agen. 27.

Anbuint Parish, unmentioned In Domes-
day Book, 47, note.

Axn-hoad, iron, found imbedded in an
oak tree at Towucri-op, 22.

BARNARD.

[ 232 ]

CHARLTON.

Barnard, Thomas, examination of in

1583, 114.
Barwell, Mr. (coadjutor to Warren

Hastings), his career, and services, 96

and no^.
Battle Abbey, purchase (in 1512) of two

candlesticks, for tapers to be kept

burning before the high altar, 59,

note.
Battle Church, painting of '* The Three

Living and Three Dead," on the

walls of, 17 and 18.
Battle, '*new road'* from Lewes to,

constructed in 1813, 25.
Beard, the question of wearing, a cause

of scandal in the Church, 78.
Beedin^ Priory, Chancery suit in re, 116
"Beedmg River,'* early name of the

Adur, 221.
Bequest, by William Pellet, of Steyning,

of 60 cartloads of stones to mend the

way between the forge and Charlton,

103.
Bemardi, a Fleming, his paintings at

Chichester Cathe<&al, 4.
Bignor Church, aumbry placed in north

wall of chancel of, 57.
Bignor Park, lease of (1584), 115, note.
Bignor Park, purchased in 1584, by

Richard Pellatt, 115 and notes.
Binior, stone (date 1632), with arms of

Pellatt, &c., in wall of house there,

123.
Bignor Villa, its situation, near the head

of River Arun, 30, note.
Binstead Church interior, once entirely

covered witti pictures, 5.
Black, chosen as the clerical colour in

16th century, 81.
Bishop's gloveSy their bestowment con-
nected with the feudal system, 75.
Bodiam, '* Chaunsell before St. Gilis,"

in Church of, 196.
Bodiam Church, bequest for mending

the ** Boteraces " m, 196.
Bodiam Church, ** rode," or rood, in,

196.

Bodiam Church, bequest of ''Kene"

and " Heyfers" for the ''Reparadon"

of, 196.
Bolney, Manor of, acquired by Pellatt

familly, 116.
Bonaparte's escape from Elba, in 1815,

87.
Bonomeo, Cardinal, orders his clergy

to dress in black (1565), 81.
** Bos gentleman," meanmgof the tenn,

87 and note.
Bos Longifrons, skull and bones of,

found at Pevensey, 199.
Bosham Church, discovery of a painting

of the Virgin and Holy Child, in, 11.
Bramber Caistle, its situation, near the

head of the River Adur, 30, note.
** Bramber Water," early name lor ihe

Adur, 220.
Brede Valley, the, from Winchelsea to

Whatlington, once a tidal estnazy,

27.
Brighton Accident, a, in 1808, 221.
Brighton Inn, relics at a, 222.
Brighton, St. Nicholas' Church, 216.
Broadstairs and its famous chapel by

the sea, 132.
Browne, Col., anecdote of, 86, note.
Buncton Chapel, description of, by Mr.

M. H. Bloxam, 203-205.
Buncton, document relating to the pre-
sentation to the Chf^>el, of, 204.
Buncton, its connection with Sele

Priory, 204.
Bure, a coarse woollen stuff, 71 note.
Burton Church, curious figure of a

female saint, crucified head down-
wards, on wall of, 15.
Burton Church, Royal Arms (date 1636),

on South side of, 19.
Bury, souvenir of the Great Frost of

1634, at, 210.
Byne, Jacob de, one of the Jurors in

making the Non» return lor West

Grinstead, 47, note,
Byne, Julyana, vnfe of Philip de, gift

of lands to Sele Priory, by, 47, nUe.

Calendar, a, of the Deeds and other
Documents in the possession of the

SrSSEX ARCH.KOLOGICAL SoCIETY (cotl-

tinuedfrom Vol. XXXVII. pages 39
and 190). By E. H. W. Dvnkin,
Esa., 137-140. [The documents are
numbered from 459 to 477, both
inclusive.]

Caryll, Edward, Esq., examination of,

in 1583, 114.
Chailey, pottery works at, 202.
Challoner " young," arranging for his

marriage, curious incidentTlffi.
Chftrlton Manor, leased to William

Pellatt by Abbess aoxd Conyent of

Sion, 110.

[ 233 J cymen's ora.

Charlton, Slttuor of. doscent of. Ill .
CliHrlton. &taDor of. pnrohaBod from

Ihi' (.Town by WUtiam PeUatt, 1557.

110.
nmrlton, Manor, rsluc at, to 1.t87,

till.
Cbartptuun, Kmt, lotidn to, boqucntlied

by John I'cUet, 14H7, lOl-Ktt.
ChatubU derivatloii of the term, 76.
CbatubU, emblematic meaning; at, H.
Chichester Cathednl, £10 griven tor lt«

Topair 11)04, by ThcnuAH PeUatt, 126.
ChKne«(4irCsthecti«l,ciutam astobani-

ing Itipijn oa great festivals m 13th

cuntiUT, SO.
Chichi'stCT Cathedrnl, the Preccntot of,

Probeudarj of Ovinp, 193.
ChilUngton Cbttrdh. two iwls of fresco

deeunE, one orcr thv otliur, oa WEilla

of.?.
ChJchwter, dii<coTery{In 1821!) of a 12th

centuiy natotins of the Virgto and

Holy Child, in the Bishop's privatt

chopel, 11.
ChiiJie^ti-r, Romaa Corn Jlortor, found

in. 20».
{^ivhFKtt'r. token a, date 1TD4, found at

EaxtlKnimr, 202.
" Chiirth-ale." ri'(iirence« to, at Stem-
tog, to 1546, IW and nofc.
Churchwnnli-n Archilfcture, defined,

UW. nolr.
Cdwbury, »ugffCHt*«i origin of name of,

212.
Cintvrdan MonJu, and their disregard

of cleanltoexB, 65.
Citfiaui, the congregation of, founded

to 1008, 62.
Clement VII.. Pope, and bin bcaid. 79.
tinny. Hotel de, Parin. built to 1490,

fitnn protieedii of the effect* of the

Prtor of Leweti. 108.
Cusi

■ o» THi OnrTM, if. By
KiaOiiniini F. DicKirt, Bjiar., 3n-
4ii, Itorent acquMtion of the docu-
ment by France : courtesy of the
IHtuctnr -Oeneral of tlic National
lilbtiuy ; Len-CB I'lioTj principally
uonoempd to eiwutmgtnif ordinance :

Sal«m of givtog notice of death of
luiiac mnidcs in rmucc' and England ,
39 ; Why noticM were sent lo I«nguc-
villo Pnory ; decline oi thcs obwrv-
•ncv ; Dieppe and the Sumcx coatt ;
obligation of the Clunlac Prior to
ROdVc and trannnit noticcn ; penal-
tioo for neglect, 40 ; Dieppe and Rye
UDod «» ■coport* by the I'lantaeanct
King" ; definition of btarl or oedt-
roll, and of oWl, ibid, nolei ; nnturc
Hiul object of the (Jrdtoancc, -10-41 :

copy of tbedocument, 41-42 : defini-
tion of breve, 41, noU.
Cluuy, the congregation of, founded to

19.
djrmping Church, aumbriea placed to

ea£t widl of the chancel of, 56.
CiiDBisoTON, Kkv. H. H., D.D., paper

on ■'SiLVTs FAimji8,4c.,"16a-l«5.
Colbert, bis threat otprei'enting the im-

portatioD ofhalrmto France, 82, note.
Coldharboni, a name said to todicale

the 'ricinity of a Roman rood, 31 and

Coiuet, th«, of 176!>, audits ui tails, 194.

"ConcualBd" lands, meaning of the
term, 143.

CotutonUni) 11., gold coin of, found at
-Seatord, 202.

Cocilhnm, port^t of Queen EUmbcth
dixroTcred at, 210.

Cooper, John, of Slinfold (l.'i2li), hl>
TUL-ntion of a rood to chnivh of, B.nole.

C«pc, orjgto of the, 76.

CoHKiHii Chokh in Svmibx, a. By
AuthvkG. LitKonoH, 33-38. Andmt
croNU at KBHtboumc, 33 ; noticM of
other epccimenK to London and
Canada, ibid, tiott : the Eastboumo
example brought from Tredrea, by
Mr. Davje» IHddy, to 1817 ; rarity of
croHsee of this type, 34 ; description,
niHterial, condition, dimensione, 35 ;
details of omamentHtion, 35-3T :
uncertam age of, 37 ; specimen
probably used as a gat? poH, ibid.

Cotton. Dr., hi» connection with the

Poet Cowpcr, 121-123.
Cowf old CbiiTcli, canopy work connected

with rood screen, altar in, 50, hoU.
Cowfold parish, tmmentioned in Domes-

dar Book, 47, note.
Couiland/rocfi.monaKtic.thediiitinction

bctwuon ezplamcd, M.
Cowper, the Poet, hitt descent from the

PcUittt family, 121.
Cowper, William, his noble origm, 121.
" OroBi« " in churchyard of St. Morgarct

rat(.-ni<, London, eatlirst mention of.

101 m

1103.

■ famoiM

Crowhitfst, measurement oi

yew tree, 216.
Crotier, the, symbolic meaning of, 75.
Culpepper, the houw of, 1 18.
Chilpepper, Sir William, maninge with

Jane PeUatt, 1626, 117.
Cymen'»Ora,»ariotts sites of, Huggestcd,

313.

DALMATIC.

[234]

EXTBACrS.

Dalmatic^ the, assigned as a chief vest-
ment for deacons in 4th centuiy, 76.

Danes, the, tradition as to their ' ' knock-
ing down** the town at Towncreep,
22.

Defoe, description of Lewes by, 124.

Discovery ofJRomano-British Kbmains,
NEAR Green Street, Eastbourne. By
H. MicHELL- Whitley, Esq., F.Gr.S.,
160-162. Find of sevcrfd small circular
pits ; discovery of a large pit in 1891 ;
its dimensions, 160 ; traces of fire ;
list and description of contents of

f)it, 161 ; discovery of another pit of
arge size ; contents ; suggestion as to

the largest pit having been a rude

dwelling; reported former finds in

neighbourhood, 162.
Dish, fragment of a bronze, found at

Saxonbury, 181.
Doom, or Last Judgment, numerous

examples of, in fresco, in Sussex

Churches, 3.
Dragon, on Anglo-Saxon ornament

found at Saxonbury, 183.
DucKETT, Sir George F., Bart., paper

on ** Clvni Obits, &c.,** 39-42.

DucKBTT, Sir George, Bart., paper on

"GUNDREDA, &c.,*' 166-176.
DucKETT, Sir George, Bart., paper on

"Monastic Costume, &c.,** 60-82.
Dudley, a creature of Henry Vlll., his

matrimonial agency, 105.
Dudley, his residence at Findon, Sussex,

105.
DuNKiN, E. H. W., Esq., " Calendar

OF Deeds, &c.,** 137-140.
Duprat, Guillaume, Bishop of Clermont

(1535) forfeits his beard, 79.
Dureford Abbey and Selboume Priory,

Encaustic Tiles at, 224.
Dureford Abbey, lands in West Grin-
stead granted to, by Wm. de Braose

(in 1269), 46.
Durrington Chapel , demolished between

1648 and 1652, 159.
DurringtonChapel,itssilverchalice, 159.
Durrington Chapel, unsatisfactory state

of things at, &om 1638 to 1648, 157.
Durrington, ''reign of terror" at, in

1638-1648, 156.
Durrington, the whole of, copyhold and

freehold, formerly held under Manor

of Broadwater, 158.

Eastbourne, find of a Chichester Token
at, 201.

Eastbourne, old Cornish Cross in
grounds of Manor House, at, 33.

Eastbourne, St. Mary's Church, incised
markings of interlaced circles on nave
pillars of, and of fishes in chancel, 43.

East Grinstead, Assize at (in 1686), 139.

Ellis, The late William Smith,
Esq. , Obitv ARY Notice. By Captain
F. W. T. Attreb, R.E., 189-192.

EUis, W. Smith, Esq., list of MSS.
bequeathed by him to the Sussex
Archa^logical Society, 191-192.

Ellis, W. Smith, Esq., summary of
papers contributed by him to
** S. A. C.,** 191.

** EUises, Notices of the,** published by
W. Smith EUis, in 1857, 190.

Emsworth, copper halfpence coined by
Stride, of, 98 and ibtd. note.

Engagement ring, a Sussex, suit for the
recovery of, in 1612, 194-195.

English oaks, split by the frost, 210.

Evidence as to date of marriage of the
Conqueror with Matilda, 171.

Extracts, Some, relating to Sussex,
FROM the Exchequer Special Com-
missions, &c., IN 1584, &c. By Alex-
ander James Fenton, Esq., 141-159.
Explanation of the origin and nature

of these Commissions ; extracts from
the ** articles** or questions, 141-143 ;
Ferring, Kingston and Preston,
Inquisition as to the Chantry lands ;
** presentments ** of the men of Pres-
ton andKingston, 144-146 ; Poyninos,
Pycombe, Manor of Hulters, Stor-

RINGTON, SlINFOLD, BiLLINOSHURST,

Petworth, Midhurst, Mynsted,
Stedham, Elsted, Inquisition as to
lands, &c., ** concealed from the
Crown,** 146 ; Shoreham, deposition
of Frenchmen taken at the ** Lyon **
in Steyning (1673), as to a ship
unlawfully detained, 147 ; Cokbham
(in Sompting Parish), evidence in
a suit, Beauchamp v. Doggett (1697),
148 ; West Tarring ; Marlpost,
evidence in Eversfield v. Edsole,
claim as to right of cutting timber
on copyhold land, 148-151 ; Customs
obtaining in Sussex Manors, 152-154 ;
Shoreham enqiiiry as to concealed
lands in Old Shoreham, 154 ; West
Tarring, Durrington and Hbene
Commission in a suit for tithes (1652),
questions, evidence and remarks,
154-158 ; curious division of Sussex
Manors, 158 ; Durrington Chapel, its
silver chalice ; Heene Chapel, its font
used as a flower-stand, 159.

[ 233 ]

F^cftinp, poe**iwii»na ot the Abbry of,

in Ile^uigs, 134.
Ficauip. privileges of the Monks of tbc

Abljey of, in England, 134.
Fkitiix, a. J., Ewt., pa-per oii " E\-

Fernhunt Ctmrch, elegant iiuinbr7 in,

Femns. a tiTrier ot glebe lundu of the

TNUvh of, 14G.
Fuidon, londti In buqiietil ot, br Beiija-

miuPetlatt, 1IS3K. 118.
Flonutced, bin method of dcncribiug the

places of the fttara, 1114.
Food-cup, found at Hnxoivbury, 1C2.

" Fiian," the, Lcwea, dcHription ot

and its dvaixat, 124, 125.
" Fmn." the, of Lewe«, in haudj^ of

Pellatt tamilj, from 1&^9 to 1805,

124.
Friaton Church, aumbiT placed fn north

■wall of fhanccl of, -57.
Friaton Chnrcti, cnrioiu arcbctt in, 225.
Fri^lon Chtircfa, discovery of a recess at

back of altar in, 223.
Frirtou Chiirch, discoverieB at, 225.
FYiflton Church, masnve inaulded oaken

beaniH iu roof of, 225.
Friirton Cbmvh, rrmoral ot the Selwyu

inooiuneut* inl« the transept of, 225.
FtIkIou, tainilj of Sclwyn, misleading

t'pilaph on monument, 163.

GaUbrtiH. n cloth no called, i)9, note.
Uattu, (i. UvNo, Em., paper on the

" Hixstit ItocK, ic.," 120-13(1.
George III., hia viidt to Woolwich

Academy iu IS(K), H5, noU.
OUbcrt fMnily, of F*fltboumc, their ^

connection with Cornwall, 34. |

GIoTcn, found in coCBnc of Bishope and i

Abbota, 75.
Oodninn, John, Vicnr of Ferrinfc. and !

hi* " detraetion " of Kingston, 144. '
Untnick family, the, in u piumincnt
Hiition nt Cowfold ax early na 1 -tfiO,

m. '

GR«it Frwt of 1684, 210.

On'euWjwt,RnKtboume,dlRCofmi'lt("d '
lead found iu undent pit al, 101,

UucKtling. lie)riHlen>, the, 201.

tii'Muuiiu, (^ut'NTatM or Wahhvse : A
PAHTisn Woun ahoit iiKit, By Sm
(iBniuiK rtrcKOTT, Baht., 166-17B,

anndrcdn luidGherbord the Fleming;

in what sense culled ' ' SLtter of
liherbod " by GrdericuK Vitalla, 160 ;
ar. lAipold DelUle'B opinion, 167 ;
copy of u letter; the qur^tioD of
"fortcr M'rter" virtually settled, 168;
Gundreda probably the eldest of Duke
William'* children by MatQda ; the
vllcct ot thin in reepect ot legitimacy ;
the Papal interdict ; the Conndl of
Itheims ; the conHrmatioii of the
marriage ; Gnndroda's epitaph, 1611
find note ; hifitoricfil data for filing
(lundreda'n age, 171) : the tcvtimony
of William ot Jami4g«, 171 ; WUllara
and the Interdict, 172 and nott ; the
dinpcnuation, 173 ; the effect of a
tnsjriogc illegal in tho eyes of the
Church, 174 and noffj ; conclusion ;
Appendix. 176.
•uni&eda, Coiuiteu of Warenne,
reaKomi tor ai<(iigning 1047-K OB tho
date of her birth, 170,

Habcn, William, his beqncnt for point-

ingi in Kogate Church (l,i20). 4.
UailiihBm Church and the Civil War, 205.
Hair, the question of wcarinfr, a cauxe

ot teaudAl in the Church. IS.
Hammond, Mrs., her mode ot Uft- in

1790, IM.
Hwdham Church. intcrioronceentirel.v

covered with picture*, 5.
Uanlluun Church, mcdiievol piunting

iu, from Old Testament— on^ known

exiimple iu Suah-x, .>,
Ilurdlium Chtinb, t^nbolical paiuUng?>,

on wall of. 15-16.

HarriMin, Alexander, parM)n of Ford,
his bequcct to the light-bundng
before the " Blessed Sacrament" iu
tiia ohiircb, -W,

Hikrting Church, painting ot St. Helm
cm wallx ot, 1.1.

Hoxtlugs, All SaiDle C^hureb, cxtmrt
from churchwardens' accounts at,
relating to painting " Keryptitrc " on
walls of, IS.

Hastings, ancient bmnzc w.-h1 found on
Castle Hill at. 126.

HutingiitheFn^CliMpeloF, a.ii 134.1,
1S6.

HASTINGS.

[ 236 ] LAST SUPPER.

Hastings, treasures found at, 226.
Hastings, the ** Great Meadow ** on the

East Hill, held hj Abbej of Fecamp,

134.
Hastier, Edward, Rector of Bignor,

petition of, 1637 (?), 123-124.
Heene, a reputed Manor of, 158.
Heene Chapel, its ruins, window and

font, 159.
Henfidd Church, Royal Arms on north

wall at (date 1694), 19.
Heraldry and Sussex Monuments, 197.
"Heraldry, A Plea for the Antiquity

of," published by W. Smith Hfis in

1853, 189.
** Heraldry, The Antiquities of," pub-
lished by W. Smith EULb, in 1869, 189.
Herald*s Visitation of Sussex, 1634 —

PeUett's arms recorded in, 117.

Hilton, Henry, Esq., his beqnests to
Sussex parishes, 139.

Hippolyte, the name of Pellatt, said to
be a corruption of, 100.

Holy Trinity, Monastery of, at Caen,
built by Queen Matilda as an atone-
ment, 173.

Horsham, arrows made at, in temp. Ed.
ni., 214.

Horsham Church, an over "restored"
painting in ; ditto with gigantic bull-
rush sceptre, 6.

Horsham Church, curious picture in, of
the Lord between St. Peter and St.
Paul, 10.

Howard, John, the Philanthropist, por-
trait on Chichester token of 1794, 202.

** Hurstpieipoint, A History of," pub-
lished by W. Smith Ellis, in 1837, 189.

I. AND J.

Incised Markings on the Pillaus of
SOME Sussex Churches. By H.
MicHELL - Whitley, Esq., 43-45.
Markings in Church of St. Mary,
Eastbourne, interlaced circles in
Nave, fishes in Chancel only : similar
markings at Westham and Pevensey ;
Ust of markings in St. Mary's, East-
bourne, and Westham, 43 ; ditto in
Pevensey Church, description and
explanation of emblems, not mason's
marks ; fish-masons, or cup-marks ;

difficidty in arriving at meaning of,
44 ; interlaced circles in Arlington
Church ; fish-marking in Crypt of
Gloucester Cathedral, xHd. notes; fi^
s3rmboli8m; suggested explanations
of fish-marks, 45.

Influenza, the, preyalent in 1832, 92,
note,

Jacob, Rev. Mr., Principal of Aldsworth
House College, 97.

** Jugg's Road," contiguous to Saxon-
bury, Lewes, 182.

Kingston, Lewes, Important Discovery
OF Anglo-Saxon Remains at. Com-
piled by John Sawyer, 177-183. Site
of the find ; Anglo-Saxon Cemetery
or Battle Field, 177 ; Mr. A. Hillman's
nft to the Society's 3[uscum ; Mr.
B. C. ScammeU's notes; Mr. C. T.
^Phillips, details of finds of iron sword
blades ; ornaments ; umbo of shield,
&c., 177-181 ; visit of other members
of the S.A. Society to Saxonbury,
further finds, 181-182 ; summary of
burials ; area occupied by interments ;
the '* cemetery " crossed by ** Jugg's
Road ; " description of ** food cup ; "
182 ; signs of conflict ; description of

sword in scabbard ; beads; brooches,

&c. ; discoveiy of Anglo - Saxon

remains at South Mailing in 1830,

183.
Kingston, a free chapel, belonging to

the Abbey of Tewkesbury, iS.
Kingston Church, overflowed by the

sea, 144.
Kingston, suggested origin of name,

212.
Kirdford Church, curious symbolical

painting on wall of, 16-17.
" Kyng ale," at Steyning, in 1520, 104

and note.
** Kyng-play," the, at Steyning, in

1519, 104 and note.

Lady's shoe found at Pevensey, 200.
Lamberhurst Church, Puritanical name

in Registers of, 209.
Langdon, A. G., Esq., paper on

«• Cornish Cross, &c.," 33-38.

Lascot, Pierre, and his beard, 80.

Last Supper, four paintings of in Sussex
Churches out of a total of sixteen
recorded as having existed in England,

[ -m ]

Lewen, broken pottcir found new. 213,
Lewef, find of a ITUi century Jug, at

the WhUe Hut Hotel. 124.
Lewoa. its fituation, ucar the henil of

the ICJTer Ouse, 30, note.
liBwes, portiond ot old wftllc found iit,

200.
Lvwei Priory, note ou, 198.
Lcwtw Mory. find of furvod Ktoui-n

bniu^ht from. 325.
LcwpB Priorr, the hoiwo prindpnlly

ronccnicd m oiecuting thr OrdinMi™

for ObiM-TTmice of Obitn among the

Clnuloc Prlorii-B in England. .10.
LoweR Prior}', tbe uearent Cliininc

llonaaloiT to Longneville Priory,

between Dieppe and llouen, 42, tiole.
Lein>». relic* from St. PauiToa' Priory,

in Mnwum nt, 205,

Ix!wcs. rrliec of ancient, 22.").
Ijuwex, rellce of mcdigoTiL), 224.
IxTWei", rellcB from St, Panonw Priory,

205.
LiudHeld Chnrcb, the Virgin (f), iu<

Mediatrix in pointing there, 11.
Llttic Horsteid Church, aumbiy placed

in north vail ot etuinefl uf, 57.
■' Lockerhnm," beqm-st of, " fine

shoete " of, 112.
liong hair, the HK-nuncnt refui<ed to

men witli, TJ.
Iiong biiir, the wi^orinp of, denounced

Bf the pnu.>e of on epidemic in Kouen

ila KM), 70.
Txaxflcld, confused Bccount of the tUnor

cf, 131.
Lunilcy, the Mill of, an oci'ouut of, 97,

HanipU; the. and cluitnbU of Thoniii.-
k Ilecket, *till preserved in C'nthcdnil
of Sens, 73, noUs.

Honor of Koutbrnulling, rcntid roll of,

Bimuch, thought to
of wall pafutinKln. —

HortKflclcl Church, cuiioun paiutinp of
Angrlfl in, 7, nolr.

Hue, not to be oclctuntcd in a wig. 81.

Mugarrt Patens, Chuteh of. In Itmd
lAne, Lmidou, MS. fnventorire, nf
chnrcb plato (1470 nnd l.'ill], I<)2.

" Honor " a ntmidin^, bci[up«<t of, lUl
and nolt.

Hid Lorant Church, one of the Hov^n
Aeln of llercy, on wall of, 17.

Uld IxTant (.'hurrh, painting of Ihe
ScTni tSncrameutf. Mkid to have been
on wall of. IT.

" llinnis " Hock. derivBtiim of the
name, 129.

HitmiB Rock, reamnn for .'Uiipocing it
tn haTc been a chantry, 132-1^1.

UiiOl* BocE, The Hkrmitaoe, at
UlsTixoA. ByG.BTsnGATTii.Ewi..
1W-13«. Sir. M. A. LowcrVdcftcrip-
tion of the Hermitofcc : itu orinn
nnknowu : silundon and defiratlon
of name, t2f) : itn neglectod condi-
tion ; deiicription of plan, 130 ; the
Duxtrd hermitjijie ; the purpoM for
which hermitajTiw were cuniiirueb-d,
131 : (he " Miuui* Kock " nntuitablc
for a hermit ; uo nn-d t<ir three
ontmnDra to a hcrraitngc ; retatmf
tm nipporing It to hnrc been an

omtjiry, 1:12 - 133 :
TTuBtingx with the Abbey of F^-omp ;
■■ MinniB Rock," the property of the
Abbey, 134 ; dcKTiptiou of three
arches on the Biu>t Hill, Haatiuax ;
cuiiuiry into thcirorigin nnd Intended
tm, 135-130.

] Jtfilr«,rrmbolie meaning of its different

I |)art*i, 74-7.5.

I Sttlrti, chamcU-rigtie of 12lh ecntnry

I czampleB. 74.

I MuxAHTie Axo Enn.uiiAn'icAi. ComcHE,
Bwar NoTtcM nn. By Sta Geohok
DtcKOTT. BART.,(iO-82. ConrentiwI
nnd ecrlesln^tical drexi not preriously
discUBix^ in "S. A.C.,'•60;distinc-
} Won in drctm of cloistfr and ch<rir :
nmbignouB appellaUons of eotel and

I tunic, 01 ; the order of St. Benedict ;
the congregation of Clnny and of
Clteaux : the order of Chartreuse ;

I date of flrnt Benedictine monoBteiy ;

j tvlours of the orders, 62 ; the «everal

I parts of the BenedicUne costume, the
tiiMic, the latpuhr, 63 ; the tmcl ;
Cluniac breeches, soekfl, boots, shocf,
tap* and gloves ; coBtumc of Ben^c -
tine nuns ; pikhet, veils and mmplts,
64, and nolt ; regidations as to nnns

I wearing their hair ; the Cictcician
lule : lusnrioUB habits of the monkB

' of Clnny iu 12th eentuiy ; ansterity
of the Cirtercinns ; clcudinesa ^•
regard of, by Cinterctans, 63 ; modiJl-
catitmB in Benedictine drens tn l?th
century ; iiuotation from Mobillon on
the dn-Bj of the Denedlctines Eroni
Stb to Hth centnries ; ditt« in 10th
nnd lltb ceutnries, lie-ll7 and Hof«:
UabQlon on Benedictine roetume in

MONASTIC.

[ 238 ] MURAL PAINTINGS.

11th century, 68 ; the statutes of
Peter the Venerable, 69-72 and
notes; remarks on monastic vest-
ments, 72 ; ecclesiastical dress, the
alb, amice, stole, maniple and
chajBuble, 73 and notes ; the pallium,
dalmatic, rochet, cope, surplice,
biretta, crozier, mitre, &c., 74 and
note; gloves, sandals, the ring and
the stockings ; the connection of
the bishop^s gloves with the feudal
svstem ; the superhum^al, its disuse ;
the antiquity of the origin of monkish
dress, &c., 75 and notes; the origin
of clerical costume ; whit-e robes ;
black robes ; dyed and embroidered
ditto ; antiquity of the "alb," of the
"stole,** &c., 76; the tonsure; the
rule of St. Basil adopted generally
till 6th century ; changes then intro-
duced by St. Benedict ; date of the
institution of monasticism ; great
abuses in dress, &c. ; infringement of
statutes in 14th and 15th centuries ;
extravagance of church dignitaries,
77 ; changed shape of the alb and
chasuble ; laxity of the Benedictines
and Cistercians in 15th century ;
changes of shape and colour of dress ;
state of the nunneries ; conformity to
fashions of the day ; the " wimple **
date of, 78 ; the hair and beard cause
of scandal and ridicule ; Clement VII. ,
his example a cause of disturbance ;
anecdote of a bishop*s beard ; dis-
putes of the 12th century ; the Council
of Rouen, effect of its fulmina-
tion in 1()96, 79; Henry I. and his
Court have their hair cut by a bishop ;
opposition of the clergy to shaving ;
French and English scruples as to
long beards ; discussions thereon, 80 ;
reg^ilation of the everyday dress of
the clergy in the 16th century, in
Fnuice and Italy ; the skull-cap
adopted by the clergy of Europe ; the
bishop*s capette ; the dotnino ; dis-
tinctive colours adopted by prelates ;
clerical wigs, when worn, 81 and note ;
origin of **pemiques d^abb^f'^ 82 and
note.

Monasticism, date of its institution, 77.

Monboissier, Pierre de, siumamed the
Venerable, Abbot of Cluny, 1122-
1156, 69, note.

Moore, Rev. Giles, extract from diary
of, 120.

Mulle - William - atte, mentioned in
Subsidy Roll, 1296, 101.

Mural Paintings in Sussex Churches.
By J. Lewis Andr^, Esq., F.S.A.
1-20. Colour in Mediaeval churches ;

use of colour in Egyptian, Assyrian,
Greek, Etruscan and Roman build-
ings; colour in early Christian
churches; use of Mosaic for mural
decoration in Italy, 1 ; distemper,
why used in English churches ; doc-
trines of the Church taught by
paintings ; Bede on this use of them ;
Mosaics in Italian Basilicas, poidtion
and subject of chief; ornament in
Anglo - Saxon churches ; style of
contemporary MSS., 2; churches
painted by illuminators; arrange-
ment and subjects of Medieval mural
decoration, illustrated by examples
at West Chiltington, Hardham,
Westmeston, Preston, Plumpton,
Battle, Stedham, Beddingham,
Rotherfield, Slindon, St. Olave,
Chichester, and Wivelsfield, 3 and
thid. note; decorations painted over
at Chiltington and elsewhere ; Wfdter
of Colchester, a famous English
artist ; Bemaidi, a famous Flemish
ditto ; payment for paintings ; items
and bequests relatmg to ; number
of decorated Sussex churches, 4;
mode of colouring at Aldingboume,
ibid, note; waUfi of churches of
Binstead, Uardham and West Chil-
tington, covered with paintings;
number of Scriptural subjects (from
New Testament) in Sussex ; an
example from Old Testament at
Hardham ; designs relating to the
Passion and Second Judgment fre-
quent in Middle Ages; Nativity at
West Chiltington, Hardham and
Preston; adoration of the Magi,
Chiltington, Portslade, Preston and
Westmeston ; Flight into Egpyt, at
Plumpton ; Baptism of C&st, at
Hardham (?) ; Last Supper, Clulthig-
ton, Horsham, Preston and Slaugham
(four Sussex examples out of sixteen
in England) ; Triumphal Entry into
Jerusalem, at West Chiltington ;
Christ Scourged, at Slaugham and
Westmeston ; Christ Mocked and
Carrying His Cross, at Horsham;
St. Peter and Malchus, West-
meston, 5 ; The I^ast Supper, ibid,
note; Crucifixion, Kirdfoid; unique
ditto, WLsborough Green ; six scenes
from the Passion, Battle ; The Deposi-
tion, Westmeston ; The Entombment,
Binstead ; Resurrection, Chiltington
and HarcUiam ; St. Thomas, Preston ;
Christ in Majesty ,Wisborough Green,
Binstead and Chiltington ; The Lord,
Peter and Paul, Westmeston and
Horsham ; Doom, Alfriston, &c. ; The

MURAL PAINTINGS.

[239 ]

Mockeiy, Horshum ; dcveliypemeot of
the Doom, 7 and nod ; examples at
Ktcdham, Au^iering, All Kaintg',
Ilasdun, Portelodc and TicehuritC ;
KMuc featurcH Rb«eitt from Sitasei
Doomn, Hand mite: nij, meaning of ;
8t. Mithael ; EiMbiUau of Cnws,
Pliuuplou ; otVtU!! of ungeU ; naked,
dond ; Egj^tian oad Etruacan DoomH,
H Knd nala ; Deril, but-like. Port^-
liidr ; rumarkablo paintinfr« at Hur-
nliBin and WeAtmerton of thv Lord
uid I'etcr and Paul, lu and nc
Vfrjfin, Cliii'he»ter, Ambcrlcjr and
Busbem ; Aimunciatlon, Honham,
Amborlf.r iiud Wc«t Oliiltington :
Conmation of Virgin. ChichoBter ;
Virgin (F] as Mediatrix, Liudfleld,
n : Apootlea, CbicbestL-r, West ChU-
tingtou. Hantham, Marcafleld, Win-
borough Orevu, All Saints, HaetingH,
Sbsdhatn and Uarting: Angels at
CMlHngtou. Arundel, Hardham and
Slaiigham ; St, Michael, at UndHeld
and WlthjUniu. 12-13 and nolr;
ChriBtopUer. painting of in five Busnex
chuiclies; HI. Chrintopher and St.
Oeorgi', 13-U and tmtcs ; St. Thomuo-
i-ltrcket, at Wnt Tarring and
Preston : St. Thomna Aquinas,
South Herstcd; St. LawrcnM.

Botheifleld and Hartlng ; St. Nicho-
las, at Kirdford; Ht. Sebiwtiaii. at
I'reaton ; St. Vincent, M Westmeston,
14 ; St. Catharine, at AlfriHton, Kird-
ford and Preeton ; St. MaTganit, at
Binstead and Preston ; St. Helen, at
Uarting ; til. Urxnla (P), at Sti<dham ;
unreoognised aaints, at EoKtergatc.
Ice. ; cuiious painting, at Burton, 15 :
atlcgorical designs, at Hardham.
Slaughuni and Kirdford, 1.5-17 and
noUs: Seven Acts of Merer, at Arundel ,
rcmaiue at (r), at Mid Lavant and
Keymer; Seren Sacramnnta. Mid
Lavant and K^jmet ; Seven Deadlj
SinR.Wisborongh Green and Arundel,
17; LegcndofTbreulJTingaudTliree
Dead at BaUlu, 17-IH ; Signs of the
Zodiac. Westmeston, 18 and note ;
Conseoratlou Crosses at Clymping,
Amberley, Arundel, Chichester, &c. ;
text!, extract relating to, at HaKting* ;
examples of in Suiwex churches ;
toxta m cloAneol itrrolls ; destruction
of wall dcooration, 19 ; attempts at
preserving wall twintiugs at Arundel
and Puteham ; &lichael Augelo'a csti-
matti of fresco palntine, 20.

III.

in of, in 1583,

Newenden, its situation, near the River
Itother, 30, tuiU.

Neirtimber. Mr. Tho. Ambler, Rector
ol, in 1605. 207.

Newtimber. extracts from Parish Itegis-
ters ot, it'lating to llellinghain and
Woodcock famUiw, SOC-209.

Newtimber RegisterB, reference to the
(heat Plague oI Loudon, In, S07.

Norman Common at Westboume, bull-
baiting on. S5.

Noni* on THE Th4ijitio!ial Cunxxxion

or Till Si'SAKI AMI) TUa UloI CKHTBU-

8Hni FAwiLiEf (IP 8ri,wv<(. By
the Hit. B. H. CoimisoTox, D.D., i
1U3-10S. The wupposed connexion

tmsed upon identitj of name, tiadl-
tion, and a common coat of onus :
i^elwyn a form of Silvonus ; Aubrey'*
statement, 163 ; tradition mentioned
by Rev. W. Baxeley : Selwyns in
Sussex from beglntUng ot 14tli cen-
t ury ; and in (iloueegter In 1 3th ditto ;
-examination of the argument ot ■
<'cmmon coat ot amis, 1U4 ; probable
origin of the amis of Si'lwyn ; cou-
-clusion, 165.

1 earliest ages, allowed to retain
J plait or show it,

their hair, but n
<i5.

Obiit. definition of. 101. note.
Oldflckl arms mid cre»t, the, both

punning ones, 04.
Uldflold, Captain, his service nt Ypree

In 1815, «T.
Oldflcld tamUy, the memberH of it tor

MTVen generations otHcer* in the

nriUKh Army, 9a, nof. I

Oldfleld, General, persoual Incidenls
occurring to, at Waterloo, 89, 90.

tlldfleld, General John. R.E., his claim
lo be Eth baronet, why not pressed,

Uldfi'eld Lawn, origin of. 93.
Oldflekl, Major, tnteresting letter reht-
ting to a sketch of Waterloo, 8B-89.

OLDFIELD.

[240]

PELLATT.

Oldfield, liajor Thomas, eventful caieer
of, 94, 95 and note.

Olufiblu, Mas., MiMoias of, &o. Bj
Rbv. F. H. Arnold, M.A., LL.B.,
83-98. Anoestiy of the Oldfield
family; adherence to Cayalier side
during Civil War ; Sir Anthony Old-
field, Ist baronet (1660) ; descent of
the title; how lost, 84 and note; the
Oldfield punninff arms and crest;

sketch of General Oldfield's life and
career, education, admission to the
Engineers ; illness, service in America,
Scotland, Holland and the Nether-
lands ; experience and adventures at
Battle of Waterloo ; service in the
West Indies, Ireland, Newfoundland,
Jersey, Canada, &c., 85-92 and notes ;
Oeneral Oldfield's marriage and
family, 92 and notes ; Mrs. Oldfield,
birth, education, maniage, &c. ; de-

scription of Oldfield Lawn, 93 and

note; extracts from the Memoirs,

94-98 and numerous notes; General

Oldfield's friends, 98.
Oldfield, Sir Anthony, created Ist

baronet (1660), 84.
Oldfield, Sir John, 2nd baronet, 84.
Oldfield, Sir Anthony, 3rd baronet, 84.
Oldfield, liajor Thomas, memorial to,

at Acre, 95 and note,
** Our Lady of the Sea," a title of the

Virgin, 132. x

Oving, benefice of, in gift of the Bishop

of Chichester smoe 1840, 193.
Oving, bequest for ** standing lights '*

in Parish Church of, 58.
Oving, dedication of tbe Parish Church

of, to St. Andrew, 193.
Ovtngdean Churoh, aumbrey placed in

east wall of chancel of, 56.

Paget, Lord, and a charge of conspiracy
in 1583, 114.

Painted work discovered in 73 Sussex
Churches, 4 and Und, note.

Pallium or pall, on whom conferred by
the Pope, and why, 74.

PcUliumf the, adopted in 6th century
as a distinctive mark of Metropolitan
costume, 76.

Parham, land in, given to maintain
lamp before high altar in Churoh of,
111 noU.

Parham, ''one aero and a half of land "
to provide lamp for ** high altar," 58.

Paris, the allied soveroigns entering, in
1815, General Oldfield's descrip&on,
90-91.

Pbllatt, Pkdiorbb and Gbxbalooical
Memoranda relating to the Family
OP, OP Stbynino, &c. By Mabbrly
Phillips, Esq. (Part L), 99-128.
The Pellatts, Sussex landowners for
centuries ; earliest mention of family,
99 ; branches from the main line ;
name variously spelt ; derivation of
name ; arms ; first record of ; second
ditto ; earliest mention of name ;
100 ; mention in Subsidy Roll (1296) ;
extract of will of John Pelett, 101
and notes ; his bequestof a " sensour "
noticed in inventory of churoh plate ;
John Pellatt, Warden of the Skin-
ner's Company (1450-1454) ; William
Pellatt, of Steyning (ob. 1503), 102 ;
abstract of his wUl ; early connection
of the family with Charlton Court,
Steyning ; l)equest for road mend-
ing ; the Pellatts patrons of Steyning

Churoh, 103; Churohwardens' book
at Steyning, extracts from, 104 and
notes ; William Pellatt, of Steyning
(ob. 1507), abstract of will of, bequest
to Gmlford, romarks on Dudley and
his connection with Sussex, 105 ;
abstract of will of Thomas Pellett,
106-107 and notes ; romarks on change
of patronage of Steyning Church, and
on paintings theroin ; abstract of will
of Richard Pellatt, 107-108 and notes;
abstract of will of James Pellet;
ditto of William Pellet, of Charlton,
109-110 ; Gratwick, of Cowfold, their
prominent position ; purohase of Uie
Manor of Charlton by William Pel-
latt (1557) ; extract from Cartwright
in re; abstract of will of Richard
Pellett (ob. 1566), 111-112 and noU
abstract of will of ** Annys" PeUat
ditto of ** Xpofer" Pellett, 112-113
ditto of Richard Pellat, of North
Stoke ; ditto of Thomas Pellett, of
Petworth, 113 ; extracts from "State
Paper," 1583-84; in roferonce to
Thomas Pellatt; extract of will of
John Pellett, of Offam, 114 and note;
abstract of will of Thomas Pellett, of
Petworth ; Richard Pellet, M.P., of
Charlton Court, 115 and note (on his
purohase of Bignor Park) ; extracts
rolating to Charlton Manor ; ditto to
land in ** Bedingalias Seale ;" con-
nection of the Pellatt family with
Essex; Benjamin Pellatt, owner of
Manor of Bohiey ; marriage and family ,
116: Benjamin Pellatt, knighted
(1603) ; dispute with Vicar of B(£iey ;

[ 241 ] PEVENSEY lUVEN.

i» recorded ; Bolue; Place ; di^th
ot Sir iJvuJBmiu ; abBtmct of trill,
117 ; Inquiiiition jx»( mortem; death
Ql wife ^Alice) ; th.> house of L-ul-
p«pper, IIH : memorialB at Ardinglj,
119; extract tii)nidiai7afnev.liilcE>
Moore : narriage ot John Fvllatt
(1«08), 120; the Poet Cowper, d.>
MXBded tram the Pellatt fatail; ; Dr.
Cotton and Iiitephen PeUett, M.D.,
UI fuid note ; Thoniaa Pellatt, mar-
riagf, death, abtrtract of will ; his
childreu, \n -. WiUioiu and Bridget
l>ellatt ; William, head ol the tamUy,
(liffeTenue with Hector of Bolney
(lesj) ; eitnets from petitioDH. \ti ;
L'aptain Williun Pcllatt (ob 165(1) ;
"The Friarn," I^wee, in the pwsea-
■ion of the Pellatt« from 16.'i9 to IMfi ;
Defoe's dowriptioti ol Ixiwoa ; historj
of "ThcFriare," 124; abstraot of th«
wUl ot Thomas Pellatt. of Lewcfl, 123:
Thomaa pEUatt. patron of Church at
Wert Uriiutcad : donation tor rupoir
ot Chichester Cathedral, in ltM14 ;
ab«tract ot wUl of Klra, Ilannah
Pellatt, 12ti ; iiotk'C« of her childiea ;
abstnet o( will ot Elizabeth PeUatt,
m : tombKlone of EUzabeth I'ellatt
at Blgnor. ii».

Pelet, PhillipiiH le, name iu document,
in 1278, 1111.

Pelet, Kuginaldlc.iDentiaucdin^ubaidf
KoU, 12tKI. 101.

PeUat, Auny«, abBtroct ot will <il (1579),
112.

PeUatt, Beujomiu, abstract of will ot,
1036,117-118.

PeUatt, Uoajiuuin, BubK-riplIun to loon
(((wp. EUntbcth), llii.

Pclhitt, EUiwbcth, nliatmct of will of
(1608), 127.

Pdlatt, Eliubetli. dcxeciiitiijn ot tomb
ot, At Bi^nor, 128.

PeUatt Iai)ul)r . UuiditwnvT* iu StiHici for
c«nturipit. W.

PeUatt, lltv. Hftuiiah, ab-lmct of wiU
ut 11603). 126-127.

Pelhrtt, name ot, uiil miiitloacd in
Homaday. lUO.

Pi'Ustt, prvbiiblf^ Suuu origin uf name,
100.

PeUutt. Klvhonl, oi North Stolci-. ab-
•tmctDt will ot [1389), 113.

PeUat, Sir UnnlNmiii, Knt., luuidsi-
tlonP.M. (I»38),11K.

PeUntt, the name a pun on priUt. 100.

Pi.-Uatt, Thomaa, of Lewe>, ubstrmt ot

WiU ot, 1(580, 125-1211.
Pollatt, William, M.P. tor SU-juing iu

1555. 110.
PeUatt, William, ot Hignur, his qturrrl

with Hector of, in 1(132, 12:j.
Pellet. James [ob. 165&}. ab*tr«ct ot

wUl of, 109.
Pellet. John, ot London, wlU oX, lUI.
Pullet, John. Wardi-n ofSlduuti*' (.'oui-

t . Tlionuu, eiBmlnatlon of, Ju 1583,

lerlj-

in .^11 SalutH.

Pellet, Thomas, iu I5rt4, name ot, In a

list ot " pcnouH commitb-d tor rc-

Ugion, ic," 114.
Pellet, William, abctnicl of will uf

(1503), 103.
Pellet. William, ut Charlton, nbatraot

ot will ot (1558). 109 and 110,
PeUet, WilliBm, ot SU'yuinijc. ub. 1503,

102.
PeUet. WlUmus de, RteTntug, nbrtntot

of WiU of (1.W7), 105.
PeUntt, Benjamin, childron " rcitorcd

in blood," 1588. UT.
PeUett. Benjamin, knightiKl tu KMUI,

in.

Pellctt, Benjamin. lunrrtitKi' with a

Famfold (1590), UT.
PeUett, Beujaniin, morriago with a

licwknor, UG.
Peilett, Benjamin, his (iiiorrvl with

Vicar of BoUiej (1«U3), 117.
PeUett, John, ot l^lTliam (ob. lOOTJ,

abstract of will of, 114.
PeUett, Itlchard. abntraot ot wlU (1531),

107, 108.
FeUeU. llichnrd (nb. 15C«). abtitmct ot

wuiof, ni,

Pi-Uett. Thonuui (ob. at Stexniug. 151S),

obxtnu-t of wUl of. 103-10(1 and no<a.
Pi'Uctt, ThoiOBK. ot Bignor, alM>traet of

wUl otjiaia), 122.
1'eUett. Iluimfls, of Pctworth, nbKtnut

iitwiUi>I[la04), 113-114.
PeUett, Thonuw, of PetworUi, abxtiuct

of wUlof (1025), 115.
PeUett, Xpotcr (Chriirtophw), ertmct

from will of (1580). III'US.
PendreU FamUy, the, 227.
Peter the Venembte. his statuten, iu

the 12th veutUTf, ull«.-ting mona*tle

ditws, S5, 09, 72.
PcTciuej, broiuu; celt* tooud at. 198,
Pe!Tcti*ej Chnrch, eniMe* on the

"Ue»U'«lkwr"ot. 44.
Pc<reii»e]r. dlteoverie* at, lt)8-200.
PcTetuicj, tcMidl bones (oniid at. 199.
Povetuer Hateu, Kuiwex Iron probably

dtored then? fur shipment tu Rome,

32.

PEVENSEY.

[ 242 ] SHOREHAM HABSH.

Peyenaej, Bubmarine forest at, 199.
Phillips, Mabsrlt, Esq., paper on the

" Family of Pbllatt, &c.,^' 99-128.
Pilch, the, derivation of word, 64.
Plumptou Church, 12th century paint-
ing containing germ of the '* Doom **

of later date, 7.
Partus Adumi, Camden the first to

attempt to locate it, 218.
Partus Adumif Mr. H. F. Napper*s

remarks on, 212-213.
Portus Adumi, notes on the site of, and

the River Adur, 217.
Portus Adumif rival theories as to its

site, 217.
Portus Adumi, suggested sites of, 220.
Partus Adumi, in John Nordon*s map,

219.

Poynings, Chantrj House, in, 146.
Poynings* pedigree, the, note oa,

227.
Preston and Kingston, chapels, &c.,

Crown property (in 1584), 145.
Preston, not a chapelry, but a parish,

144.
Priests, allegorical meaning of robes of,

73.
Princess Cecilia, superioress, of the

Monastery of Holy Trinity, founded

by her mother, 174.
** Puddle Dock,** position and deriva-
tion of name, 29, note.
Pyx, curious lever, probably unique,

used for suspending, in West Grin-

stead Church, 49.

Queen Eli2abeth*s order to destroy
and deface paintings in churches
and to substitute the Creed, &c.,
187, note.

Queen Elizabeth, portrait of, found in
Sussex, 210.

Queen Matilda, buried in the Monas-
tery of Holy Trinity at Caen, 174.

Raban-Maur, Archbishop of Mayence,

his great learning, 66, note,
Radulph*s Chantry, manor and lands

belonging to, 146.
Religious houses, members of, named

from their place of birth, 165.
Ridge, WiUiam, his observations of

astronomical phenomena, 194.
Rood loft, description of, 106, note.
Rood screen, definition of, 106, note.

Rude dwelling-place found at Green

Street, Eastbourne, 162.
Rye, a seaport much used in the days

of the Plantagenet kings, 40, note.
Rye Church, aumbries placed in east

wall of chancel of, 56.
Rye, pottery works at, 202.
Rye, refugees escaping from Dieppe (in

1572), landed at, 40, note.

St. Andrew*8 Chiurch, Lewes, discovery
of portions of, 200.

St. Etienne, monastery of, built by the
Conqueror, as an atonement, 173.

St. Laurent the '* Illuminator,** Bishop
of Spoleto, founder of the Abbey of
Farfa, in 6th century, 68, note.

St. Leonards, **free chapel** of, pro-
perty in West Grinstead appertaining
to, 47.

St. Thomas k Becket, his mitre still pre-
served in Cathedral of Sens, 75.

Sacerdotal dress, changes in, in 14th
century, 78.

Samian ware, found at Green Street,
Eastbourne, 162.

Sandon, Thomas, of Col worth, his be-
quest for ** standing lights ** in Oving
Church, 58.

Scapular, monastic, its use, shape and

material, 64.
Seaford, gold Roman coin found at, 202.
Sele Priory, lands in West Grinstead,

belonging to, 47, note.
Selwyns in Sussex in 14th century, 164.
Selwyn, the name of, a form of Silvanus,

163.
Serlon, Bishop of S^z, cuts the hair of

Henry I., and of the members of his

Court, 80.
" Ship '* of silver, bequest of, 101 and

note,
Shirley, Thomas, Lord of the Manor of

West Grinstead, not buried in church

of, see on extract from will of (1607),

54.
Shoreham Marsh, *' concealed" from

the Queen, 154.

"snonEHAJi rivek" [ 24;( ]

" Shareham river," the Adur so odled

S3I.
ShanhjUD. aiiggeKU-d origin of name

31i.
Mfaoretuun, unJnwful sciEure ot goods

(It, in iht;), U7.

" Sir Johik*," meaning ot the title, 106,

Htirjimig Church, boqueat tor p^atin^

on tht.' oeillng and rood -icieeu in

151S, 197.
Stt-j-nini, Churuh ot the llolj Trinity,

at. Pellatt ramily patromi of, 1(KI, ti

««i5.

HkeletOD of u

IVtcwh-j-, 1B9.
Skelt<touB, 32, found nt Saxonbiuy,

Slnogham CLurch. symbolical painting,

formerly ou wall ot, 18.
KomptiTig Church, aumbries placed in

CMt wall of chUkccl of, RG.
Horbonne. soriety of eeeleeiastics

tnunded by Robert de Sorbonne.

liS^. Ml and ibiil. note.
Sore River, reference 1« it in 1577,

2i0.
South Ualling, Anglo-Saxon remains

tonnd at, in 1830, 183.
S.8. coUar. origin o(, 197-198.
Stanley. Williom, Cleric, Ixh luit in

1852, ngnlnst Robert Weeton and

othcn for tithei', at Dnrrinpton and

Hecne. 151-158.
Stanmer, John, of Ileeiie, bequent (in

I5S*), '■ for the painting " in Heene

CliUKh, A.
Staiutud Cantle (Ravtou Tower), built

by Lord Hallftuc. 96.
Stanctead Hoiibu. remodelled ill 17H0 by

Mr, Barwcll, 97 and note.
Staiutead, ite oriental splendour during

iil. Barwcirx Tcaidcncc there, iHi.
" Storot the Sea," n title of the Virgin,

13».
Stedham Church, curious paiutiii|f of

"I. Qcorgi- and the Dragon in. U.

icnt of its old yew

represent

on wall of. 15.
Stedbun Church, representation of

Hell as a lalto, at, B.
Rteyning Church, bequest for the

"bwrtheirdAultet," in {1531}, 107,

Stoyning, eitrHctti &omChiiicliwardeni>'
book, kept in uhuruh chest at, 101.
and horse found at Steyning, Arst nicntlcm of the Pcllatts
m«t with, at, 99.

Stcyuing, "the nuest mill" In (lu
1531), UW.

jSteming Viearagi-, piirchaw>d trom the

Crown, by Wiilfiun I'eUatt, 15S7,

111).
Sloln, origin of the. 7H.
Stole, the, it* typical meaning, 73.
Stono - Bttt*t. from Chlehe»t«^ to

PpTciwcy, n gnat ptoviur lol highway

in Roman time*. Hi).
Sun, total ecUpw of, in 171.'i, 1114.
Sussex, Almanack a.d. 11X17, fragment*

of, a, 315.
SiuwexChuiches, Are exoDipla* of polnt-

in«» ot St. Chrintopber on the walls

of, 13.
Sunaex Churches, large number uf

mt-djitval paintings from New Teita-

tn«ut in, 5.
i^unnex Churchec. some fi^atiirca of

mcdlffivol Dooms, omitted in, ».
SuMwi Irou, ouc of the tirinclpal

Biitii<h export.i in Komou tUues, 3],

SuBHCX. mnuufaeture uf nrrows, Iiofw-

sboer and naiLi. 314,
HusBex llartyrf. Clirisllan namcB ot

311.
Su-^eex, Puritanical names, in, 109.
Suasei, ohepherd'v gift, a. 33lt.
SUHciex, the landing ot Ella and his

tons, in, 211-213.
Sussex wan-, bowl of, il03.
Sussex, yew tree, a fomotw, VIO.

Tarring with Marlport, early Imlex of

Court Kollt, 1,^1.
Tarring with Uarlpost, peculiarity of

the customs of the manor, 153-I.i4.
Tarring with Mnrlnnnt, renewal of

Fu«tams (iu lri77), Iril.
TATH*li, Bov E. II. It., poiK'i- oil

"ToW!i(cn«Ki-,ic," 31-33,
XXXVlll.

Thomas i Beclcct, buried in hia epis-
copal Testmeut*, 75, luifr.

Tollervey, Mr., hi>i coreir, 9M.

Toninrt, the, adopted by all PccleHlaiitles
tnnn .^th century, 76.

ToweiT, of churcicB (ns at West Oriu-
uttiid). eowtructed tor Jcfence, 4«,

TOWNCREEP. [ 244 ] WEST GRINSTEAD.

Towncreep, disooyexy of earthworkB,
at (in 1890), 24.

TOWNCBBBP, FUETHBR N0TB8 OX THE

Ancibnt Sm, CALLBD. Bj Rby.
Edwa&d II. R. Tatham, 21-32.
Additional eyidence of the Roman
occupation of Towncreep, 21 ; Foa-
MSB BxcAYATioNs and disooveries, 22 ;
the NoRTHBBN Earthworks ; need of
a Une of defence at Towncreep ;
reason for this being OYerlooked,
24-25 ; eyidence of Roman construc-
tion of earthwork; Towncreep, was
it walled P 26 ; disappearance of
walls, if so, how explained ; Ck>M-
munxcatiox of Towncrbbp with thb
Sba, &c.; condition of the Ashbum
Valley, in Roman and Saxon periods,

28-29 ; reclamation of marshes and
geological changes in Sussex, 28-29
and notes; question of the Roman
line of communication between Kent
and Sussex, remarks on, and sug-
gested solution of, 30 ; former im-
portance of the Ashbum Valley,
31-32.

Trental, definition of, 106, noU,

" Trewly »' (Truleigh), in ** Ebberton "
(EdbwrUm) , the Manor of, held hy Sir
Benjamin Pellat, Knt., in 1636, 118.

Truleigh, in Edburton, and the Poet
Cowper, 121.

Ttmic, the, monastic, shape, material,
and use of, 63.

*' Turnpike Paid,'* suggested meaning
of, 201.

Unicom, the inn, Brighton, find of coins, &c., during demolition of, 222.

Ves

^wpasian, Silyer Denarius of, found in i *' Vine," the sign of, at Lewes, 214.
Chichester, 195. '

Wadhurst, list of landowners in, 139.

Waterloo, the Battle of, not fought in
an entrenched position, 89 and note.

Way, Mr. Lewis, romance incident in
his history, 97, note,

** Weald-ditch,** a former name for the
Adur, 221.

Wellington, The Duke of, characteristic
anecdote of, 87, note,

Wellington, The Duke of, his yisit to
Brussels in 1814, 86.

Welsh laws, ancient, their bearing on
the origin of English customs, &c.,
154.

Westboume Church, flags taken at
Acre, j^laced in, 95, note.

West Chiltington Church, interior once
entirely covered with pictures, 5.

West Grinstbad Church and thb
Recent Discoveries in that Edifice.
By J. Lewis Andr&, Esq., F.S.A.,
46-59. Connection of the Caryll
family and of Sir William Burrell
with West Grinstead parish not men-
tioned in Domesday^ but in Taxation
of Pope Nicholas IV. and NonsB Roll ;
descent of the manor; lands in,
granted to Abbey of Dureford, 46 ;
lands belonging to ''free chapnel of
St. Leonards** and Sele Priory;
'' Lamp Lands " belonging to Stey-

ning Church ; W. Grinstead Church
dedicated to St. George ; humUe
building soon enlarged, 47 and notes;
description of present church ; tower
at end of S. aisle ; no W. doorway
newel staircase to bell-chambcnr
small aumbries, with lifting shutters
curious fastening to doors ; tower a
place of refuge, 48 and notes; no
existing chancel arch ; elegant tower
arches ; windows ; curious disooveiy
in roof, unique arrangement of lever,
49 ; discovery of aumbrey, Perpen-
dicular window, recess for lamp, part
of rood-screen, portion of piscina;
altar under rood-loft ; the font and
cover ; altar at Cowfold, 50 and note ;
manorial chapel, discoveries in of
memorial recess, piscina, small stone
coffin and niches ; discovery and
obliteration of fresco painting on wall
of nave, 51 and note ; ancient stained
glass, fragments of ; discovery of
encaustic tiles ; ancient church chest ;
bells, 52 and note ; monuments, par-
ticulars of, and corrections of errors
of former writers, 52-53 and notes;
Thomas Shirley, Lord of the Manor,
extract from will of ; the Caiyll
monuments ; remains of high tomb,
54 ; remarks upon the Reservatioii of

WEST GRINSTEAD. [ 245 ]

WORTHING.

the Eooharist; extracts from the
Fathers, 55 and note ; enaulzy as to
where the Host was kept ; tne sacristy
or " Sacrament Porch ;*' aumbries in
east wall of chancel at West Grin-
stead, Oringdean, Clymping, Somp-
ting, Rye and Wilmmgton, 56 ;
aumbries in north wall of chancel at
Bignor, Friston, Little Horsted, Wil-
lingdon, Ardingly and Femhnrst ;
extract from the Fardle of Facions ;
the Host enclosed in the pyx, with
lamp before it ; use of the lever at
West Grinstead, 57 and notes; the
Holy Eucluurist, font, &c., kept
locked ; penalty for neglect ; probable
use of boxes like doves hung over
altars; lamps and '*lamp lands/*
57-58 and notes ; bequest for main-
taining lights at Oving and at Ford ;
candles and tapers, curious local
usage at Chichester and Westmeston,
59 and notes.

West Grinstead Church, aumbrej in
east wall of chancel of, 56.

West Grinstead Church, balance lever
in, suggested use of, 57.

West Grinstead Church, curious church
chest at, 52.

West Grinstead Church, curious method
of fastening doors of, from within,
48, noU.

West Grinstead Church, discovery of a
iMintin^ of St. Christopher in, 13.

West Grinstead Church, discovery of
piscina connected with rood-loft altar
m, 50.

West Grinstead Church, monuments in,
correction of errors in inscriptions,
52, 53 and notes.

West Grinstead Church, the west door-
way wanting here as in many local
churches, 48 and note.

WestGrinsteadChurch,Thoma8Pellatt,

W patron of, 126.
est Grinstcad.unmentioned in Domes-
day Book, 46.

Westham Church, indsed markings in
nave of, &c., 43.

Westmeston Church, almost unique
iMinting in, 6.

Westmeston Church, custom of burn-
ing an odd number of tapers, illustra-
tion of, in, 59.

Westmeston Church, painting of the
Signs of the Zodiac, on chancel ardi
of, 18.

Westmeston Church, most curious pic-
ture in of the Lord between 1^. Peter
and St. Paul, 10.

West Saxons, the founding of the
kingdom of, 212.

West Tarring, law suit, as to taking
wood off copyhold land at Marlepost,
148-150.

West, Thomas, Lord de la Warr, mar-
riage license of, in 1608, 120.

Wetherden, Sir William, Vicar of
Bodiam, a.d. 1513, extract from the
will of, 196.

Wheatleys, the, of Pevensey, their

W punning crest, 85, note.
MiTLBY, H., MxcHBLL-, EsQ., paper

on '* Disco VB&Y OF ROMANO-BaiTIBH

Rbmains, &c.,'* 160-162.
Whitlbt, H., Michsll-, Esq., paper

on ** Incised Ma&kinos, &c.,'* &-45.
Wigs, clerical, in fashion [temp. Charles

II.), scandal caused in the church,

81.
William of Normandy, his disregard of

the Papal Interdict of 1049, 172.
William of Normandy, precise date of

marriage unknown, reasons Ua sup-
posing it to have been in 1047, 174

and notes.
William the Conqueror, buried at Caen

in a church of his own founding,

174.
William the Conqueror, tradition as to

his *' knocking down " the town at

Towncreep, 23.
Willingdon Church, aumbry in north

wall of chancel of, 57.
Wilmington Church, aumbries placed

in east wall of chancel of, 56.
Wimple, or wimpely origin and shape,

of 64.
Wiflborough Green Church, curious pic-
ture of St. James, in, 12.
Wisborough Green, curious painting of

the Seven Deadly Sins, on wall of,

17.
Wisborough Green, unique picture of

the Crucifixion in church of, 6.
Wolff, Dr. Jacob, a student at Stansted

College, hlspeculiarities, 97, note.
Worthing v. Tarring, in 1789, 223.

B 2

INDEX TO SUSSEX PLACE AND FARM-NAMES IN

VOL XXXVIII.

Aldflworth Houae, 97.
Aldsworth Pond, 97, note.

I Ashoombe Place, 213.

" Beeding river," 22L
Bere Forest, 95.
Bevome Bridge, 138.
Bignor Park, 122.
Bolney Place, 116-117.
" Brember Water," 220.

Brightford, Hundred, 158.
Broadwater Manor, 150.
Broil, the, 26.
Bucken-ham, 212 and note.
Buncton Hill, 204.
Bunker's Hill, 213.

Castle Hill, Hastings, 226.
Chantry House, in Pycombe, 146.
Chantry of Poynings, 146.
Chapel of Kingston, 145.
Charlton Court, 103.
Church Acre, in Petworth, 146.
Church Style, in Steyning, 108.
Cimenshore (see Cymen^a Ora),
Claverham Manor, 186.

*' Cockham," Manor of, 148.

Coldharbour, 31 and note.

Cooden Level, see Coioden.

Cooslywood Quarter, in Wadhurst, 139.

Coolham Green, 211.

Court Lands, 149.

Cowden, 199.

Culver Croft Bank, 199.

Cymen's Ora, 211, 212, 213.

Dallingfold, 47.
Devil's Dyke, 205.

Dureford Abbey, 224.

Durrington, Township or Tithing, 158.

East mU, Hastings, 134.

I Emsworth Common, 95.

Fairecrouch Quarter, in Wadhurst, 139.

Farm Road, Heene, 159.

** Ferring and Fuie," Manor of, 150.

" fifaggers," in Steyning, 103.

Five Ash Quarter, in Wadhurst, 139.

'' Friars** the, at Lewes, 124, 126 and

127, noU.
Frickly, 139.
Friston Place, 225.
** Fryers,** see ** Friars '* the.

'* gorys** lands, in Wappingthome, 108.
'* Great Meadow,** the, Hastings, 134.
Green Street Bani, 160.

Green Street, Eastbourne, 160.
Gunn*s fields, 223.
"gyllys" house, 108.

HALTON.

[ 247 ] SHOREHAM MARSH.

Halton, 197.
Hammesfeld, 47, note,
Heene, Manor of, 155, note.
Heene, Township or Tithing, 158.

" hiders,*' 109.

Hooe Levels, 199.

Uulters, Manor of, 146.

** Hundred Acre," the, Heenc, 159.

" Ju^'s Road," 182.

Kingston Farm, 145.

I '' Erinkk,** le, at Sherrington, 137.

** Landng and Monks,'* Manor of, 150.

La Rogheye, 214.

Lea, the, of Andred, 211.

Little Broadwater, 151.

Loxfield Camden, Hundred of, 151.
Loxfield, Hundred of, 148 and 149.
Lumley Mill, 97 and note.

Marlpost, Tjthing of, 150.
Marlpost Wood, 149.
" MaudiyhlU," nr Steyning, 215.
Mayfield Manor, 149.

Middle Hill, 214.

Minnis Rock, the, 129, 131, 132, 133.

Morgen Mead, 47, note.

Mousehale Quarter, in Wadhurst, 139.

Norman Common, 93.

** OfThnn fearme," 111.

** Oldehmd,** in Selmestou, 137.

Oldfleld Lawn, 92, et seq.
Old Shoreham, Manor of, 154.

Peen's Wood, 29.
Peperscome, 112.

•* Pocokkes,** at Chalvington, 137.
Partus Adumi, 212, 217, 218, 219.

Portus Arundi, 219.
Pound, the, 29.
Preston Chapel, 145.
Puddle Dock, 29, note.

Racton Tower (see Stanstetul Castle). I ** rerbere,** 197.

Radulph's Cliantrj, 146. I Riseden Quarter, in Wadhurst, 139.

8t. Clement's Caves, 129.
Bt. Gabriels, Hoene, 159.
Saxonbury, 177, 179, 182, 183.
Segewick, 150.
Shellejs, the, 214.

Bheping Street, 107.

Sherrizigton, the Common Field of, 137.

Shorehfun Ferry, 155 and 156, note.

Shorham Ferry, 219.

Shoreham Marsh, 154.

^^SHOREHAM RIVER." [ 248 ] WYKEBARNE.

'* Shoieham River," 221.
Sluice, the, 27.
South Common, Ghailej, 203.
'* Southmauling," Manor of **Lynd-
feild," 138.

Stanstead House, 97, note,
Stansted Castle, 96.
" Steanynge fildc," 109.
Stone-street, 30.

Tarring Manor, 149.

Tarring Marlpost, Manor of, 148, et aeq.

Tarring Rectory, Manor of, 150.

** Tarrmg with Marlpost," 150.

Telham, the Borough of, 138.

Tent Hill, 29, noU,
Towncreep, 21-^2 , passim.
Town Quarter, in wadhurst, 139.
Town, the, see Toumcre^.
Truleigh, in Edburton, 118, 121.

Wakehurst, in Ardingly, 117.

Weald-dich, 219, 221.

Week Quarter, in Wadhurst, 139.

Westboume, Hundred of, 146.
Woodbrooks, 138.
Wykebame, " fEarme," 107.

INDEX TO NAMES OF PERSONS MENTIONED IN

VOL XXXVIII.

^Ue, 211, 212, 213.

iEschyluB, 9, note.

Agatlia (daughter of the Conqueror),

174, note.
Alchom, Tho., 202.
Alcockfl, the, 100-125.
Alcock, Hannah, 124.
Alcock, William, gent., 125.
Alcock, William, 124.
Alfoid, Sir Edward, Knight, 154.
Alpart, Sir John, 197.
Ambler, Mr., 208.
Amboise, Jacques d*, 198.
Andrews, Richard, 137.
Angelo, Michael, 20.
Anselm (Archbishop of Canterbury), 79.

Apsley, John, 116.
Aquinas, St. Thomas, 9, 14.
Aiden, Christopher, Esq., 92.
Arden, Mary, 92.
Arundel, Charles, 114.
Arundell, Syr Thomas, 101.
Ashbumham, Right Hon. tho Earl of,

22.
Ashdon, Anne, 206.
Atkinson, Mr. G. M., 43.
Austen, Anies, 111.
Austen, "Edwarde," 112.
Austria, Emperor of, 90.
Avory, Mr. Michael St., 147.
Ayles, Thomas, 145.

BackshaU, John, 147.

Bacon-Phillips, Rev., 216.

Bailey, Rev. Ihr., 159.

Baker, "Jone," 112.

Baldwin, Count of Flanders, 168.

Banyster, " Isacke,*' 113.

Baptist, St. John, 131.

Barefoote, Miss, 93.

Baman, 112.

Barnard, John, 113-114 and note.

Barnard, Thos., gent., 154.

Barnard, Thomas, 114.

Barnard, Thomas, Jr., 114, note.

Bamards, John, 114, note.

** Barre, Blaunch duche " of, 197.

Barrett, Thomas, 127.

Bartellot, Harriot, 211.

Barwell, Mr., 96, et aeq.

Barwcll, Mr. Richard, 96, note.

Battlesford, John de, 137.

Baxter, 219.

Bazeley, Rev. W., 164.

Beane, Thomas, 138.

Beard, Thomas, 126.

Beauchamp, George, 148.

Beauchamp, John, Esq., 148.

Beauchamp, Sarah, 148.

Becket, Thomas 4, 14, 73, note, 74, 75

and note.
Bede, The Venerable, 2 and 16, note.
Bedford, John, Duke of, 197.

Bedingfleld, Sir Henry, 54.
Bedingfleld, Frances, &4.
Beche, John atte, 137.
Bellchamber, 113.
Belcher, Rev. B., 196.
Bellingham, family of, the, 208.
Bellingham, Ann, 207 and 209.
Bellingham, *' Cicelie," 207 and 209.
Bellingham, '' Doritie,*' 206.
Bellingham, George, 206.
Bellingham, Jane, 207 and 209.
Bellingham, John, 206.
Bellingham, Mr. Edward, 207.
Bellingham, Mr. Edward, Esquyer,

206 and 207.
Bellingham, Marie, 206, 207.
Bellingham, ^Ir. George, 207.
Bellingham, Mrs. '*Trothe," 207 and

208.
Bellingham, Sir Edward, 207 and 208.
Bellingham, Thomas, 206.
Bellingham, Troth, 209.
Belsone, Thomas, 112.
Bennett, Thomas, 108.
B^ranger, 172, note.
Berghe, Herbert atte, 137.
Bernard!, 4.

Bemardi, Helia Alio, 204.
Betes, 112.

Bishopp, Sir Edward, 155.
Bisshop, Margaret, 106.

BLAAUW.

[ 250 ]

COOK.

Blaauw, Mr. W. H., 224.

Blackmore, Stephen, 226.

Blozam, Mr. M. H., 203-204.

Bloxam, Rev. J. R., D.D., 203, 204, 205.

Blucher, 89 and 90.

Blomenhaben, 85, note.

Boc, Martin de, 147.

Bolevn, Anne, 56, note.

*' Bolynbrooke," **Syr'» Henry, Earl

of Derby, 197.
Bonaparte, Napoleon, 87 and 95, note.
Bonet, Roberto, 205.
Bononi, 97, note.
Boolton, William, 126.
Borromeo, Cardinal, 81.
Boficham, Mr<*. Roberto de, 204.
Bothel, Alan, 137.
Botting, Thomas, 156.
**boucIer,"l8abeU, 103.
Bounde, ^Ir. Doctor, 114.
Boiirbon, Jean dc, 198.
Bowden, Rev. J., 117.
Bowyer, Sir Henry, Knight, 125.
Boyce, William, 140.
Bradford, Mr., 157 and 158.
Braye, Dame Beatrice, 138.
Braose, De (family of), 46.

Braoee, William de, 46 and 204.

Braosa, Willielmo de, 204.

Braye, Sir Edward, Knt., 137 and 138.

Bridger, Henry, gent., 154.

** Broke,** Jamee, 109.

Broke, Elizabeth, 109.

Brooke, William, 103.

Brooke, Anne, 103.

Browne, Ck>l., 86, note.

Brownsbery, John, 107.

Buckman, John, 113.

Budgen, 219.

Bullen family, 121.

Burrell (famny), 46.

Burrell, Sir William, 46 and 191.

Busshoppe, Thos., Esq., 149.

Busteed, Dr., 96, note.

Butler, Henry, 145.

Butler, John, 138.

Butler, Mr., 96.

Bynd, Edward, 195.

Byne, Jacob de, 47, note.

Byne, Anna de, 47, note.

Byne, Julyana de, 47, note.

Byne, Philip de, 47, note.

Bysehoppe, John, 112 and 138.

Bysshoppe, Leonard, 138.

Camden, 218, 219.

Campbell, Sir Colin, 88.

Campion, Rev. C. H., 59.

Capellano, Willielmo, 204.

Card, John, 127.

Carew, 219.

Carey family, 121.

Carpenter, Thos., 151.

** Carter of Ofifam,** 112.

Carter, John, 145.

Caryll, Edward, Esq., 114.

Connolly, 97.

ComwaUis, Lord, 94, note.

Comwallis, Marquis of, 95.

Costentin, John, 147.

Costick, Mr. William, 162.

Cotton, Dr., 121.

Courte-Heuse, Robert, 80 and 174.

Courthope, William, Esq., 214.

Covert, family, 191.

CowpcTj Ann, 121.

Cowper, William, 121.

Caryll (family), 46.

Cai^^ll, Peter, 54.

Caryll, Richard, 54.

Catherine II., 222.

Cattel, James, 147.

Ceadwalla, King, 213.

CeciHa (daughter of the Conqueror),

174, fiote.
Cerdie, 212.
Chambers, James, 139.

Challoner, ** young,** 105.

Chapman, Lt. Col., R.E., 86.

Charles I., 125 and 206.

Charles II., 81, 126, 210, 216 and 227.

Charles V., 56, ftote.

Charlemagne, Emperor, the, 62.

Charley, Anne, 103.

Chelwesham, William de, 137.

Chichester, Robert, Bishop of, 193.

Churcher, Thos., Esq., 149.

CissA, 32, 211, 212 and 213.

Clarence, Lady, 56, note.

Clares, Richard, 114.

Clarence, Thomas, Duke of, 197.

Clarke, Thomas, 146.

Clavering, General, 96, note.

Clayton, C. E., 201.

Clench, Bruin, 121.

Cleeve, Barbara, 118.

Cloves, King of the Franks, 77.

Clymsfolde, " Barbery,** 114.

Cocke, Richard, 110.

Codrington, Dr. R. H., 163.

Coffin, General, 96.

Coffin, ^liss, 96.

Coffin, Sir Isaac, 96 and note.

Coke, Lord Chief Justice, 166.

Colbert, 82, note.

Compton, John, 145.

Constantius, Emperor II., 202.

Constantine, 217.

Cook, Rd., 151.

COOK.

[ 251 ]

FULLER.

Cook, Tho8., Efiq-t 155, note.

Cook, Wm., 155.

Cooke, family of, 100.

Cooke, John, 122.

Cooke, " Thomam," 115.

Cooper, John, 145 and 6, note.

Cooper, Mr. William Durrani, F.8.A.,

100 and 202.
Crowhurst, John, 145.
Culpepper, family of, 100.
Culpepper, Edward, 119.

Dant^, 10.

Davey, H. M., Rev., 193.

Davis, Mary, 127.

Defoe, 124.

Delisle, M. Lipoid, 39, 167 and 168.

Denmark, King of, 197.

Dennys, John, 151.

Derby, Sir Henry of, 198.

Dixon, Mr., 97.

Doggett, 148.

DoUegg, John Clerk, 157.

Doniert, 37, note.

Eamlie, Richard, Eoq., 145.

Easton, John, 154.

Easton, Wm., 151.

Edsan, Robert, 149.

EdsoU, Harry, 149.

Edwaid VI., 107, noU.

Edwards, Edmund, 157.

Edwards, Mr., 208.

Mey, Rd., 145.

Elderton, Edward, Esq., 137.

Elingon, see Elderton.

Ella, 32.

Ellesmere, Lord Chancellor, 195.

Culpepper, Elizabeth, 119.
Culpepper, Lady, 120.
Culpepper, Madam, 120.
Culpepper, Sir William, 117, 118 and

119.
Cust, family, 208.
Cust, Sir Pusey, 208.
Cymen, 211.
Cjmie, 212.
Cyril, of Alexandria, 55.

Donne, Anne, 121.
Donne, Roger, 121.
Draper, E. H., Esq., 102.
Drayton, Michael, 218, 219.
Drewley, Joan, widow, 1.39.
Duprat, Guillaume, 79.
Dungerth (see Doniert).
Dunken, E. H. W., Eeq., 193.
Dunn, Mr., 96.
Dunstall, ^Ir. John, 208.
Dunstall, Robert, 108.

Ellis, family (of Stoneacre Kent), 190.

Ellis, Mr. John, 189.

Ellis, Mr. William J., 190.

Ellis, Sir Henry, 89 and 198.

Ellis, William Smith, Esq., 189, et seq.

Ellis, Thos., 145.

Elphicke, Thomas, junr., gent., 138.

English, John, 150.

English, Mr., 158.

Essington, Robertum de, 204.

Ethelburga, St., 16, note.

Everfield, Mr. Thomas, 127.

Evlyn, 210 and 216.

Fabri, Robert, 39, note.
Fairhills, the, 98.
Farham, Hamo de, 137.
Famefold, William, Esq., 119.
Famfold, Alice, 117.
Famfold, Richard, 104.
Ferrars, Elizabeth, 52, note.
Ffamefould (or Famfold), 118.
Ffamfolde, Richard, 106.
Fielder, Richard, 154.
Finch, Lord CTiief Justice, 123.
Finchis, Mr., 196.
Fish, Rev. J. L., 102.
Flamsteed, 104.
Fletcher, John, 1.50 and 155.
Fletcher, John, sen., 151.
Fletcher, William, 156 and 157.

Foard, Mr. John, 207.

Foljambe, George, 208.

Foljambe, Troth, 208.

Forde, Mr., 208.

Forde, Sir Edward, 1.55.

Forders, William, 114.

Forty, Richard, 147.

Fosbroke, 164.

Foster, Rev., 85.

Foxe, John, 206.

Foyce, Bryan, 151.

Frampton, Robert, alias Selwin, 165.

Francis, Mr., 96, note.

Freeman, Rd. {ah. Short), 151.

Frye, John, 146.

Fuller, Richard, 149.

GALLOP.

[ 252 ]

HESWARD.

Gt.

GaUop, "Joaue,"118.

Gardener, "WiUyam,'» 104.

Gage, Sir John, 124.

Gale Family, 191.

Gallowaj, Ambrose, 126, 127 and note.

Gater, Alice, 109.

Gater, Elizabeth, 109.

Gater, ** Johan," 109.

Gater, Judith, 109.

Gater, Richard, 109.

Gater, Thomas, 109.

Geo. III., 85, note, and 222.

George, Sir Richard St., 175, note, and

176.
Gerard, Mark, 211.
Gtervaifl, 75, note.

Gherbord, the Fleming, 166 et seq.
Gibbon, Mr., Richmond Herald, 193.
Giddy, Davies, 34.
Gilbert, Mary Ann, 34.
Giffard, Walter, Earl of Buckingham,

&c., 39, note.
Gloucester, Humphrey, Duke of, 197.
Goble, Wm., 146.
Godfrey, John, 107.
Godman, John, 144.
Godman, John, Clerk, 145.
Goff, John, 104.
Goff, William, 103 and 105.
Goffe, Elizabeth, 109.
Goffe, Thomas, 109.
Gold, 223.
Goodman, Mr. John, 128.

Gordon, Rev. H. D., 217.

Gordons, The, 208.

Goring, Dorothy, 125.

Goring, George, 125.

Goring, Henry, Esq., 154.

Goring, Mrs. Eliz., 127.

Gough, 218, noU, and 219.

Gough, Thos., 151.

Graham, Mr. R. J., 160.

Graham, Sir Thomas, 86.

Granysin; William, 107-108.

** Gratwyke," John, 109.

Gratwydc, John, 110.

Gravette (Widow), 118.

Gregory, Rev. W., D.D., 206.

Greenfield, Richard, 146.

Greenfield, Thomas, 146.

Greenstreet, Mr. James, 190.

Gremes, Edward, 145.

Grene, Stephen, 110.

Gretton, ]k&., 96, note.

Grevet, John, 151.

Grey, Henry, 112.

Grey, William, 124.

Groves, Mary, 206.

Guest, Dr., 212.

GuiffsLrd-Longueville, 39, note.

Guilford, 105.

Gullifor (see Guilford) .

Gundreda, Countess of Warenne, 166,

etseq.
Gunn, 222.
Gusele, John atte, 137.

Haben, William, 4.
Halifax, Earl of, 97.
Halifax, Lord, 96.
Hall, George, gent., 149.
Hall, John, 149.
HaUey, 194.
Hal^ham (family), 46.
Halsham, Sir Hugh, 52, 53.
Halsham, Philippa, 52 and note.
Hammond, Lieut., R.N., 93.
Hammond, Mrs., 93.
Hamper, Thos., 151.
"hannikin, henry," 208.
Hardy, Sir Duffus, 176.
Harold, 174, note.
Harrison, 221.
Harrison, Alexander, 59.
Harrison, W., 220.
Harrison, William, 218.
Harwarde, John, 113.
Harwarde, Thomas, 113.
Hastier, Edward, 123 and 127.
Haukyns, Jeffrey, 114.
Havercroft, Joan, 53.

Havercroft, Robert, 53 and note.

Haverfleld, Mr. Frank, F.8.A., 162.

Hawker, Admiral, 98.

Hawkins, Esq., 123.

Haybert«, Richard, 150.

Haydon, George, gent., 125.

Haye, Edmond, gent., 138.

Hayler, Wm., 146.

Haynes, Chr., 114.

Heath, George, 126.

" Hedde,'» S' Robte, ** Curat," 109.

Hellet (P Pellet), " Rychard," 110.

Henry I., 16, 80, 174 and 175.

Henry I. (of France), 79.

Henry II. (of France), 80.

Henry III., 16 and 121.

Henry IV., 81.

Henry VII., 58 no/e.

Henry VIII., 105.

Henynge, Robert, 113.

Hereford, Coimtess of, 197 and 198.

Hesselartou, Mast. John de, 196.

Hessey, Lt.-Col., R.E., 86.

Hesward, John, 108.

**HEYLB«AN." [ 253 ] MABKWICKE.

" heylman," 103.
Heyney, Mr., 208.
Hibeiden, Rd., 145.
Hider, John, 103.
Hillman, William, 112.
Hilton, Henry, Esq., 139.
Hippereley (family of), 121.
Hippersley, William, 121.
Hodes, William, 110.
Hoese, Henry de, 224.
Homer, 9, note.
Honoriup, Pope, 56, note,
Hooke, Mr., 154.

Jacob, Rev. Mr., 97.
James II., 176.
James, Alice, 112.
Jardine, Sir William, St., 224.
Jeffrey, Richard, 116.

Horsey, William, Clerk, 193.

Horsley, 220.

Hoflte, Sir Oeorge, 90.

Howard, family, 121.

Howard, John, F.R.S., 202.

Howe, Captain, 98.

Hoyle, Rev., 85.

Hume, Mrs. Macartney, 92.

Hmne, Rev. D., 92.

Humfrye, Robert, 145.

Humphrey, John, 223.

Humphrey, Thos., 151.

Huntingdon, Thomas, Earl of, 197.

I. AND J.

Jeffreys, 219.

Joselyn, Mary, 116 and 122.
Joselyn, Richaid, 116 and 122.
**j8fod," Richard, 126.

Keyme, Joan, 125.
Keyme, John, 125.
Keyme, Richard, 125.
King Alfred, 218.
King Stephen, 16.
Kingston, ** Rodger," 149.
Kingston, Roger, 151.

Lambarde, 219.

Lambold, ** Alyoe," 110.

Lancey, Sir William de, 89.

Landmann, 85, note.

Lanfranc, 173 and 174.

Larke, Sy' William, 108.

**larke," 8' William, 108.

Lascot, Pierre, 80.

La Warr, Thomas, 2nd Lord, 120.

La Warr, The Lady Ann, 120.

Le Brock, Rev., 85.

Leoonficld, Lord, 148.

Legatt, Thomas, 126.

Leland, 219.

Lenne, Thomas, 145.

Lenne, Wm., 145.

Leodegario, Simon de Sancto, 137.

Leving, John, 149.

Lewis, Mr. Hubert, 153-154.

Macartney, Right Hon. Earl of, 92.
Macray, Rev. W. D., 220.
Malmesbury, William of, 172 note.
Mantell, Dr. Oidcon, 183.
Matilda, Queen, 166.

Kingston, Robert, 150.
Kniffht, Richard, 157.
Knollys, family, 121.
Knowles, Sir Francis, 120.
Knowles, Ann, 120.
Kynstone, Roger, 149.

Lewknor, family of, 100.

Lewknor, Dorofiiy, 111 and 116.

Lewknor, Edward, 111 and 116.

Lewknor, Thomas, Esq., Ill and 145.

Liverpool, The Earls of, 186.

Longcroft, Mr., 97, note.

Longueville,Earlof (see Walter Oiffard).

Louis XIV., 81.

Louis le groe, 75, note.

Loveid, John, 137.

Loverd, Margery, 137.

Lower, Mr., M.A., 196, 206 and 227.

Luck, Edward, 149.

Lulham, John, 137.

Lumley, family, 98, note.

«* Lumlye,*' Lord, 112.

Lumley, Lord John, 115, note.

Lyne, Rev. Mr., 98.

Matilda, of Flanders, 59, note.
Marchmont, Earl of, 92.
Marchant, John, 208.
Marwick, Barnard, 151.
Markwicke, Elizabeth, 195.

MARKWICKE. [ 254 ] OVERYNGTON.

Markwicke^ John, 195.

Mary I., 56, note.

Martel, Geoffrej, Duke of Anjon, 171.

Marten, Mr. Abraham, Gent., 210.

Martin, John, 145.

Mauger, ArchbiBhop, 172 and ibid. noU.

Maagero, 204.

MauUd, Jane, 127.

Maurens, Jolm de, 137.

MauiilliuB, Archbishop, 172, note.

Maur-Raban, 66, note.

Messier, 194.

Michael, Grand Duke, 90.

Micklebome, family of, 100.

Micklethwaite, Mr., 59.

Middleton, Mr. Arthur, 138.

Mill, family of, 100.

Mill, Mr. Richard, 127.

Mill, Mrs. Eliz., 127.

Mill, Mrs. Eatherine, 128.

Napton, Elizabeth, 106.
Nazianzen, Gorgonia, 56, note.
Nazianzen, Gregory, 56, note.
Neil, Sir, 88.

Nelson, Lord, 94, note, 95.
Netherlands, King of the, 88.
Nevill, Mr. Ralph, 190.
Newlands, the, 98.
Newnham, Mr., 222.
Newnhams, the, 208.
Newton, Apsley, Esq., 125 and 126.
Newton, Grace, 125 and 126.
Newton, Mr. William, 138.

Mille, 125.

Mille, Ralph, Esq., 126.
Mille, WiUiam, 123.
Mitton, John, 106.
Moira, Earl of, 85.
Moke, John, 113.
Molesme, St. Robert of, 62.
Moll, Hermann, 219.
Monboissier, Pierre de, 69, note.
Monro, Col., 98.
Montacute, Symon de, 196.
Moore, Rev. Giles, 120.
Moryce, Mr., 108.
Mose, William, 145.
Mowbray, family, 121.
Mulle, William-atte-, 101.
Munday, Mr., M.P., 96.
Murrays, the, 98.
Mychell, John, 114.

Nicholas, II., Pope, 169.

Nicholas, Grand Duke, 90.

Nicholas, Mr., 123.

Nicholas, Sir Harris, 166.

Nicholett, John, 147.

Noble, Captain William, 194.

Noe, Mr. Nicholas, 208.

Norden, John, 219.

Norris, Rev. Mr., 98.

Norris, Thomas, 118.

North, Sir Francis, Knight, 147.

Nye, Thomas, 106.

Nyman, Thomas, 107.

Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, 172, note.
Oldfleld (family), 84 et seq.
Oldfleld, Adeline Harriet Cecilia, 92.
Oldfield, Aldred, 92.
Oldfield, Alicia, 92.
Oldfield, Anthony, 92 and 94.
Oldfield, Captain, 87.
Oldfield, Captain Anthony, R.A., 95,

note.
Oldfield, Catherine, 92.
Oldfield, Col., 92, note.
Oldfield, Edward Humphrey, 92.
Oldfield, Eliza Maria, 92.
Oldfield, Elizabeth Mary, 92.
Oldfield, General, 95, note.
Oldfield, General John, 84, et seq.
Oldfield, General John, R.E., 84, note.
Oldfield, Humphrey, 84.
Oldfield, Jane, 92.
Oldfield, John, 84.
Oldfield, John Rawdon, 92.
Oldfield, Letitia, 92.
Oldfield, Macartney Hume, 92.

Oldfield, Major, 88 and 95, note.
Oldfield, Major-Gen. Richard, 83 and

92, note.
Oldfield, Major Thomas, 94 and note.
Oldfield, Margaret, 84.
Oldfield, Margaret Araminta, 92.
Oldfield, Mary, 84.
Oldfield, !krr., 94.
Oldfield, Mrs., 93, et seq.
Oldfield, Mrs. AUcia, 92.
Oldfield, Richard, 84 and 92.
Oldfield, Rodolphus Bryce, 92.
Oldfield, Sir Anthony, Bart., 84.
Oldfield, Sir Anthony, Ist Bart., 84.
Oldfield, Sir Anthony, 3rd Bart., 84.
Oldfield, Sir John, 2nd Bart., 84.
Oldfield, Sir John, 4th Bart., 84.
Oldfield, Thomas, 92 and 94.
Orange, Prince of, 86, note.
Orleans, Ga.««ton d', 81.
Osbomes, the, 208.
** OseVne,'' Thomas, 109.
Overyngton, Robert, 149.

PAGE.

[ 255 ]

RUSSIA.

Page, John, 113.

Page, John, Senior, 138.

Page, " Mabell,** 138.

Paget, Lord, 114.

Palgrave, Sir Francis, 175 and note.

Palmer, Thomas, 127.

Palmer, William, 127.

Pannell, Rev., 97.

Paris, Matthew of, 4.

Parker, Mr., 208.

Parson, Edward, 104.

Parson, ** Willyam,*' 104.

Payn, John, 103.

Payn, Mary, 127.

Pajn, Richard, 127.

Payn, William, 103.

Payne, family of, 100.

Payne, Elizabeth, 127.

Payne, Mary, 126.

Payne, Richard, 126.

Payne, Thomas, gent., 126.

Pelham, Henry, 127

Pellatt, family of, 99 to 12S, pasnm.

(See also pedigree at page 112).
Pelet, Pellatt, and Pellett (see Pellatt).
PeleU, Edmonde, 101.
Pellet, ** Jaan," 103.
Pellet, James, 103.
PeUet, "Jeon," 103.
Pelett, Johan (Joan), 101.
Pelett, John, 101.
Pellet, " Letice,** 10^}.
Pellet, Margaret, 103.
Pelet, Phillipus-le-, 101.
Pelet, Reginald-le-, 101 and 102.
PeUet, **Ric.," 103.
Pellet, Thos., 103 and 145.
Pellett, William, of Steyning, 102,

et aeq.
Pendrell, Mr. Charles, 227.
Pendril, Dr., 227.

Pendril, John, 227.

Penfold, John, 106-107.

Penfold, Richard, 106.

Penfoulde, Thomas (or Penfolde), 112.

Pennythome, Mr., 145.

Pepper, Anthony, 116.

Pepper, Edward, 118.

Percy, Sir Heniy, 52, note,

Percy, Sir Ralph, 52, note,

Peter, Matthew, 154.

Peter, the Venerable, 65.

Peter, William, 113.

Philpot, Thomas, 196-197.

Pierson, Wm., sen., 151.

Pierson, Wm., jun., 151.

Pilbeme, Richaid, 139.

Platoff, Hetman, 91.

Plomer, James, 138.

Plumer, James, 139.

Plumer, Anne, 139.

Pope aement VII., 79.

Pope GregoiT VII., 170.

Pope Leo IX., 171-172.

Pope Nicholas II., 173.

Postlethwaite, Samuel, 126.

Poullen, Adrian, 147.

Powlet, George, 125.

Powlet, Joan, 125.

Poynings, Michael, Lord, 227.

Poynings, Margaret, 227.

Price, 219.

Prince Regent, 91.

Princess Anne, 176.

Princess Cecilia, 174.

Prussia, King of, 90.

Ptolemy, 227.

Pyper (or Piper) , Sir John, ** prest,"

106.
** pyper," Roger, 197.
Pylfold, Ralph, 149.

QueenElizabcth, 116, 187, no/e, 210 and I Quiugfield, Ralph, 151.
211.

Rathbode (Bishop of Noyou), 79.

Ravencroft, Robert, 53, note.

Redding, Rev. Mr., 98.

Renard, 56, note,

Rcnshaw, Walter C, Esq., Q.C., 195.

Reynaule, John, 149.

Rhodes, " Fere-not," 209.

Richard (son of the Conqueror), 174.

Richardson, James, gent., 139.

Ridge, Mr. Stephen, 138.

Ridge, William, 194.

Rividre, abb^ de la, 81.

Rocque, 219.

Rowe, *'Humfrey,*' 138.

Rowe, Joan, 138.

Rowe, Mr. John, 138.

Rowland, Maurice, 114.

** Rowse of Ram/* 112.

Rotherham, Mr., 120.

Russel, John, 137.

Russell, Cecil Henry, Esq., 227.

Russia, Emperor of, 90.

[ 266 ]

SackTjU, John, Esq., 145.

SaSrido, DomJiio, CiceBtriffi Episcopo

secundo. 20J.
St. AnthoBj, 62 and 131.
St. Benedict, 62. el uq.
St. Clement, 132-133.
St. Laurent, 68, noU.
St. Martin, 76.
St. Nicholas, 132-133.
St. Julien, Pierre de, 198.
Salrage, Robertc, mi.
SalTin, the fsnul; of, 164.
Sanderson, Miw, 96, noit.
Saiidon, Thomas, 58.
SarjB, Qeorge, 150.
Sauniaver, 191.
Soxton, Christopher. 220, noU.
Sayers, Thomas, 148.
Sayres, Thos.. 151.
Scott, Dorothy (widow), 113.
Scott, Sir Waiter, 211.
Seaton, Ueut.-Qen. Lord,O.C.B., 92.
Seidell, 218-219.
Seldon, John, 191.
Selwln, Robert, 164.
Selwyn family, the, 225.
Selwyn, Abbot, 16J.
Selwyn, Buhop, 163.
Selwyn, John, 164.
Selwyn, Rlcbotd, 164.
Selwyn, Sii- Thomas, 163.
Selwyn, Thomas, 164.
Selwyn, William, 164.
Selwyns, the, of Friaton, 163, et uq.
Selwyns, the, of Gloucestershire, 163,

SeriflBoii, Mary, 191.

Serlon (Bishop of S^es), SO.

Seymour (fanuly), 46.

Seymour, Lord Hugh, 93, tioU.

Shcan, Mr., 92,nole.

Shelley, Hannah, 12T.

SheUey, Henry. 127,

SheUey, Henry, Esq., 126 and 149.

Shelley. Mr., 114.

Shelley, Richard, 126 and 127.

SheUey. Susannah, 126.

Sheppard, Mr. Thomas. 155.

Shcparde. Adam, 113.

Sherley, Sir Riehaid. Knt., 137.

Sherley, Thomas, 137.

Shirley (family), 46.

Shirley, SirThor - ""

Shirley, Thomas, 54.

Short, Mr., 93.

Short, Captain, 93, ««(«.

Short, Major, 93, note.

Shurley, Sir John, 185.

SUvius, 9.

Sisteron, Bishop, 81, noU.

Slitter, John (or Slutttr), 103.

Smith, ■' Henrie," 112.

Smith, John, 151.

Smith, Major-Geneial, 98.

Smith, Mr. C. Roach, 217.

Smith, Mr. Spencer, 95.

Smith, Sir Sydney, 95, note.

Smithe, Henry, 114.

Smvlljf, James, 112.

HiiiVth,', Waiiam, gent., 149.

Smyth, Cul.,B9 and iUJ(«.

Smyth, Johu, 112.

Smyth. Lt.-Col. Garmlcbael, 86.

Smyth. Sir J. Connichael, 68.

Snellingp, Peter, 116.

Hnellinge, Richud, IIS.

Soames, "Feamota." 209.

Soames, Richardos, 209.

Sommerard, M. E. Da, 198.

Somerset, John, Duke of, 197.

Sorbonne, Robert de, 80, note.

South, Elizabeth, widow, 157.

Sowton, Thomas, 112 and 114.

Spencer, Earl, 95.

Springett, 149.

Stanley, Mr. John, 126.

Stanley, Wm., 155 to 158.

Stanley, Wm., Clerk, 154.

Stanmer, John, 4.

Stapletan, Mr,, 172 and 175.

Stayker (or Staykyer). Wflliam, 112.

Stephens, Edward, 140.

Stocker. Charles. 93, nole.

Stocker, Dr., 93. rale.

Stocker. Elizabeth, 93, nofe.

Stocket, Richard, 93, noti.

Stoddart. 97.

Stras, Wm., Esq,. 147.

Streeter, John, 145.

Stride, Mr, John, 98 and note.

StukeIy,Dr,,194.

Stukely, 219,

St«keley. Hugh, Esq., 125.

Styants (Widow), 112.

Swale, Anne. Ul.nole.

Swane (or Stoaine), William, 139.

" Swynforde, Kotheryne," 197, 198.

Sydney, Henry, Viscount, 139.

Syon, Abbaase (Abbati) of, 103.

I Tenets, Messrs., 126.

TERRY.

[257]

YVES.

Terry, Mr. James, 98, note.
Tejnton, Mr. Richard, 118.
Thacham, Magii<tro Ricardo de, 204.
Thatcher, John, 137.
Thoughton, *' Master," 197.
Thwaites, Rev. Mr., 98.
Tibbins, L., 219, 221.

Tollervey, Edward, 98, note,

ToUervey, Mr., 97-98.

Turner, Mr., 12.

Turner, Samuel, gent., 147.

Tydd, Mr., 19.

Tyrwhit, William, Esq., 115, note.

Vaghan, William, 214.
Vespasian, the Emperor, 195.
Vind, Leonardo da, 5, note.
Vincent, John, gent., 140.
Vincent, the Earl of St., 95.
Vitalis, Ordericus, 166, et seq.

Voyce, John, 149.
Voyce (see Foyce).
** Vmfrey," John, 112.
** Vmfrey," Peter, 112.
'* Vmfrey," William, 112.

Wade, John Holney, gent., 140.

Walter, of Colchester, 4.

Ward (family), 53.

Warren Hastings, 96, note.

Warenne, William de, 166, et $eq.

Waters, lieut., 88.

Waters, William, 114.

Watkyn, Robert, 106.

Wav, Mr. Lewis, 97.

Wellington, Duke of, 86, et seq.

West, Alice, 112.

West, Ann, 120.

West, Richard, 146.

West, Thomas, Lord de la Warr, 120.

Weste, " Androwe," 112.

Weston, Elizabeth, widow, 157.

Weston, Robt., 154.

Weston, Walter, 157.

Wethcrden, Sir William, 196.

Wheatleys (family of), 85, note.

Wheler, Thomas, 116.

White, Ben., 126.

White, Gilbert, 224.

White, Mr.. 157.

White, Richard, gent., 147.

Willaid. Major. 160.

William I., 59, note.

William the Conqueror, 23.

William (son of the Conqueror), 174.

WiUiam and Mary, 222.

William of Arques, 171.

William of Jumi^gc, 171, et seq.

William of Malmesbury, 172, fiote.

William of Poitiers, 170, 171.

William, Robert, 114.

William Rufus, 169, note, 174 and note.

Wilshare, William, 114.

Wimsett, alias Wimshurst, John, 139.

Wingfleld (see Qtiingfield).

Winton, Anne, 140.

Winton, William, 140.

Wlencing, 211-212.

Wodefoid, Dean, John de, 196.

Wodeland, Richard, 197.

Wodlande, Alice, 197.

Wolff, Dr. Joseph, 97 and note.

Wolven, Richara, 115.

Wood, John, a, 138.

Wood, Sir George, 90.

Woodcocks, The, 208.

Woodcocke, Edward, Esq., 207.

Woodcocke, " ffrancisse,^' 207.

Woodcocke, ** Marye," 207.

Woodcocke, Mr. Thomas, 207, 208.

Woodcock, Mrs. Ursula, 208.

Woodcock, Edward, 207 and 208.

Woodcock, Henry, 207.

Woodcock, 3Iary, 207.

Woodcock, Ursula, 207.

Woodcman, Richard, 206.

Woodward, Catherine, 53.

Woodward, Hannah, 53.

Woodward, Leonard, 53.

Woodward, Thomas, 53.

Woulven, Richard, 115.

Wower, Agnes, 106.

Wulvin (or Wulvine), 113.

Wulvin, " Joane," 113.

Wulvine, Richard, 113.

Wyatt, James, 97, note.

Yonge, Cordelia Anne, 92.
Yonge, Rev. D., 92.

Yves (Bishop of Chartres), 79.

Fftrnoombe & Co., Printers, Lewes.

To »«>M fine. *« *'°°'' **'*^"* ^ ^twnied o
or before ihe date Iwt stanivwd below